Digiri ya M'malo Kutsimikiza Njira ya Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose

Kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa m'malo (DS) kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndikofunikira pakuwongolera bwino komanso kuwonetsetsa kusasinthika kwazinthu ndi magwiridwe ake. Njira zingapo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa DS ya CMC, ndi njira zamatchulidwe ndi ma spectroscopic zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Nawa kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane njira ya titration yodziwira DS ya sodium CMC:

1. Mfundo:

• Njira ya titration imadalira zomwe zimachitika pakati pa magulu a carboxymethyl mu CMC ndi yankho lokhazikika la maziko olimba, nthawi zambiri sodium hydroxide (NaOH), pansi pamikhalidwe yoyendetsedwa.
• Magulu a Carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH) mu CMC amachita ndi NaOH kupanga sodium carboxylate (-CH2-COONA) ndi madzi. Kukula kwa machitidwewa ndi ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa magulu a carboxymethyl omwe amapezeka mu molekyulu ya CMC.

2. Ma reagents ndi Zida:

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) muyezo njira yodziwika ndende.
• Chithunzi cha CMC.
• Chizindikiro cha acid-base (mwachitsanzo, phenolphthalein).
• Burette.
• Botolo la conical.
• Madzi osungunuka.
• Stirrer kapena magnetic stirrer.
• Kuwerengera bwino.
• pH mita kapena pepala losonyeza.

3. Ndondomeko:

1. Kukonzekera Zitsanzo:
   • Yezerani kuchuluka kwachitsanzo cha CMC molondola pogwiritsa ntchito masinthidwe owerengera.
   • Sungunulani chitsanzo cha CMC mu voliyumu yodziwika ya madzi osungunuka kuti mukonzekere yankho la ndende yodziwika. Onetsetsani kusakaniza bwino kuti mupeze yankho la homogeneous.
2. Titration:
   • Pipette voliyumu yoyezedwa ya yankho la CMC mu botolo la conical.
   • Onjezani madontho ochepa a chizindikiro cha acid-base (mwachitsanzo, phenolphthalein) ku botolo. Chizindikirocho chiyenera kusintha mtundu kumapeto kwa titration, pafupifupi pH 8.3-10.
   • Titrate yankho la CMC ndi yankho la NaOH lokhazikika kuchokera ku burette ndikuyambitsa nthawi zonse. Lembani kuchuluka kwa yankho la NaOH lomwe lawonjezeredwa.
   • Pitirizani kuwerengera mpaka mapeto afika, akuwonetsedwa ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa mtundu wa chizindikiro.
3. Kuwerengera:
   • Kuwerengera DS ya CMC pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi:
   $��=�\times �\times �NaOH�CMC$

   DS=mCMCV×N×MNaOH

   Kumene:

   • $��$

     DS = Digiri ya Kusintha.

   • $�$

     V = Volume ya yankho la NaOH logwiritsidwa ntchito (mu malita).

   • $�$

     N = Normality ya NaOH solution.

   • $�NaOH$

     MNaOH = Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya NaOH (g/mol).

   • $�CMC$

     mCMC = Unyinji wa zitsanzo za CMC zogwiritsidwa ntchito (mu magalamu).

4. Kutanthauzira:
   • DS yowerengeka imayimira kuchuluka kwamagulu a carboxymethyl pagawo la glucose mu molekyulu ya CMC.
   • Bwerezani kusanthula kangapo ndikuwerengera pafupifupi DS kuti muwonetsetse kuti zotsatira zake ndi zolondola komanso zodalirika.

4. Zoganizira:

• Onetsetsani kuwerengetsa koyenera kwa zida ndi kukhazikika kwa ma reagents kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola.
• Gwiritsani ntchito njira ya NaOH mosamala chifukwa ndiyowopsa ndipo imatha kuyambitsa kuyaka.
• Chitani titration pansi pazikhalidwe zolamulidwa kuti muchepetse zolakwika ndi kusinthasintha.
• Tsimikizirani njirayo pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zolozera kapena kusanthula kofananiza ndi njira zina zovomerezeka.

Potsatira njira ya titration iyi, kuchuluka kwa m'malo mwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) kumatha kutsimikiziridwa molondola, kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira pakuwongolera komanso kupanga mapangidwe m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.