1. Guhagarika amazi no kwinuba
Ubwoko bwingenzi bwo kugumana amazi-kubyimba ni selile. Ubugari bwa Cellulose nigikoresho cyiza-kidasanzwe gishobora kunoza cyane imikorere yihariye ya minisiteri hamwe ninyongera gusa. Ihindurwa mumazi-idashidikanywaho muri fibre ihujwe namazi binyuze muburyo bworoshye. Ikozwe mu buryo bworoshye kandi ifite igice cyibanze cyubaka anhydroglucose. Ifite ibintu bitandukanye ukurikije ubwoko numubare wamatsinda asimbuza kumwanya wayo. Irashobora gukoreshwa nkababyimbye kugirango uhindure ubudahuzamiga; Kugumana amazi birashobora guhindura neza amazi ya minisiteri, kandi birashobora kurekura amazi mugihe runaka, bishobora kwemeza ko hasubirwamo hakurya kandi hakundwa amazi ni byiza. Muri icyo gihe, Etherlese, Ether Reser irashobora guhindura ibintu byimiterere ya minisiteri, byongera ibikorwa nibikorwa. Ibice bikurikira bya selile bikoreshwa nkibijuri byimiti muri minisiteri yumye: ①na-CarboxyMethyl selile; Cellheyl selile; Cellheyl selile; Andddroxy ether; ⑤kydroxyPropyl methyl selile; Ester, nibindi byongeyeho ibyavuzwe haruguru byavuzwe haruguru bitera imbere imikorere ya minisiteri yumye: ①inkora ibikorwa; ②kora ibiro; ③ lirvar ntabwo byoroshye kuva amaraso no gutandukana; Kurwanya neza; ⑥ Fartar biroroshye kubaka mubice bito. Usibye imitungo yavuzwe haruguru, bahanganye na selile bafitanye nabo bafite imitungo yabo yihariye. Cai Wei wo muri Kaminuza ya Chongqing yavuze muri make uburyo bwo kunoza Methyl Tlilselilose ku mikorere ya minisiteri. Yizeraga ko nyuma yo kongeraho MC (Methyl Tling Ether) Amazi agumana umukozi kuri minisiteri, ibituba bito byinshi biremwa. Bikora nkumupira wibyara, utezimbere imikorere ya minisiteri ivanze, kandi ikirere kijimye kiracyagumirwa mumubiri wa minisiteri unangiye, gikora intanga kigenga kandi kikabuza imiti yingengabihe. Amazi ya MC ashobora kandi kunoza ubwo bugurira kuri minisiteri uvanze muburyo bunini, budashobora kubuza gusa amaraso no gutandukanya gusa, ahubwo bikubuza amazi guhumeka vuba cyangwa guhugukira vuba muri Icyiciro cyambere cyo gukiza, kugirango ngwant ishobora kuba nziza, kugirango imbaraga zibanga. Isome rya MC-igumana ingaragu rya MC amazi rizatezimbere agabanuka kwa minisiteri. Iyi ni umukozi ugumya amazi meza ashobora kuzuzwa muri pores, kugirango inzego zihujwe muri minisiteri izagabanuka, bityo igabanuka ryamazi rizagabanuka, rikagabanya aganganya humye cya minisiteri. agaciro. Ubugari bwa Cellulose muri rusange bivanze mukuma-kuvanga byimiterere minisiteri, cyane cyane iyo bikoreshejwe nkumubinyi. Niba selile ether ivanze mu buryo bwa tile ifatika, ubushobozi bwo kugumana amazi ya mastike arashobora kunozwa cyane. Uburenganzira bwa Cellulose bubuza gutakaza amafaranga yihuta kuva muri sima kugera ku ntsinzi cyangwa amatafari, kugira ngo sima ifite amazi ahagije yo gukomera, kuberako igihe cyo gukosora, kandi kikazamura imbaraga zo gukosora. Byongeye kandi, ether selile kandi itezimbere plastike ya mastike, ituma iyubakwa, yongera aho ihurira hagati ya mastike n'umubiri w'amatafari, kandi igabanya kunyerera no kunyerera kuri mastike, nubwo imbaga ya buri gice ari nini kandi Ubucucike bwo hejuru ni bwinshi. Amabati afatirwa hejuru yubushyuhe butanyerera muri mastike. Uburenganzira bwa Cellulose nabwo bushobora gutinza gushinga uruhu rwa sima, kuramba igihe, no kongera umubare wibikoresho bya sima.
2. Fibre organic
Inzobe zikoreshwa muri minisiteri irashobora kugabanywamo fibre ya fibrist, fibre idasanzwe hamwe na fibre kama ukurikije imiterere yabo. Ongeraho fibre muri minisiteri irashobora kunoza cyane kurwanya no kurwanya imikorere. Fibre organic yongewe kuri minisiteri ivanze yumye kugirango ateze imbere kudatungana no kurwanya minisiteri. Bikunze gukoreshwa fibre kama ni: Polypropylene fibre (pp), Polyide (NylonYelene, Pva) muri bo, nibindi. Muri bo, nibindi. Kugeza ubu byinshi byakoreshejwe. Numukono wa kirisiti ufite imiterere isanzwe na promomer monomer mubihe bimwe. Ifite imiti irwanya imyumbati, gahunda nziza, uburemere bworoshye, agangato gake cyane, nigiciro gito. N'ibindi biranga, kandi kubera ko imipira ya Polypropylene irwanya aside na alkali, kandi ntagendere mu miterere n'ibikoresho bishingiye ku bya sima, yahise yitondera mu rugo no mu mahanga. Ingaruka yo kurwanya fibre zivangwa na minisiteri zigabanywa ahanini mubyiciro bibiri: imwe nigice cya pelicare ya plastike; ikindi nicyiciro cyumubiri kigoramye. Mu cyiciro cya plastike ya minisiteri, abagororwabuke bakwirakwijwe imiterere yimiterere itatu, igira uruhare mu gushyigikira igiteranyo cyiza, ibuza gukemura ibibazo byiza, kandi bigabanya amacakubiri. Gutandukanya nimpamvu nyamukuru yo guturika hejuru yubutaka, kandi hiyongereyeho fibre igabanya imyanya ya minisiteri kandi igabanya amahirwe yo guturika hejuru ya minisiteri. Bitewe no guhumeka mu cyiciro cya plastike, aganganya k'umuryango bizatanga imihangayiko minini, kandi hiyongereyeho fibre irashobora kwihanganira iyi mihangayiko minini. Mu cyiciro kigoramye cya minisiteri, kubera kubaho kwumisha imyanda, kugabanuka karubakire, nubushyuhe bukabije, guhangayika nabyo bizakorwa imbere muri minisiteri. kwagura microcrack kwaguka. Yuan Zhenyi n'abandi na bo bashoje bakoresheje isesengura ry'ikigeragezo cyo kurwanya ibifuniko byongeraho imirima ya mirisiteri kongeraho imirima ya mirisiteri yongeraho imirima ya ministar kuri mining Iyo amajwi yijwi rya fibre ya polypropylene muri minisiteri ni 0.05% na 0.10%, ibice birashobora kugabanuka na 65% na 75%. Huang Chengya n'abandi bo mu ishuri ry'ikoranabuhanga, kaminuza y'Amajyepfo y'ubushinwa, kandi yemeje binyuze mu kizamini cya mashini yahinduwe muri Cerpropylene yahinduwe muri CerverPropyle ishingiye kuri Cerverropyle ishingiye kuri siber irashobora kunoza imbaraga zoroheje kandi zikangirika ya sima. Umubare mwiza wa fibre muri centri yegeranye na 0.9Kg / M3, niba amafaranga arenze aya mafaranga, peber arushijeho kuba indakemwa, kandi ntabwo ari ubukungu. Ongeraho fibre kuri minisiteri birashobora kunoza kudatungana kwa minisiteri. Igihe CEVEVE Matrix iragabanuka, kubera uruhare rwibibatsi byiza byubatswe byakinnye na fibre, imbaraga zirakoreshwa neza. Nubwo haba hari ibice bya micro-nyuma yo gumbaza, mugikorwa cyimihangayiko yimbere no hanze, kwagura ibice bizabangamirwa na sisitemu ya fibre. , Biragoye kwiteza imbere mubice binini, biragoye rero gukora binyuze munzira igaragara, bityo utezimbere kudatungana kwa minisiteri.
3. Umukozi wagutse
Umukozi wagutse nubundi buryo bwingenzi bwo kurwanya no kurwanya paricare mu mirire yumye. Abakozi bakoreshwa cyane bo kwagura ni Aea, Uea, cea nibindi. Umukozi wa AEA afite ibyiza byingufu nini, dosage nto, imbaraga za nyuma, igabanuka, hamwe nibikoresho bike bya alkali. Calcium ahuza amabuye ya caling ya alumina murwego rwa AEA bwa mbere yitwara na Caso4 na CA (OH) 2 kugirango haldium sulfouminate hydrate (ettrite) no kwaguka. Uea kandi itanga Ettrite kubyara kwaguka, mugihe chaa yitabye cyane hydroxide ya calcium. Umukozi wa Aea Kwagura AEA ni umukozi wa calcium aduminate, akayakwagura kwaguka byakozwe muguhuza umubare munini wa lumina, alunite kamere na gypsum na gypsum. Kwaguka byashizweho nyuma yo kongeramo Aea ahanini bitewe ahanini n'ibice bibiri: mu cyiciro cya mbere cya charvinate, muri calcium ahuza imiyoboro ya Aealing mu bice bya AEA bibanza hamwe na Caso4 na CA (OH) 2, na hydrates Kugirango ukore Calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate (ettritrike) no kwaguka, umubare wo kwaguka ni munini. Imbaraga za Ettget na Hydrod Aluminum Hydroxide Gel kugirango icyiciro cyo kwaguka hamwe nigiciro cya gel gihuye neza, kidakemura gusa imikorere yo kwaguka gusa ahubwo ireba imbaraga. Mu cyiciro cyo hagati n'icyatsi, ettrite nabyo itanga urugero munsi yo gushimira Lime Gypsion, itezimbere imico ya sima aggregate. Nyuma ya Aea yongerewe kuri minisiteri, urugero rwinshi rwa ettrite rwabyaye mubyiciro byambere kandi byo hagati bizagura ingano ya minisiteri, bigatuma imiterere ya minisiteri yoroshye, kunoza imiterere ya minisiteri, hindura imiterere ya minisiteri, kugabanya macropores, kugabanya byose porosititoyi, kandi itezimbere cyane ibidashoboka. Iyo minisiteri iri mumwanya wumye mugice cyanyuma, kwaguka mubyiciro byambere kandi byo hagati birashobora guhagarika byose cyangwa igice cyigabanuka ryibice mugice cyanyuma, kugirango irwane irwanya kandi ihagarare iterwe imbere. Kwagura uea bikozwe mubice byingirakamaro nkikibaya, alumina, potasimu sulfoaluminate na sulcium sulfate. Iyo Uea ivanze muri sima ikwiye, irashobora kugera ku mirimo yo guhatira kugabanuka, guhagarikwa no kurwanya. Nyuma ya Uea yongeweho ingwate isanzwe kandi ivanze, izakirana na calcium isebanya kandi ya dydrate kugirango ikore ca (OH) 2, izabyara isuka ya sulfoaluminic. Calcium (C2a · 3CASO4 · 32h2o) ni ettritrite, kandi igipimo cya sima kigabanuka kigengwa kibiri muri Uea, gitera umugereka wa Uea, gitera umugereka wa Uea, rufite ubunini bwa burundu, giturwa hejuru no kurwanya no kudahatira no kudatukana. LIN Goani yakoresheje imbogamizi ya minisiteri ivanze na Uea kurukuta rwo hanze, kandi igera ku ngaruka nziza yo kurwanya. CEA Kwagura Umuganga wa Gukangura Ibicuruzwa, ibumba (cyangwa hejuru ya alumina), nifu yicyuma, ikabarwa kuri 1350-1400 ° C, hanyuma akaba igiterane kugirango uhambire umuyobozi mukuru. Abakozi bashinzwe kwaguka ku mpaka bafite amasoko abiri yo kwaguka: CAO Hydration kugirango ikore CA (OH) 2; C3A kandi ikora al2o3 ikora ettritrite muburyo bwa Gypsum na CA (OH) 2.
4. Plastizer
Plastizir Pestistizer ni ifu yuzuye indege ya minisiteri yo kwiyongera hamwe na polymer organic hamwe na chimique ya anorganike, kandi ni ibintu bifatika bifatika. Irashobora kugabanya cyane imitingito yibisubizo, kandi itanga umubare munini wibituba bifunze kandi bito (Mubisanzwe 0.25-2.5mm muri diameter) mugihe cyo kuvanga minisiteri. Intera iri hagati ya microbubbles ni nto kandi ituje ni ryiza, rishobora kunonosora cyane ibikorwa bya minisiteri. ; Irashobora gutakananya sima, guteza imbere sima hydtion reaction, kunoza imbaraga z'imiryango, kudacogora no kurwanya indwara zo guhora, no kugabanya igice cyo gukoresha sima; Ifite ubuyobe bwiza, igitangaza gikomeye cya minisiteri kivanze nacyo, kandi kirashobora gukumira ibibazo bisanzwe byo kubaka nko kurandura (ubushomeri), kuvuza, no gushaka amazi kurukuta; Irashobora kunoza ibidukikije byubaka, kugabanya uburemere bukorwa, no guteza imbere ubwubatsi; Ninyungu zikomeye zubukungu nimibereho zishobora kunoza ubuziranenge bwumushinga no kugabanya ibicuruzwa byangiza ibidukikije nibisige hamwe nibiciro byubwubatsi. Lignosulfontate ni plastisar isanzwe ikoreshwa mu mfu ya minisiteri yumye, igamyabutaka kumpapuro, hamwe na dosage rusange ni 0.2% kuri 0.3%. Plastizers ikunze gukoreshwa mu mico isaba ibintu byiza byo kwishyira hejuru, nko kwishyira hamwe kwikinisha, minisiteri yubutaka cyangwa urwego rwa minisiteri. Ongeraho Plastizers Muri Minisiteri y'Ububari Ubwiza bwa Masonry. Irashobora kuzigama 4% lime paste muri perezida wa minisiteri, kandi minisiteri ntabwo yoroshye kuva amaraso cyangwa gutandukana; MISARER ifite ubushishozi bwiza; Igice cyo hejuru ntigifite ikibazo cyo kurandukira, kandi gifite imbaraga nziza, kurwanya ubukonje no kurwanya ikirere.
5. Hydrophobic yongeyeho
Inyongeramuzi za Hydrophomic cyangwa Ibicuruzwa byamazi birinda amazi kwinjira muri MISTARI mugihe ufunguye umuryango kugirango ureke ugabanye imyuka y'amazi. Inyongeramuyo za Hydrophobic kubicuruzwa byumye byumye bigomba kugira ibiranga bikurikira: ①it igomba kuba ibicuruzwa byafashwe; ②Ve itanga ibintu byiza bivanze; Tera minisiteri nka hydrophobike yose kandi ukomeze ingaruka zigihe kirekire; ④Band ku mbaraga zo hejuru ntizigira ingaruka mbi; Bifasha ibidukikije. Abakozi ba Hydrophomike bakoreshwaga ni umunyu wibitana, nka calcium yiruka; Silane. Icyakora, calcium irimo hydrophobic ikwiye yo kongeramo minisiteri yumye, cyane cyane kubikoresho byubaka byubwubatsi, kuko bigoye kuvanga partar. Inyongeramuzi za hydrophomic zikoreshwa mugukurikiza minisiteri ya sisitemu yo gutwika amashurwe yo hanze, tile, minisiteri yo gushushanya amabara y'amabara, kandi abanyamategeko ba plasters milling bachot kurukuta rwo hanze.
6. IZINDI NTANDUKANYA
Coagulant ikoreshwa muguhindura imiterere nuburyo bukomeye bwa minisiteri. Calcium ikora na lithium karubone ikoreshwa cyane. Ubusanzwe imizigo ni 1% bya Calcium na 0.2% karubone. Kimwe no kwihuta, umudepite nawo ukoreshwa muguhindura imiterere nuburyo bukomeye bwa minisiteri. Acide ya Tartaric, aside ya citric hamwe numworoma, na gluconate byakoreshejwe neza. Dosage isanzwe ni 0.05% ~ 0.2%. Ibifu byifu bigabanya ibinyabuzima bya minisiteri nshya. Ibitero by'ifu bishingiye ku matsinda atandukanye nka hydrocarbone, glycokene, glycols cyangwa polysiloxanes yahinduwe ku nkunga idasanzwe. Akantu karangwaho gushobora kongera ingufu za minisiteri, bityo wongere ikibazo gito gisaba amazi kandi ugatanga umusaruro, kandi ugabanye impamyabumenyi yo gutesha agaciro minisiteri ivanze. Ibi bituma kuri minisiteri igira uburinzi hamwe na tile ifata neza kugirango ikore amabati aremereye afite ubwoba buke.
Igihe cyagenwe: Gashyantare-06-2023