Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ndi zotumphukira ziwiri za cellulose, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya, mankhwala, zodzola, zomangira ndi zina. Ngakhale kuti zonsezi zimachokera ku cellulose yachilengedwe ndipo zimapezedwa ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pamapangidwe a mankhwala, physicochemical properties, minda yogwiritsira ntchito ndi zotsatira zogwira ntchito.
1. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala
Chomwe chimapangidwira kwambiri cha carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndikuti magulu a hydroxyl pama cellulose amasinthidwa ndi magulu a carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH). Kusintha kwamankhwala kumeneku kumapangitsa CMC kusungunuka kwambiri m'madzi, makamaka m'madzi kuti apange viscous colloidal solution. Kukhuthala kwa yankho lake kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwake m'malo (mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa m'malo mwa carboxymethyl).
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) imapangidwa ndikusintha magulu a hydroxyl mu cellulose ndi hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH). Gulu la hydroxyethyl mu molekyulu ya HEC limawonjezera kusungunuka kwamadzi ndi hydrophilicity ya cellulose, ndipo limatha kupanga gel pansi pazifukwa zina. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandizira HEC kuwonetsa kukhuthala kwabwino, kuyimitsidwa ndi kukhazikika munjira yamadzi.
2. Thupi ndi mankhwala katundu
Kusungunuka kwamadzi:
CMC ikhoza kusungunuka kwathunthu m'madzi ozizira komanso otentha kuti apange njira yowonekera kapena yowoneka bwino ya colloidal. Yankho lake lili ndi mamasukidwe apamwamba, ndipo kukhuthala kumasintha ndi kutentha ndi pH mtengo. HEC ingathenso kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira ndi otentha, koma poyerekeza ndi CMC, kusungunuka kwake kumakhala pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumatenga nthawi yaitali kuti apange njira yofanana. Njira yothetsera kukhuthala kwa HEC ndiyotsika, koma imakhala ndi kukana bwino kwa mchere komanso kukhazikika.
Kusintha kwa viscosity:
Kukhuthala kwa CMC kumakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi pH mtengo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala apamwamba pansi pa ndale kapena zamchere, koma kukhuthala kwake kumachepetsedwa kwambiri pakakhala acidic kwambiri. Kukhuthala kwa HEC sikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi pH mtengo, kumakhala ndi kukhazikika kwa pH kochulukirapo, ndipo kuli koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana za acidic ndi zamchere.
Kukana mchere:
CMC imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mchere, ndipo kupezeka kwa mchere kudzachepetsa kwambiri kukhuthala kwa yankho lake. HEC, kumbali ina, imasonyeza kukana kwa mchere wambiri ndipo imatha kukhalabe ndi zotsatira zabwino zokometsera pamalo a mchere wambiri. Choncho, HEC ili ndi ubwino woonekeratu mu machitidwe omwe amafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mchere.
3. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito
Makampani azakudya:
CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani azakudya monga thickener, stabilizer ndi emulsifier. Mwachitsanzo, mu zinthu monga ayisikilimu, zakumwa, jamu, ndi sosi, CMC imatha kusintha kukoma ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwalawa. HEC sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'makampani a zakudya ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira zapadera, monga zakudya zochepa zama calorie ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zakudya.
Mankhwala ndi zodzoladzola:
CMC nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapiritsi amankhwala osatha, madzi am'maso, ndi zina zambiri, chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwake ndi chitetezo. HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzodzoladzola monga mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola ndi ma shampoos chifukwa cha mafilimu abwino kwambiri opangira mafilimu komanso opatsa mphamvu, omwe angapereke kumverera bwino komanso kunyowa.
Zomangira:
Pazomangira, zonse za CMC ndi HEC zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera ndi zosungira madzi, makamaka muzopangira simenti ndi gypsum. HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzomangamanga chifukwa cha kukana kwake mchere wabwino komanso kukhazikika, zomwe zimatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga komanso kulimba kwa zida.
Kuchotsa mafuta:
Mu mafuta m'zigawo, CMC, monga chowonjezera pobowola madzimadzi, angathe kulamulira mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kutaya madzi matope. HEC, chifukwa cha kukana kwake kwa mchere wapamwamba komanso kukhuthala kwake, yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamankhwala opangira mafuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola madzimadzi ndi fracturing fluid kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito komanso phindu lazachuma.
4. Kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe
Onse a CMC ndi HEC amachokera ku cellulose yachilengedwe ndipo ali ndi biodegradability yabwino komanso kuyanjana ndi chilengedwe. M’malo achilengedwe, amatha kuipitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipange zinthu zopanda vuto monga mpweya woipa ndi madzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa alibe poizoni komanso alibe vuto, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zomwe zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi thupi la munthu, monga chakudya, mankhwala ndi zodzoladzola.
Ngakhale carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) onse amachokera ku cellulose, ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe amankhwala, physicochemical properties, minda yogwiritsira ntchito ndi zotsatira zake. CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya, zamankhwala, m'zigawo zamafuta ndi magawo ena chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwake kwakukulu komanso kukhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe. HEC, komabe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzodzoladzola, zipangizo zomangira, ndi zina zotero chifukwa cha kukana kwake mchere, kukhazikika komanso kupanga mafilimu. Posankha kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikofunikira kusankha chotengera choyenera kwambiri cha cellulose molingana ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndipo akuyenera kukwaniritsa ntchito yabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-21-2024