Nigute hydroxyethyl selulose ikorwa?

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) ni polymer isanzwe ikurura amazi ikoreshwa cyane mumiti ya buri munsi, ubwubatsi, impuzu, ubuvuzi, ibiryo nizindi nganda. Nibintu bitari ionic selulose ether bikozwe muburyo bwo guhindura imiti ya selile. Uburyo bwo gukora hydroxyethyl selulose burimo imiti igoye, harimo gukuramo selile, kuvura alkalisation, reaction ya etherification, nibindi bikurikira ni intangiriro irambuye kubikorwa byayo.

1. Guhitamo ibikoresho bibisi no gukuramo selile
Ibikoresho fatizo bya hydroxyethyl selulose ni selile karemano, ikomoka cyane cyane mubiti, ipamba cyangwa ibindi bihingwa. Ibigize selile mu rukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima ni muremure, kandi selile nziza irashobora gukurwa muri ibyo bikoresho bisanzwe hakoreshejwe imashini cyangwa imiti. Igikorwa cyo gukuramo kirimo kumenagura, kuvanaho umwanda (nka lignin, hemicellulose), guhumanya nizindi ntambwe.

Gukuramo selile: Cellulose isanzwe ikoreshwa muburyo bwa mashini cyangwa imiti kugirango ikureho ibintu bitari selile kugirango ubone selile nziza cyane. Fibre fibre, ibiti byimbuto, nibindi byose birashobora kuba isoko yibikoresho fatizo. Mugihe cyo kuvura, alkali (nka sodium hydroxide) ikoreshwa mugufasha gushonga ibice bitari selile, naho ibisigaye ni selile.
2. Kuvura alkalisation
Cellulose isukuye igomba kubanza gusukwa. Iyi ntambwe nugukora amatsinda ya hydroxyl kumurongo wa selile ya selile ikora cyane kugirango bashobore kubyitwaramo neza hamwe na agent ya etherifying. Intambwe zingenzi zokuvura alkalisation nizi zikurikira:

Imyitwarire ya selile na alkali: selile yivanze na alkali ikomeye (ubusanzwe hydroxide ya sodium) kugirango itange alkali selile (Alkali Cellulose). Ubu buryo busanzwe bukorwa muburyo bwamazi. Alkali selulose nigicuruzwa cya selile na hydroxide ya sodium. Iyi ngingo ifite imiterere irekuye kandi ikora cyane, ikaba ifasha reaction ya etherification.
Igikorwa cya alkalisation kibaho cyane cyane mubushuhe nubushuhe bukwiye, mubisanzwe murwego rwa 20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ mumasaha menshi kugirango tumenye neza ko amatsinda ya hydroxyl muri molekile ya selile akora neza.

3. Igisubizo cya Etherification
Etherification nintambwe yingenzi mubikorwa bya hydroxyethyl selile. Hydroxyethyl selulose ikorwa mugukora alkali selulose hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene kugirango itangire amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl. Intambwe zihariye nizi zikurikira:

Igisubizo hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene: Alkali selile yifata hamwe numubare munini wa okiside ya Ethylene mubushyuhe nubushyuhe. Imiterere yimpeta muri okiside ya Ethylene irakingura kugirango ibe umusemburo wa ether, ikorana nitsinda rya hydroxyl muri molekile ya selile, kandi itangiza amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl (–CH2CH2OH). Iyi nzira irashobora guhindura urwego rwa etherification mugucunga uko ibintu byifashe (nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko, nigihe).
Ubusanzwe reaction ikorerwa mubidukikije bya alkaline kugirango harebwe imikorere ya etherification. Ubushyuhe bwa reaction ni 50 ℃ ~ 100 ℃, kandi igihe cyo kubyitwaramo ni amasaha menshi. Muguhindura ingano ya okiside ya Ethylene, urwego rwo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa byanyuma rushobora kugenzurwa, ni ukuvuga umubare wamatsinda ya hydroxyl muri molekile ya selile isimburwa nitsinda rya hydroxyethyl.

4. Kutabogama no gukaraba
Nyuma ya etherification reaction irangiye, ibintu bya alkaline muri sisitemu ya reaction bigomba kubogama. Ibikoreshwa cyane bitagira aho bibogamiye ni ibintu bya aside, nka acide acike cyangwa aside hydrochloric. Inzira yo kutabogama izahindura alkali irenze imyunyu, itazagira ingaruka kumikorere yibicuruzwa.

Kutabogama kwa reaction: Kura ibicuruzwa muri reaction hanyuma wongereho aside ikwiye kugirango itabogamye kugeza igihe pH muri sisitemu igeze itabogamye. Iyi nzira ntabwo ikuraho alkali isigaye gusa, ahubwo inagabanya ingaruka ziterwa nigicuruzwa cyibikorwa bya hydroxyethyl selile.

Gukaraba no kubura umwuma: Ibicuruzwa bitagira aho bibogamiye bigomba gukaraba inshuro nyinshi, mubisanzwe ukoresheje amazi cyangwa Ethanol hamwe nandi mashanyarazi kugirango woze umwanda usigara nibicuruzwa. Igicuruzwa cyogejwe kibura umwuma na centrifugation, gukanda kayunguruzo hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ubuhehere.

5. Kuma no kumenagura
Nyuma yo gukaraba no kubura amazi, hydroxyethyl selulose iracyafite urugero runaka rwubushuhe kandi igomba gukama. Uburyo bwo kumisha bushobora gukorwa no kumisha ikirere cyangwa kumisha vacuum kugirango ibicuruzwa bigire umutekano mugihe cyo kubika no gukoresha.

Kuma: Kuma ibicuruzwa mubushyuhe runaka (mubisanzwe munsi ya 60 ° C) kugirango ukureho ubushuhe busigaye. Ubushyuhe bwo kumisha ntibukwiye kuba hejuru cyane, bitabaye ibyo birashobora gutera ibicuruzwa kwangirika kandi bikagira ingaruka kumikorere yabyo.

Kumenagura no gusuzuma: Hydroxyethyl selulose yumye mubisanzwe ibaho mubice cyangwa ibibyimba, kandi igomba guhonyorwa kugirango ubone ifu nziza. Igicuruzwa cyajanjaguwe nacyo kigomba gusuzumwa kugirango haboneke ingano yubunini bwujuje ibisabwa kugirango habeho gukemuka no gutandukana mubikorwa bifatika.

6. Kugerageza no gupakira ibicuruzwa byanyuma
Nyuma yo gukora, hydroxyethyl selulose igomba gupimwa ubuziranenge kugirango ibipimo byayo bikore ibisabwa. Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha mubisanzwe birimo:

Ibipimo bya Viscosity: Ubukonje bwa hydroxyethyl selulose nyuma yo gushonga mumazi nikimenyetso cyingenzi cyiza, kigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yacyo, mubwubatsi, imiti ya buri munsi nindi mirima.
Ibirungo: Gerageza ibirimo ubuhehere bwibicuruzwa kugirango umenye neza ububiko bwabyo.
Impamyabumenyi yo gusimbuza (DS) no gusimbuza umubyimba (MS): Menya urugero rwo gusimbuza no gusimbuza amavuta mu bicuruzwa ukoresheje isesengura ry’imiti kugirango umenye ingaruka ziterwa na etherification.
Nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini, hydroxyethyl selulose izapakirwa mu ifu cyangwa mu bicuruzwa bya granulaire, ubusanzwe mu mifuka ya pulasitike idafite ubushyuhe cyangwa imifuka yimpapuro kugirango birinde kwandura cyangwa kwanduzwa.

Igikorwa cyo gukora hydroxyethyl selulose gikubiyemo ahanini intambwe zo gukuramo selile, kuvura alkalisation, reaction ya etherification, kutabogama no gukaraba, kumisha no kumenagura. Inzira yose iterwa na alkalisation na etherification mumyitwarire ya chimique, kandi selile ihabwa amazi meza kandi ikabyimba mugutangiza amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl. Hydroxyethyl selulose ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi, nko kubyibuha hejuru, gutwika amazi kubikoresho byubaka, stabilisateur mubicuruzwa bivura imiti ya buri munsi, nibindi. y'ibicuruzwa.