Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi semi-synthetic, madzi sungunuka polima yochokera ku cellulose. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mankhwala, zakudya, zomangamanga, ndi zodzoladzola, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera monga kukhuthala, kumanga, kupanga mafilimu, ndi kukhazikika. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti HPMC ilibe malo osungunuka chifukwa sichimasungunuka ngati zida za crystalline. M'malo mwake, amakumana ndi kuwonongeka kwa kutentha akatenthedwa.
1. Katundu wa HPMC:
HPMC ndi ufa woyera mpaka woyera wopanda fungo, wosungunuka m'madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri za organic. Katundu wake amasiyana malinga ndi zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa m'malo (DS), kulemera kwa mamolekyulu, ndi kugawa kwa tinthu. Kawirikawiri, imakhala ndi makhalidwe awa:
Chikhalidwe chosakhala cha ionic: HPMC sichinyamula magetsi aliwonse munjira yothetsera, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi zida zina zambiri.
Kupanga filimu: HPMC imatha kupanga mafilimu omveka bwino, osinthika akauma, omwe amapeza ntchito mu zokutira, mafilimu, ndi mafomu owongolera otulutsidwa m'zamankhwala.
Thickening agent: Imapereka mamasukidwe akayendedwe ku mayankho, kuwapangitsa kukhala othandiza muzakudya, zodzoladzola, ndi mankhwala.
Hydrophilic: HPMC ili ndi kuyanjana kwakukulu kwamadzi, komwe kumathandizira kusungunuka kwake komanso kupanga mafilimu.
2. Kaphatikizidwe ka HPMC:
HPMC imapangidwa kudzera muzinthu zingapo zamakemikolo zomwe zimaphatikizapo mapadi, propylene oxide, ndi methyl chloride. Njirayi imaphatikizapo etherification ya cellulose ndi propylene oxide yotsatiridwa ndi methylation ndi methyl chloride. Mlingo wolowa m'malo (DS) wamagulu a hydroxypropyl ndi methoxy amatha kuwongoleredwa kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe HPMC imatsatira.
3. Ntchito za HPMC:
Makampani opanga mankhwala: HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chothandizira pakupanga mankhwala, kuphatikiza mapiritsi, makapisozi, njira zamaso, ndi mafomu owongolera omasulidwa.
Makampani opanga zakudya: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonenepa, zokhazikika, komanso zokometsera muzakudya monga sosi, soups, ayisikilimu, ndi zinthu zophika buledi.
Makampani omanga: HPMC imawonjezedwa kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito, kusunga madzi, komanso kumamatira. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu zomatira matailosi, matope, ndi ma renders.
Makampani opanga zodzoladzola: HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zodzikongoletsera zosiyanasiyana monga mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola, ndi ma shampoos chifukwa chakukula kwake komanso kukhazikika.
4. Kutentha kwa HPMC:
Monga tanenera kale, HPMC ilibe malo osungunuka chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake cha amorphous. M'malo mwake, amawonongeka ndi kutentha akatenthedwa. Njira yowonongeka imaphatikizapo kuthyoledwa kwa zomangira za mankhwala mkati mwa tcheni cha polima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zinthu zowonongeka zowonongeka.
The kuwonongeka kutentha kwa HPMC zimadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo maselo ake kulemera, mlingo wa m'malo, ndi kukhalapo kwa zina. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa HPMC kumayamba kuzungulira 200 ° C ndipo kumapitilira ndi kutentha kowonjezereka. Mbiri yakuwonongeka imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa HPMC komanso kuchuluka kwa kutentha.
Pakuwonongeka kwamafuta, HPMC imakumana ndi njira zingapo zofananira, kuphatikiza kutaya madzi m'thupi, depolymerization, ndi kuwonongeka kwamagulu ogwira ntchito. Zinthu zazikulu zowola ndi madzi, mpweya woipa, mpweya wa monoxide, methanol, ndi ma hydrocarbon osiyanasiyana.
5. Njira Zowunikira Kutentha kwa HPMC:
Kutentha kwa HPMC kumatha kuphunziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira, kuphatikiza:
Kusanthula kwa Thermogravimetric (TGA): TGA imayesa kuchepa kwa thupi lachitsanzo monga ntchito ya kutentha, kupereka chidziwitso cha kukhazikika kwake kwa kutentha ndi kuwonongeka kwa kinetics.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC): DSC imayesa kutentha kumalowa kapena kutuluka mu chitsanzo monga momwe kutentha kumakhalira, zomwe zimalola kudziwika kwa kusintha kwa gawo ndi zochitika za kutentha monga kusungunuka ndi kuwonongeka.
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR): FTIR ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira kusintha kwa mankhwala mu HPMC panthawi ya kuwonongeka kwa kutentha powunika kusintha kwa magulu ogwira ntchito ndi mamolekyu.
6. Mapeto:
HPMC ndi polima zosunthika ndi osiyanasiyana ntchito mankhwala, chakudya, zomangamanga, ndi zodzoladzola. Mosiyana ndi zida za crystalline, HPMC ilibe malo osungunuka koma imawonongeka ndi kutentha ikatenthedwa. Kutentha kwa kutentha kumatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndipo kumayambira pafupifupi 200 ° C. Kumvetsetsa zamatenthedwe a HPMC ndikofunikira pakuwongolera ndi kukonza bwino m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-09-2024