Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zomwe Zimapangidwa ndi Tondo?

Mortar ndi chisakanizo cha zigawo zingapo, makamaka kuphatikizapo:

1. Simenti ya Portland: Simenti ya Portland ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomangirira mumatope. Imachita ndi madzi kupanga phala la simenti lomwe limamanga zigawo zina pamodzi ndikuuma pakapita nthawi.
2. Mchenga: Mchenga ndi gawo loyamba mumatope ndipo umapereka zochuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza. Zimathandiziranso kuti matopewo azigwira ntchito bwino, azilimba, komanso azilimba. Kukula kwa tinthu tating'ono ndi mtundu wa mchenga womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kumatha kukhudza momwe matopewo amagwirira ntchito.
3. Madzi: Madzi ndi ofunikira kuti asungunuke simenti ndikuyambitsa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti matopewo akhale ovuta. Chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi simenti n'chofunika kwambiri kuti matopewo agwirizane ndi kulimba kwake.
4. Zowonjezera: Zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zitha kuphatikizidwa muzolemba zamatope kuti zithandizire kukulitsa zinthu zinazake kapena magwiridwe antchito. Zowonjezera zina ndi monga ma plasticizer, air-entraining agents, accelerators, retarders, ndi zoletsa madzi.

Zigawozi nthawi zambiri zimasakanizidwa mosiyanasiyana kuti ziphatikizire matope osakanikirana oyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomanga, monga kuyala njerwa, kuyala midadada, stucco, ndi matailosi. Kuchuluka kwake ndi mitundu ya zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matope zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa zomangamanga, momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira, komanso zomwe zimafunidwa ndi matope omalizidwa.