Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi gulu lodziwika bwino la polima lomwe lili ndi ntchito zambiri zamafakitale, makamaka pankhani yamankhwala, chakudya, zomangira ndi zodzoladzola. Kusungunuka kwake m'madzi ndi kukhuthala kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yokhuthala bwino, yokhazikika komanso filimu yakale. Nkhaniyi tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane Kutha ndi kutupa ndondomeko HPMC m'madzi, komanso kufunika kwake mu ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
1. Kapangidwe ndi katundu wa HPMC
HPMC ndi non-ionic cellulose ether yopangidwa ndi kusinthidwa kwa mankhwala a cellulose. Kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala kumakhala ndi methyl ndi hydroxypropyl substituents, zomwe zimalowa m'malo mwa magulu ena a hydroxyl mu cellulose cellulose, zomwe zimapatsa HPMC katundu wosiyana ndi wa cellulose wachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, HPMC ili ndi izi:
Kusungunuka kwamadzi: HPMC imatha kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira komanso otentha ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zokulitsa.
Kukhazikika: HPMC imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa pH ndipo imatha kukhala yokhazikika pansi pa acidic komanso zamchere.
Kutentha kwa kutentha: HPMC ili ndi mawonekedwe a kutentha kwa kutentha. Kutentha kukakwera, njira yamadzimadzi ya HPMC ipanga gel osakaniza ndikusungunuka kutentha kumatsika.
2. Njira yowonjezera ya HPMC m'madzi
HPMC ikakumana ndi madzi, magulu a hydrophilic mu unyolo wa ma cell (monga hydroxyl ndi hydroxypropyl) amalumikizana ndi mamolekyu amadzi kuti apange ma hydrogen bond. Izi zimapangitsa HPMC maselo unyolo pang'onopang'ono kuyamwa madzi ndi kukula. Kukula kwa HPMC kumatha kugawidwa m'magawo awa:
2.1 Gawo loyamba la kuyamwa madzi
Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta HPMC tikakumana ndi madzi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamadzi timalowa mwachangu pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndikupangitsa kuti tinthu tichuluke. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa magulu a hydrophilic mu mamolekyu a HPMC ndi mamolekyu amadzi. Popeza HPMC palokha si ionic, sidzasungunuka mwamsanga monga ma polima a ionic, koma idzayamwa madzi ndikukula poyamba.
2.2 Gawo lokulitsa mkati
M'kupita kwa nthawi, mamolekyu amadzi amalowa pang'onopang'ono mkati mwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maunyolo a cellulose omwe ali mkati mwa tinthu tiyambe kukula. Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta HPMC kutsika pang'onopang'ono panthawiyi chifukwa kulowa kwa mamolekyu amadzi kuyenera kuthana ndi dongosolo lolimba la unyolo wa maselo mkati mwa HPMC.
2.3 Malizitsani siteji yoyimitsa
Pakapita nthawi yayitali, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta HPMC timasungunuka m'madzi ndikupanga njira yofananira ya viscous. Panthawiyi, maunyolo a molekyulu a HPMC amapindika m'madzi mwachisawawa, ndipo yankho limakulitsidwa mwa kuyanjana kwa ma intermolecular. Kukhuthala kwa njira ya HPMC kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kulemera kwake kwa maselo, ndende ya yankho ndi kutentha kwa kutentha.
3. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kukula ndi kutha kwa HPMC
3.1 Kutentha
Kusungunuka kwa HPMC kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa madzi. Nthawi zambiri, HPMC ikhoza kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira ndi madzi otentha, koma kusungunuka kumachita mosiyana ndi kutentha kosiyana. M'madzi ozizira, HPMC nthawi zambiri imatenga madzi ndikutupa poyamba, kenako imasungunuka pang'onopang'ono; ali m'madzi otentha, HPMC idzadutsa kutentha kwa kutentha kwina, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imapanga gel osakaniza osati yankho pa kutentha kwakukulu.
3.2 Kukhazikika
The apamwamba ndende ya HPMC yankho, ndi pang'onopang'ono tinthu kukula mlingo, chifukwa chiwerengero cha mamolekyu madzi mu mkulu ndende njira kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphatikiza ndi HPMC unyolo maselo ndi ochepa. Kuonjezera apo, kukhuthala kwa yankho kudzawonjezeka kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende.
3.3 Kukula kwa tinthu
Kukula kwa tinthu HPMC kumakhudzanso kukula kwake ndi kusungunuka. Tinthu ting'onoting'ono timayamwa madzi ndikutupa mofulumira chifukwa cha malo awo akuluakulu, pamene tinthu tating'onoting'ono timamwa madzi pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimatenga nthawi yaitali kuti zisungunuke.
3.4 pH mtengo
Ngakhale HPMC ili ndi mphamvu yosinthika kuti isinthe pH, kutupa kwake ndi kusungunuka kwake kungakhudzidwe pansi pa acidic kwambiri kapena zamchere. Pansi ndale mpaka kufooka kwa acidic komanso kufooka kwa alkaline, kutupa ndi kusungunuka kwa HPMC kumakhala kokhazikika.
4. Udindo wa HPMC mu ntchito zosiyanasiyana
4.1 Makampani opanga mankhwala
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chomangira komanso chosokoneza pamapiritsi amankhwala. Popeza HPMC imatupa m'madzi ndikupanga gel osakaniza, izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwalawa, potero zimakwaniritsa kumasulidwa koyendetsedwa bwino. Komanso, HPMC Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati chigawo chachikulu cha mankhwala ❖ kuyanika filimu kumapangitsanso bata la mankhwala.
4.2 Zipangizo zomangira
HPMC imagwiranso ntchito yofunikira pakupanga zida zomangira, makamaka ngati chosungira ndi chosungira madzi pamatope a simenti ndi gypsum. Katundu wotupa wa HPMC muzinthu izi amalola kuti asunge chinyezi m'malo otentha kwambiri kapena malo owuma, potero amalepheretsa kupanga ming'alu ndikuwongolera mphamvu yolumikizira zinthuzo.
4.3 Makampani a Chakudya
M'makampani azakudya, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, emulsifier ndi stabilizer. Mwachitsanzo, mu zinthu zophikidwa, HPMC imatha kusintha kukhazikika kwa mtanda ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe ndi kukoma kwa chinthucho. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zotupa za HPMC zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga zakudya zopanda mafuta kapena zopanda mafuta kuti ziwonjezere kukhuta komanso kukhazikika.
4.4 Zodzoladzola
Mu zodzoladzola, HPMC chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala chisamaliro khungu, shampu ndi conditioners monga thickener ndi stabilizer. Gel opangidwa ndi kukulitsa kwa HPMC m'madzi amathandizira kukonza kapangidwe kake ndikupanga filimu yoteteza pakhungu kuti khungu likhale lopanda madzi.
5. Mwachidule
The kutupa katundu HPMC m'madzi ndi maziko ake lonse ntchito. HPMC imakulitsa ndi kuyamwa madzi kupanga yankho kapena gel osakaniza ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Nyumbayi imapangitsa kuti ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri monga mankhwala, zomangamanga, zakudya ndi zodzoladzola.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-09-2024