Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ether yosunthika ya cellulose yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yomanga, makamaka popanga matope owuma. Makhalidwe ake apadera amathandizira magwiridwe antchito ndi kasamalidwe ka matope, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti zitheke.
Kapangidwe ka Chemical and Synthesis
HPMC imachokera ku cellulose, polima wachilengedwe wopezeka m'makoma a cell a zomera. Amapangidwa kudzera mu etherification ya cellulose ndi methyl chloride ndi propylene oxide. Njirayi imalowa m'malo mwa magulu ena a hydroxyl mu molekyulu ya cellulose ndi magulu a methoxy (-OCH₃) ndi hydroxypropyl (-OCH₂CH(OH)CH₃). Mlingo wolowa m'malo ndi chiŵerengero cha methoxy kwa magulu a hydroxypropyl zimatsimikizira zomwe HPMC ili nazo, monga kusungunuka, kukhuthala, ndi kutentha kwa kutentha.
Katundu wa HPMC mu Dry-Mix Mortar
1. Kusunga madzi
HPMC imathandiza kwambiri kusunga madzi mkati mwa kusakaniza kwamatope. Malo osungira madziwa ndi ofunikira chifukwa amaonetsetsa kuti simenti imayenda bwino, ndikuwonjezera kuchiritsa. Kusungidwa bwino kwa madzi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito yabwino komanso nthawi yayitali yotseguka, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuyanika msanga, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa ndi kusweka. Kuphatikiza apo, zimatsimikizira kupezeka kwamadzi kosasinthika kwa simenti ya hydration, kukonza makina ndi mphamvu ya matope.
2. Kusintha kwa Rheology
HPMC imasintha kwambiri rheology ya matope osakaniza owuma. Imakhala ngati thickener, kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe a matope mix. Katunduyu ndi wofunikira pakuwongolera kuyenda ndi kufalikira kwa matope, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pamalo oyima popanda kugwa. Zimathandizanso kukwaniritsa zigawo zosalala komanso zofananira panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti zimamatira bwino komanso zimagwirizanitsa. Kusintha kwa Rheological ndi HPMC kumawongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi mawonekedwe a matope.
3. Kupititsa patsogolo Kumamatira
HPMC timapitiriza zomatira zimatha youma-kusakaniza matope. Imalimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa matope ndi magawo osiyanasiyana monga njerwa, konkriti, ndi matailosi. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pamagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zomatira matailosi ndi makina otchinjiriza akunja akunja. Kumamatira kokhazikika kumachepetsa mwayi wa delamination ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali kwa matope ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
4. Kugwira ntchito ndi kusasinthasintha
Chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu za HPMC ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kusasinthika kwamatope osakaniza owuma. Zimalola kusakaniza kosavuta ndi ntchito yosalala, kupereka mawonekedwe okoma omwe ndi osavuta kufalikira ndi mawonekedwe. Kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito kumachepetsa kuyesayesa komwe kumafunikira panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yogwira mtima komanso yochepetsetsa ntchito. Zimatsimikiziranso kugawidwa kofanana kwa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri.
5. Kutentha kwa Gelation
HPMC imasonyeza kutentha kwa gelation, kutanthauza kuti imapanga gel osakaniza ikatenthedwa. Katunduyu ndi wopindulitsa pa ntchito zomwe kukana kutentha kumafunika. Panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito matope, kutentha komwe kumapangidwa kungayambitse kuwonjezereka kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, zomwe zimathandiza kusunga mawonekedwe ndi kukhazikika kwa matope ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha kukatsika, gel osakaniza amabwerera ku chikhalidwe chake choyambirira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito.
6. Kulowetsa mpweya
HPMC imatha kuyambitsa ndikukhazikitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya mkati mwa kusakaniza kwamatope. Kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti matope azitha kuzizira kwambiri popereka malo oti makristasi a ayezi achuluke, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mkati ndikupewa kuwonongeka. Kuonjezera apo, mpweya wolowetsedwa umapangitsa kuti matope azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti azitha kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
7. Kugwirizana ndi Zowonjezera Zina
HPMC n'zogwirizana ndi osiyanasiyana zina zowonjezera ambiri ntchito youma-kusakaniza matope matope, monga superplasticizers, retarders, ndi accelerators. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zosakaniza zamatope kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zantchito. Mwachitsanzo, HPMC akhoza kugwira ntchito synergistically ndi superplasticizers kusintha flowability pamene kukhala ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe ankafuna.
8. Kupanga Mafilimu
HPMC imapanga filimu yopyapyala, yosinthika ikaumitsa, yomwe imathandizira kumtunda kwa matope. Kupanga filimuyi kumathandizira kuwongolera kutuluka kwamadzi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya pamwamba ndi kulimba kwa matope. Amaperekanso chitetezo chotetezera chomwe chingathe kusintha kukana kwa nyengo ndi kukana kwa abrasion kwa matope ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
9. Kukaniza chilengedwe
HPMC imapereka kukana zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, kuphatikiza chinyezi, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, ndi kukhudzana ndi mankhwala. Kukaniza kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti matope osakanizika azitha kukhazikika komanso moyo wautali, makamaka m'malo ovuta kapena osiyanasiyana. Zimathandiza kusunga ntchito ndi maonekedwe a matope nthawi yowonjezera, kuchepetsa kufunika kokonza kapena kukonzanso kawirikawiri.
10. Mlingo ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito
Mlingo wa HPMC mumatope osakaniza owuma nthawi zambiri umachokera ku 0.1% mpaka 0.5% pa kulemera kwa kusakaniza kowuma. Mlingo weniweni umatengera zomwe mukufuna komanso mtundu wa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mlingo wokwera ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomatira matayala kuti azitha kumamatira komanso kuti azigwira ntchito bwino, pomwe mlingo wocheperako ukhoza kukhala wokwanira matope ogwiritsidwa ntchito wamba. Kuphatikizidwa kwa HPMC mu kusakaniza kowuma ndikosavuta, ndipo kumatha kumwazikana mosavuta panthawi yosakaniza.
HPMC ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu matope osakaniza owuma chifukwa cha multifunctional katundu. Kutha kwake kusunga madzi, kusintha rheology, kukonza kumamatira, kupititsa patsogolo kugwira ntchito, komanso kupereka kukana kwa chilengedwe kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chowonjezera chofunikira pantchito zosiyanasiyana zomanga. Pomvetsetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyambira za HPMC, opanga ma formula amatha kupanga matope osakaniza owuma omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zamamangidwe amakono.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-14-2024