Ubwino wa cellulose hpmc umatsimikizira mtundu wa matope

Mumatope osakaniza owuma, kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, koma kungathe kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya matope onyowa, ndipo ndicho chowonjezera chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza ntchito yomanga matope. Ma cellulose ethers omwe ali ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana a viscosity ndi zowonjezera zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakugwira ntchito kwa matope a ufa wouma. Pakalipano, matope ambiri omanga ndi pulasitala sakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosungira madzi, ndipo matope amadzi amalekanitsidwa pakangopita mphindi zochepa. Kusungirako madzi ndi ntchito yofunikira ya methyl cellulose ether, komanso ndikuchitanso komwe opanga matope ambiri am'nyumba, makamaka omwe ali kumadera akum'mwera komwe kumatentha kwambiri, amalabadira. Zomwe zimakhudza momwe madzi amasungiramo matope owuma a ufa amaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa HPMC yowonjezeredwa, kukhuthala kwa HPMC, ubwino wa tinthu tating'ono komanso kutentha kwa chilengedwe chogwiritsira ntchito.

1. Lingaliro: Ma cellulose ether ndi polima opangidwa kuchokera ku cellulose wachilengedwe kudzera mukusintha kwamankhwala. Cellulose ether ndi chochokera ku cellulose yachilengedwe. Kupanga kwa cellulose ether ndikosiyana ndi ma polima opangira. Zinthu zake zofunika kwambiri ndi cellulose, gulu lachilengedwe la polima. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilengedwe a cellulose, cellulose palokha sangathe kuchitapo kanthu ndi etherification agents. Komabe, pambuyo pochiza chotupa chotupa, zomangira zamphamvu za haidrojeni pakati pa unyolo wa maselo ndi unyolo zimawonongeka, ndipo kutulutsidwa kogwira kwa gulu la hydroxyl kumakhala cellulose yotakata. Pezani cellulose ether. Makhalidwe a cellulose ethers amadalira mtundu, chiwerengero ndi kugawa kwa zolowa m'malo. Magulu a cellulose ethers amatengeranso mtundu wa zolowa m'malo, digiri ya etherification, solubility ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito. Malinga ndi mtundu wa zolowa m'malo pa unyolo wa maselo, imatha kugawidwa kukhala monoether ndi ether wosakanikirana. HPMC yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi ether yosakanikirana. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether HPMC ndi chinthu chopezedwa polowa m'malo mwa gulu la hydroxyl pa unit ndi gulu la methoxy ndi gawo lina ndi gulu la hydroxypropyl. Mapangidwe ake ndi [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)) CH3] n] x

HPMC zimagwiritsa ntchito zomangira, lalabala zokutira, mankhwala, tsiku mankhwala, etc. Ntchito monga thickener, madzi posungira wothandizila, stabilizer, dispersant ndi filimu kupanga wothandizira.

2. Kusungirako madzi a cellulose ether: Popanga zida zomangira, makamaka matope owuma a ufa, ether ya cellulose imagwira ntchito yosasinthika, makamaka popanga matope apadera (matope osinthidwa), ndizofunikira komanso zofunika kwambiri. Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya madzi sungunuka mapadi etero mu matope makamaka ali mbali zitatu, mmodzi kwambiri madzi posungira mphamvu, wina ndi chikoka pa kusasinthasintha ndi thixotropy wa matope, ndipo chachitatu ndi mogwirizana ndi simenti. Mphamvu yosungira madzi ya cellulose ether imadalira kuyamwa kwamadzi kwa gawo loyambira, kapangidwe ka matope, makulidwe a matope, kuchuluka kwa madzi kwa matope, komanso nthawi yoyika zinthu. Kusungidwa kwamadzi kwa cellulose ether komweko kumachokera ku kusungunuka ndi kutaya madzi m'thupi kwa cellulose ether yokha. Monga ife tonse tikudziwa, ngakhale cellulose maselo unyolo muli ambiri hydratable OH magulu kwambiri hydratable, si sungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa mapadi kapangidwe ndi mkulu digiri crystallinity. Mphamvu ya hydration yamagulu a hydroxyl yokha sikokwanira kuphimba zomangira zamphamvu za haidrojeni ndi mphamvu za van der Waals pakati pa mamolekyu. Choncho, zimangotupa koma sizisungunuka m'madzi. Pamene cholowa m'malo anadzetsa mu unyolo maselo, osati m'malo kuwononga unyolo wa haidrojeni, komanso interchain wa haidrojeni chomangira anawonongedwa chifukwa wedging wa m'malo pakati moyandikana unyolo. Cholowa m'malo chimakhala chachikulu, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pa mamolekyu ndi waukulu. Kuchuluka kwa mtunda. Zotsatira zazikulu za kuwononga zomangira za haidrojeni, cellulose ether imakhala yosungunuka m'madzi pambuyo poti latisi ya cellulose ikuchulukira ndipo yankho limalowa, ndikupanga yankho lapamwamba kwambiri. Kutentha kukakwera, hydration ya polima imafooka, ndipo madzi pakati pa maunyolo amathamangitsidwa. Pamene kuchepa madzi m'thupi zotsatira zokwanira, mamolekyu amayamba aggregate, kupanga atatu azithunzithunzi maukonde dongosolo gel osakaniza ndi apangidwe kunja. Zomwe zimakhudza kusungidwa kwamadzi mumatope zimaphatikizapo kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether, kuchuluka kwake, kununkhira kwa tinthu tating'ono komanso kutentha kwa ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether, kumapangitsa kuti madzi asungidwe bwino. Nthawi zambiri, kukwezeka kwa mamachulukidwe kumapangitsa kuti madzi asungidwe bwino. The apamwamba mamasukidwe akayendedwe, ndi zoonekeratu kwambiri thickening zotsatira pa matope, koma si mwachindunji molingana. Kukwera kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe, m'pamenenso matope onyowa amakhala owoneka bwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti, pakumanga, amawonetsedwa ngati kumamatira ku scraper ndi kumamatira kwakukulu ku gawo lapansi. Koma sizothandiza kuwonjezera mphamvu zamapangidwe a dothi lonyowa palokha. Pakumanga, ntchito yotsutsa-sag sizowonekera. Kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether kuwonjezeredwa kumatope, kumapangitsa kuti madzi asamasungidwe bwino, komanso kukwezeka kwa viscosity, ndi bwino kusunga madzi. Ponena za kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timasunga bwino madzi. Pambuyo pa tinthu tating'ono ta cellulose ether takumana ndi madzi, pamwamba pake nthawi yomweyo amasungunuka ndikupanga gel osakaniza kuti ateteze mamolekyu amadzi kuti asapitirire kulowa. Nthawi zina sangathe kumwazikana mofanana ndi kusungunuka ngakhale atagwedezeka kwa nthawi yaitali, kupanga njira yothetsera mitambo kapena agglomeration. Zimakhudza kwambiri kusungidwa kwamadzi kwa cellulose ether, ndipo kusungunuka ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimasankha cellulose ether. Fineness ndiwonso index yofunikira ya methyl cellulose ether. The HPMC ntchito youma ufa matope chofunika kukhala ufa, ndi okhutira madzi otsika, ndi fineness amafunanso 20% ~ 60% ya tinthu kukula kukhala zosakwana 63um. Ubwino wake umakhudza kusungunuka kwa methyl cellulose ether. Coarse MC nthawi zambiri imakhala granular, ndipo ndiyosavuta kusungunuka m'madzi popanda agglomeration, koma kusungunuka kumakhala pang'onopang'ono, kotero sikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumatope a ufa wouma. Mu matope owuma a ufa, MC imamwazikana pakati pa zinthu zopangira simenti monga zophatikiza, zodzaza bwino ndi simenti, ndipo ufa wokwanira wokwanira ungapewe methyl cellulose ether agglomeration mukasakaniza ndi madzi. Pamene HPMC ndi anawonjezera ndi madzi kupasuka ndi agglomerates, ndi zovuta kumwazikana ndi kupasuka. Kwa matope opopera omwe amapangidwa ndi makina, kufunikira kwa fineness ndipamwamba chifukwa cha nthawi yochepa yosakaniza. Ubwino wa HPMC umakhudzanso kusungidwa kwa madzi. Nthawi zambiri, ma etha a methyl cellulose okhala ndi kukhuthala kofanana koma fineness yosiyana, pansi pa kuchuluka komweko, kuwongolera bwino kumapangitsa kuti madzi asungidwe bwino. Kusungidwa kwa madzi kwa HPMC kumagwirizananso ndi kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kusunga madzi kwa methyl cellulose ether kumachepa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha. Komabe, muzinthu zenizeni, matope a ufa wowuma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo otentha kwambiri (oposa madigiri 40) m'madera ambiri, monga kunja kwa khoma la putty pulasitala pansi pa dzuwa m'chilimwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimathandizira Kuchiritsa simenti ndi kuumitsa kwa simenti. ufa wouma matope. Kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi osungira madzi kumabweretsa kumverera koonekeratu kuti zonse zogwira ntchito komanso kukana kwa ming'alu zimakhudzidwa, ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kutentha pansi pa chikhalidwe ichi.

3. Makulidwe ndi thixotropy wa mapadi etere: Yachiwiri ntchito ya mapadi efa-thickening zotsatira zimadalira: mlingo wa polymerization wa mapadi efa, njira ndende, kutentha ndi zina. Katundu wa gelling wa yankho ndi wapadera kwa alkyl cellulose ndi zotuluka zake zosinthidwa. Makhalidwe a gelation amakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa m'malo, ndende ya yankho ndi zowonjezera. Kwa zotumphukira zosinthidwa za hydroxyalkyl, mawonekedwe a gel amalumikizananso ndi digiri yakusintha kwa hydroxyalkyl. Pakuti otsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe HPMC njira, 10% -15% ndende njira akhoza kukonzekera, sing'anga mamasukidwe akayendedwe HPMC akhoza kukonzekera 5% -10% yankho, ndi mkulu-makamakamakamaka HPMC akhoza kukonzekera 2% -3% yankho, ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe Ma cellulose ether nthawi zambiri amapangidwanso ndi 1% -2% yankho. Kulemera kwa maselo a cellulose ether kumakhala kolimba kwambiri. Ma polima okhala ndi zolemetsa zosiyanasiyana zama cell amakhala ndi ma viscosity osiyanasiyana munjira yofananira. Mkulu digiri ya polymerization. Chandamale mamasukidwe akayendedwe angapezeke kokha ndi kuwonjezera kuchuluka otsika maselo kulemera cellulose ether. Kukhuthala kwake kumadalira pang'ono kumeta ubweya wa ubweya, ndipo kukhuthala kwapamwamba kumafika kukhuthala kwa chandamale, ndipo kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira kumakhala kochepa, ndipo kukhuthala kumadalira kukhuthala kwamphamvu. Choncho, kuti akwaniritse kusasinthasintha kwina, kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether (kukhazikika kwa yankho) ndi kukhuthala kwa yankho ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Kutentha kwa gel osakaniza kumachepetsanso mofanana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya yankho, ndi gel osakaniza kutentha kwa firiji atatha kufika pamtundu wina. The gelling ndende ya HPMC ndi mkulu kutentha firiji. Kusasinthasintha kungasinthidwenso posankha kukula kwa tinthu ndikusankha ma cellulose ethers ndi magawo osiyanasiyana akusintha. Zomwe zimatchedwa kusinthidwa ndikuyambitsa njira ina yosinthira magulu a hydroxyalkyl pamapangidwe a mafupa a MC. Posintha zikhalidwe zolowa m'malo mwazolowa m'malo awiriwo, ndiye kuti, DS ndi ms m'malo mwa magulu a methoxy ndi hydroxyalkyl omwe timanena nthawi zambiri. Zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito za cellulose ether zitha kupezeka posintha kusintha kwazinthu ziwirizo. Ubale pakati pa kusasinthasintha ndi kusinthidwa: kuwonjezeredwa kwa cellulose ether kumakhudza kumwa madzi kwa matope, kusintha madzi-binder chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi simenti ndi thickening zotsatira, apamwamba mlingo, kwambiri kumwa madzi. Ma cellulose ethers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomangamanga za ufa ayenera kusungunuka mwachangu m'madzi ozizira ndikupereka kusasinthika koyenera kwa dongosolo. Palinso ubale wabwino wa mzere pakati pa kusasinthika kwa phala la simenti ndi mlingo wa cellulose ether. Selulosi ether akhoza kwambiri kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe a matope. Mlingo waukulu kwambiri, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoonekeratu. High-viscosity cellulose ether amadzimadzi njira ali mkulu thixotropy, amenenso ndi khalidwe lalikulu la mapadi ether. Chifukwa chake, ma cellulose ethers a kalasi yofanana ya viscosity nthawi zonse amawonetsa mawonekedwe a rheological bola ngati ndende ndi kutentha zimasungidwa nthawi zonse. Ma gels apangidwe amapangidwa pamene kutentha kumakwera, ndipo kutuluka kwa thixotropic kwambiri kumachitika. Mkulu ndende ndi otsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe mapadi ethers amasonyeza thixotropy ngakhale pansi pa kutentha gel osakaniza. Katunduyu ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri pakuwongolera kusanja ndi kugwa pakupanga matope omangira. Payenera kufotokozedwa apa kuti kukwezeka kwa kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether, kusungika kwamadzi kwabwino, koma kukhuthala kwamphamvu, kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa maselo a cellulose ether, komanso kuchepa kofananira ndi kusungunuka kwake, komwe kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. pa ndende yamatope ndi ntchito yomanga. The apamwamba mamasukidwe akayendedwe, zoonekeratu kwambiri thickening zotsatira pa matope, koma si kokwanira molingana. Kukhuthala kwina kwapakatikati ndi kotsika, koma ether yosinthidwa ya cellulose imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino pakuwongolera mphamvu zamapangidwe amatope onyowa. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kasungidwe kamadzi ka cellulose ether kumapita bwino.

4. Kuchepetsa kwa cellulose ether: Ntchito yachitatu ya cellulose ether ndikuchedwetsa njira ya hydration ya simenti. Ma cellulose ether amawonjezera matope okhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopindulitsa, komanso amachepetsa kutentha koyambirira kwa simenti ndikuchedwetsa hydration dynamic process ya simenti. Izi sizothandiza kugwiritsa ntchito matope m'madera ozizira. Kuchedwetsaku kumachitika chifukwa cha kutengeka kwa ma cellulose ether mamolekyu pa zinthu za hydration monga CSH ndi ca(OH)2. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a pore yankho, mapadi ether amachepetsa kuyenda kwa ayoni mu yankho, potero kuchedwa hydration ndondomeko. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa cellulose ether mu mineral gel zakuthupi, m'pamenenso zimawonekera kwambiri kuchedwa kwa hydration. Cellulose ether sikungochedwetsa kukhazikitsa, komanso kuchedwetsa kuuma kwa dongosolo la matope a simenti. The retarding zotsatira za cellulose ether zimadalira ndende yake mu mchere gel osakaniza dongosolo, komanso dongosolo mankhwala. Kuchepetsa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa cellulose ether, kumapangitsanso kuchepa kwa hydrophilic m'malo kuposa kuwonjezera madzi m'malo. Komabe, kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether sikukhudza kwenikweni ma kinetics a simenti. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa cellulose ether okhutira, kuika nthawi ya matope kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Pali mgwirizano wabwino wopanda mzere pakati pa nthawi yoyambira yoyika matope ndi zomwe zili mu cellulose ether, komanso kulumikizana kwabwino kwa mzere pakati pa nthawi yomaliza yokhazikitsa ndi zomwe zili mu cellulose ether. Titha kuwongolera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito matope mwa kusintha kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether. Mwachidule, mumatope osakanikirana, cellulose ether amathandizira kusunga madzi, kukhuthala, kuchedwetsa mphamvu ya simenti ya hydration, komanso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga. Kusunga madzi abwino kumapangitsa kuti simenti ikhale yokwanira, imatha kusintha kukhuthala konyowa kwamatope, kuonjezera mphamvu yomangirira yamatope, ndikusintha nthawi. Kuonjezera cellulose ether ku makina kupopera matope matope akhoza kupititsa patsogolo kupopera kapena kupopera ntchito ndi structural mphamvu ya matope. Chifukwa chake, ether ya cellulose ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chowonjezera chofunikira mumatope osakaniza okonzeka.