HPMC ndi mtundu wanji wa polima?

HPMC, kapena hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ndi mtundu wa polima wopangidwa ndi cellulose womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale opangira mankhwala, chakudya, komanso chisamaliro chamunthu. Cellulose ndi polima wachilengedwe yemwe amapezeka muzomera ndipo ndizomwe zimakhala zambiri padziko lapansi. Ndi polima liniya wopangidwa ndi ma glucose monomers omwe amalumikizidwa ndi β(1→4) glycosidic bond.

HPMC imapangidwa ndi cellulose yosintha mankhwala ndi magulu a methyl kapena hydroxypropyl. Zosinthazi zitha kupangidwa pochita ma cellulose ndi ma reagents oyenera pamaso pa chothandizira cha asidi. Zomwe zimachitika pakati pa cellulose ndi methyl chloride kapena methyl bromide zimatulutsa methylcellulose, pomwe zomwe zimachitika pakati pa cellulose ndi propylene oxide zimatulutsa hydroxypropyl cellulose. HPMC imapangidwa pophatikiza machitidwe awiriwa kuti adziwitse magulu onse a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl pamsana wa cellulose.

Polima wotulukayo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta omwe amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kuchuluka kwa m'malo (DS) wamagulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl. DS imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxyl olowa m'malo pa unit ya anhydroglucose mumsana wa cellulose. Nthawi zambiri, HPMC imakhala ndi DS ya 1.2 mpaka 2.5 yamagulu a methyl ndi 0.1 mpaka 0.3 yamagulu a hydroxypropyl. Mapangidwe a HPMC amasokonekeranso chifukwa magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl amatha kugawidwa mwachisawawa pamsana wa cellulose, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale polima wosiyanasiyana wokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

HPMC ndi polima yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imapanga chinthu chonga gel pamene imathiridwa madzi. Ma gelation a HPMC amadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza DS, kulemera kwa maselo, komanso kuchuluka kwa polima. Nthawi zambiri, HPMC imapanga gel okhazikika pamalo okwera komanso okhala ndi ma DS apamwamba. Komanso, gelation katundu wa HPMC akhoza kutengera pH, ionic mphamvu, ndi kutentha kwa yankho.

Makhalidwe apadera a HPMC amapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pamapulogalamu ambiri. M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati binder, disintegrant, and film-forming agent m'mapiritsi ndi makapisozi. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kuchokera pamtundu wa mlingo. M'makampani azakudya, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, stabilizer, ndi emulsifier. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa kapena zochepetsetsa kutengera kapangidwe kazakudya zamafuta ambiri. M'makampani osamalira anthu, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera, chopangira mafilimu, ndi emulsifier mu ma shampoos, mafuta odzola, ndi zinthu zina.

Pomaliza, HPMC ndi polima yopangidwa ndi cellulose yomwe imapangidwa ndikusintha ma cellulose ndi magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl. Polima yomwe imachokera imakhala yosungunuka m'madzi ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta omwe amatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa m'malo ndi kugawa kwa magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl. HPMC ndi polima yosunthika yomwe imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'mafakitale azamankhwala, chakudya, komanso chisamaliro chamunthu.