1. Chemical Kapangidwe ka HPMC:
HPMC ndi semi-synthetic, inert, viscoelastic polima yochokera ku cellulose. Amapangidwa ndi mayunitsi obwerezabwereza a mamolekyu a glucose olumikizidwa palimodzi, ndi magawo osiyanasiyana olowa m'malo. Kulowetsedwaku kumaphatikizapo magulu a hydroxypropyl (-CH2CHOHCH3) ndi methoxy (-OCH3) omwe amaphatikizidwa kumagulu a anhydroglucose a cellulose. Kulowetsedwaku kumapereka zinthu zapadera kwa HPMC, kuphatikiza kusungunuka kwake m'madzi.
2. Kumangirira kwa haidrojeni:
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu za kusungunuka kwa HPMC m'madzi ndikutha kupanga ma hydrogen bond. Kulumikizana kwa haidrojeni kumachitika pakati pa magulu a hydroxyl (OH) a HPMC ndi mamolekyu amadzi. Magulu a hydroxyl mu mamolekyu a HPMC amatha kuyanjana ndi mamolekyu amadzi kudzera mu mgwirizano wa haidrojeni, ndikuwongolera kusungunuka. Mphamvu zama intermolecular izi ndizofunikira pakuphwanya mphamvu zowoneka bwino pakati pa mamolekyu a HPMC ndikupangitsa kubalalitsidwa kwawo m'madzi.
3. Digiri ya Kusintha:
Digiri ya m'malo (DS) imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxypropyl ndi methoxy pa unit ya anhydroglucose mu molekyulu ya HPMC. Makhalidwe apamwamba a DS nthawi zambiri amathandizira kusungunuka kwamadzi kwa HPMC. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa ma hydrophilic substituents kumathandizira kuyanjana kwa polima ndi mamolekyu amadzi, kulimbikitsa kusungunuka.
4. Kulemera kwa Maselo:
Kulemera kwa maselo a HPMC kumakhudzanso kusungunuka kwake. Nthawi zambiri, kutsika kwa mamolekyulu a HPMC kumawonetsa kusungunuka bwino m'madzi. Izi ndichifukwa choti maunyolo ang'onoang'ono a polima amakhala ndi malo ofikirako olumikizirana ndi mamolekyu amadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusungunuka mwachangu.
5. Khalidwe Lotupa:
HPMC imatha kutupa kwambiri ikakumana ndi madzi. Kutupa kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha polima cha hydrophilic komanso kuthekera kwake kotengera mamolekyu amadzi. Pamene madzi amalowa mu matrix a polima, amasokoneza mphamvu za intermolecular pakati pa maunyolo a HPMC, zomwe zimatsogolera kulekana kwawo ndi kubalalitsidwa mu zosungunulira.
6. Njira Yobalalitsira:
Kusungunuka kwa HPMC m'madzi kumakhudzidwanso ndi momwe zimakhalira. HPMC ikawonjezeredwa m'madzi, imayamba kunyowetsa, pomwe mamolekyu amadzi amazungulira tinthu ta polima. Kenako, polima particles kumwazikana mu zosungunulira, mothandizidwa ndi mukubwadamuka kapena makina kusanganikirana. Njira yobalalika imayendetsedwa ndi kulumikizana kwa haidrojeni pakati pa HPMC ndi mamolekyu amadzi.
7. Mphamvu ya Ionic ndi pH:
Mphamvu ya ionic ndi pH ya yankho imatha kukhudza kusungunuka kwa HPMC. HPMC imasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi ndi mphamvu yotsika ya ayoni komanso pH yosalowerera ndale. Mayankho amphamvu a ionic kapena zovuta za pH zitha kusokoneza kulumikizana kwa haidrojeni pakati pa HPMC ndi mamolekyu amadzi, potero kumachepetsa kusungunuka kwake.
8. Kutentha:
Kutentha kungakhudzenso kusungunuka kwa HPMC m'madzi. Kawirikawiri, kutentha kwapamwamba kumapangitsanso kusungunuka kwa HPMC chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya kinetic, yomwe imalimbikitsa kayendedwe ka maselo ndi kuyanjana pakati pa polima ndi mamolekyu amadzi.
9. Kukhazikika:
Kuchuluka kwa HPMC mu yankho kumatha kukhudza kusungunuka kwake. Pamalo otsika, HPMC imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi. Komabe, pamene ndende ikuchulukirachulukira, maunyolo a polima amatha kuyamba kuphatikizika kapena kumangiriza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kusungunuka.
10. Udindo Pakupanga Mankhwala:
HPMC chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu formulations mankhwala monga hydrophilic polima kusintha mankhwala solubility, bioavailability, ndi kumasulidwa ankalamulira. Kusungunuka kwake m'madzi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe okhazikika komanso otayika mosavuta monga mapiritsi, makapisozi, ndi zoyimitsidwa.
Kusungunuka kwa HPMC m'madzi kumadziwika ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera ka mankhwala, komwe kumaphatikizapo magulu a hydrophilic hydroxypropyl ndi methoxy, omwe amathandizira kulumikizana kwa haidrojeni ndi mamolekyu amadzi. Zinthu zina monga kuchuluka kwa m'malo, kulemera kwa maselo, kutupa, njira yobalalika, mphamvu ya ayoni, pH, kutentha, ndi kuyika kwake kumakhudzanso kusungunuka kwake. Kumvetsetsa zinthu izi ndikofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito HPMC moyenera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mankhwala, chakudya, zodzoladzola, ndi mafakitale ena.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-21-2024