Kaphatikizidwe ndi katundu wa Water-soluble cellulose ether superplasticizer

Kuphatikiza apo, cellulose ya thonje idakonzedwa kuti ikwaniritse digiri ya Ling-off ya polymerization ndipo idachitidwa ndi sodium hydroxide, 1,4 monobutylsulfonolate (1,4, butanesultone). sulfobutylated cellulose ether (SBC) yokhala ndi kusungunuka kwamadzi yabwino idapezedwa. Zotsatira za kutentha kwa zomwe zimachitika, nthawi yochitira ndi chiŵerengero cha zinthu zopangira pa butyl sulfonate cellulose ether zinaphunziridwa. The mulingo woyenera kwambiri anachita zinthu anapezedwa, ndi dongosolo la mankhwala yodziwika ndi FTIR. Pophunzira zotsatira za SBC pa katundu wa simenti phala ndi matope, anapeza kuti mankhwala ali ofanana madzi kuchepetsa zotsatira naphthalene mndandanda kuchepetsa wothandizila madzi, ndi fluidity posungira bwino kuposa mndandanda naphthalene.kuchepetsa madzi. SBC yokhala ndi kukhuthala kosiyanasiyana ndi sulfure ili ndi magawo osiyanasiyana obweza katundu wa phala la simenti. Chifukwa chake, SBC ikuyembekezeka kukhala chochepetsera madzi, kuchedwetsa wochepetsera kwambiri madzi, ngakhale wochepetsera kwambiri madzi. Makhalidwe ake amatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kapangidwe kake ka maselo.

Mawu ofunikira:cellulose; Equilibrium digiri ya polymerization; Butyl sulfonate cellulose ether; Madzi ochepetsera

Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito konkire yapamwamba kwambiri kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha konkire yochepetsera madzi. Ndi chifukwa cha maonekedwe a madzi kuchepetsa wothandizira kuti konkire akhoza kuonetsetsa ntchito mkulu, durability wabwino komanso mphamvu mkulu. Pakali pano, pali makamaka mitundu zotsatirazi zothandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa wothandizila madzi ambiri ntchito: naphthalene mndandanda madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila (SNF), sulfonated utomoni mndandanda madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila (SMF), amino sulfonate mndandanda madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila (ASP), kusinthidwa lignosulfonate mndandanda wochepetsera madzi (ML), ndi polycarboxylic acid mndandanda wochepetsera madzi (PC), yomwe imagwira ntchito kwambiri pakufufuza zamakono. Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer ili ndi ubwino wotaya nthawi yaying'ono, mlingo wochepa komanso madzimadzi ambiri a konkire. Komabe, chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba, ndizovuta kufalitsa ku China. Chifukwa chake, naphthalene superplasticizer akadali ntchito yayikulu ku China. Zinthu zambiri zochepetsera madzi zimagwiritsa ntchito formaldehyde ndi zinthu zina zosakhazikika zokhala ndi mamolekyu ochepa, zomwe zimatha kuwononga chilengedwe popanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Kukula konkriti admixtures kunyumba ndi kunja akukumana ndi kusowa kwa zipangizo mankhwala, kukwera mtengo ndi mavuto ena. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zotsika mtengo komanso zochulukira zongowonjezwdwa zachilengedwe monga zopangira kuti mukhale ndi ma admixtures atsopano apamwamba a konkriti adzakhala phunziro lofunikira la kafukufuku wa konkriti admixtures. Wowuma ndi mapadi ndi omwe amayimira zinthu zamtunduwu. Chifukwa cha gwero lawo lalikulu la zopangira, zongowonjezedwanso, zosavuta kuchita ndi ma reagents, zotumphukira zawo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Pakalipano, kafukufuku wa sulfonated starch monga wochepetsera madzi wapita patsogolo. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku wazinthu zosungunuka za cellulose zosungunuka m'madzi monga zochepetsera madzi wakopanso chidwi cha anthu. Liu Weizhe et al. adagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa ubweya wa thonje ngati zopangira kuti apange cellulose sulfate yokhala ndi kulemera kosiyanasiyana kwa ma molekyulu ndi kuchuluka kwa m'malo. Pamene digiri yake m'malo ndi mu osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana, akhoza kusintha fluidity wa simenti slurry ndi mphamvu ya simenti consolidation thupi. Patent imanena kuti zotumphukira zina za polysaccharide kudzera muzochita zamankhwala kuyambitsa magulu amphamvu a hydrophilic, zitha kupezeka pa simenti ndi kubalalitsidwa bwino kwa zotumphukira za polysaccharide zosungunuka m'madzi, monga sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl sulfonate cellulose ndi zina zotero. Komabe, Knaus et al. adapeza kuti CHEC ikuwoneka kuti siyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati konkriti yochepetsera madzi. Pokhapokha pamene gulu la sulfonic acid limayambitsidwa mu CMC ndi mamolekyu a CMHEC, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa maselo ndi 1.0 × 105 ~ 1.5 × 105 g/mol, ikhoza kukhala ndi ntchito ya konkire yochepetsera madzi. Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana ngati zotumphukira za cellulose zosungunuka m'madzi ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zochepetsera madzi, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri yamafuta osungunuka a cellulose osungunuka m'madzi, kotero ndikofunikira kuchita kafukufuku wozama komanso mwadongosolo pa kaphatikizidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zotumphukira zatsopano za cellulose.

Mu pepala, thonje mapadi ntchito poyambira zinthu kukonzekera bwino polymerization digiri mapadi, ndiyeno kudzera sodium hydroxide alkalization, kusankha yoyenera anachita kutentha, anachita nthawi ndi 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone anachita, kumayambiriro sulfonic asidi gulu pa mapadi. mamolekyu, anapezerapo madzi sungunuka butyl sulfonic asidi mapadi ether (SBC) dongosolo kusanthula ndi kuyesera ntchito. Kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito ngati chochepetsera madzi kunakambidwa.

1. Yesani

1.1 Zopangira ndi zida

thonje loyamwa; Sodium hydroxide (analytical pure); Hydrochloric acid (36% ~ 37% yankho lamadzimadzi, kusanthula koyera); Mowa wa Isopropyl (woyera mwadongosolo); 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone (kalasi ya mafakitale, yoperekedwa ndi Siping Fine Chemical Plant); 32.5R wamba Portland simenti (Dalian Onoda Cement Factory); Naphthalene mndandanda wa superplasticizer (SNF, Dalian Sicca).

Spectrum One-B Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer, yopangidwa ndi Perkin Elmer.

IRIS Advantage Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (IcP-AEs), yopangidwa ndi Thermo Jarrell Ash Co.

ZETAPLUS kuthekera kosanthula (Brookhaven Instruments, USA) idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kuthekera kwa matope a simenti osakanikirana ndi SBC.

1.2 Njira yokonzekera ya SBC

Choyamba, ma polymerization degree degree cellulose adakonzedwa molingana ndi njira zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mabuku. Mulingo wina wa thonje wa cellulose udayezedwa ndikuwonjezedwa mu botolo lanjira zitatu. Pansi pa chitetezo cha nayitrogeni, kuchepetsa hydrochloric acid ndi ndende ya 6% kunawonjezeredwa, ndipo kusakaniza kunalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Kenako idayimitsidwa ndi mowa wa isopropyl mu botolo lapakamwa patatu, lopangidwa ndi alkalized kwa nthawi inayake ndi 30% sodium hydroxide amadzimadzi, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone, ndikugwetsera mu botolo lapakamwa patatu, kugwedezeka pamutu. nthawi yomweyo, ndi kusunga kutentha kwa nthawi zonse kutentha madzi kusamba khola. Pambuyo pakuchitapo kanthu kwakanthawi, mankhwalawa adakhazikika kutentha kwachipinda, kutenthedwa ndi mowa wa isopropyl, amapopedwa ndikusefedwa, ndipo zinthu zopanda pake zidapezeka. Pambuyo kutsuka ndi methanol amadzimadzi njira kangapo, kupopa ndi osefedwa, mankhwala potsiriza vacuum zouma pa 60 ℃ ntchito.

1.3 Muyeso wa magwiridwe antchito a SBC

The mankhwala SBC anasungunuka mu 0.1 mol/L NaNO3 amadzimadzi njira, ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe mfundo dilution aliyense chitsanzo ankayezedwa ndi Ustner viscometer kuwerengera khalidwe mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Zomwe sulfure zomwe zidapangidwazo zidatsimikiziridwa ndi chida cha ICP - AES. Zitsanzo za SBC zidatengedwa ndi acetone, vacuum zouma, ndiyeno pafupifupi 5 mg zitsanzo zidatsitsidwa ndikukanikizidwa pamodzi ndi KBr pokonzekera zitsanzo. Kuyesa kwa infrared spectrum kunachitika pa SBC ndi zitsanzo za cellulose. Kuyimitsidwa kwa simenti kunakonzedwa ndi chiŵerengero cha madzi-simenti cha 400 ndi chochepetsera madzi cha 1% cha simenti. Kuthekera kwake kunayesedwa mkati mwa 3 min.

Simenti slurry fluidity ndi simenti matope kuchepetsa madzi mlingo amayezedwa molingana ndi GB/T 8077-2000 "Mayeso njira yofananira admixture konkire", mw/me = 0.35. Kuyesedwa kwa nthawi ya phala la simenti kumachitika molingana ndi GB/T 1346-2001 "Njira Yoyesera Yogwiritsira Ntchito Madzi, Kukhazikitsa Nthawi ndi Kukhazikika kwa Cement Standard Consistency". Simenti matope compressive mphamvu malinga ndi GB/T 17671-1999 "simenti matope mphamvu mayeso Njira (IS0 njira)" njira kutsimikiza.

2. Zotsatira ndi zokambirana

2.1 Kusanthula kwa IR kwa SBC

Mawonekedwe a infrared a cellulose yaiwisi ndi zinthu za SBC. Chifukwa chiwongolero cha mayamwidwe a S - C ndi S - H ndi chofooka kwambiri, sichiyenera kuzindikiridwa, pamene s = o ali ndi chiwongolero champhamvu cha kuyamwa. Chifukwa chake, kukhalapo kwa gulu la sulfonic acid mu kapangidwe ka maselo kungadziwike pozindikira kukhalapo kwa S=O pachimake. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a infuraredi a cellulose yaiwisi ndi zinthu za SBC, mu mawonekedwe a cellulose, pamakhala chiwopsezo champhamvu choyamwa pafupi ndi mafunde a 3350 cm-1, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi hydroxyl stretching vibration pachimake mu cellulose. Kumayambiriro kwamphamvu kwambiri pafupi ndi mafunde nambala 2 900 cm-1 ndi methylene (CH2 1) yotambasula pachimake cha kugwedezeka. Magulu angapo opangidwa ndi 1060, 1170, 1120 ndi 1010 cm-1 amawonetsa nsonga zotambasula za mayamwidwe a gulu la hydroxyl komanso nsonga zopindika za mayamwidwe a ether bond (C - o - C). Nambala yozungulira yozungulira 1650 cm-1 ikuwonetsa nsonga ya mayamwidwe a haidrojeni opangidwa ndi gulu la hydroxyl ndi madzi aulere. Gulu la 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 likuwonetsa mawonekedwe a crystalline a cellulose. Mu mawonekedwe a IR a SBC, mphamvu ya gulu 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 imafooka. Mphamvu ya nsonga ya mayamwidwe pafupi ndi 1650 cm-1 inakula, kusonyeza kuti luso lopanga ma hydrogen bond linalimbikitsidwa. Mayamwidwe amphamvu adawonekera pa 1180,628 cm-1, omwe sanawonetsedwe mu infrared spectroscopy ya cellulose. Yoyamba inali chiwongolero cha mayamwidwe a s=o chomangira, pomwe chomaliza chinali nsonga ya mayamwidwe a s=o bond. Malinga ndi kusanthula pamwamba, sulfonic asidi gulu alipo pa maselo unyolo wa mapadi pambuyo etherification anachita.

2.2 Chikoka cha zomwe zimachitika pakuchita kwa SBC

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa zomwe zimachitika ndi zinthu za SBC kuti kutentha, nthawi yochitira ndi chiŵerengero cha zinthu zimakhudza katundu wa zinthu zopangidwa. Kusungunuka kwa zinthu za SBC kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yofunikira kuti 1g mankhwala asungunuke kwathunthu mu 100mL madzi osungunuka kutentha; Pakuyesa kuchepetsa madzi amatope, zomwe zili mu SBC ndi 1.0% ya simenti. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza mapadi amapangidwa makamaka ndi anhydroglucose unit (AGU), kuchuluka kwa cellulose kumawerengedwa ngati AGU pamene chiŵerengero cha reactant chikuwerengedwa. Poyerekeza ndi SBCl ~ SBC5, SBC6 ili ndi mawonekedwe otsika amkati komanso sulfure yapamwamba kwambiri, komanso kuchepetsa madzi mumatope ndi 11.2%. Kukhuthala kwa mawonekedwe a SBC kumatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwake kwa maselo. High khalidwe mamasukidwe akayendedwe amasonyeza kuti wachibale maselo misa lalikulu. Komabe, pa nthawi ino, mamasukidwe akayendedwe a amadzimadzi njira ndi ndende yemweyo mosalephera kuwonjezeka, ndi kuyenda ufulu wa macromolecules adzakhala ochepa, amene si abwino adsorption ake pamwamba pa simenti particles, motero zimakhudza kusewera madzi. kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa SBC. The sulfure zili SBC ndi mkulu, kusonyeza kuti butyl sulfonate m'malo digiri ndi mkulu, SBC molekyulu unyolo amanyamula zambiri mlandu nambala, ndi simenti particles pamwamba zotsatira ndi amphamvu, kotero kubalalitsidwa ake particles simenti ndi wamphamvu.

Mu etherification wa mapadi, pofuna kupititsa patsogolo digiri ya etherification ndi khalidwe la mankhwala, njira ya etherification yambiri ya alkalization imagwiritsidwa ntchito. SBC7 ndi SBC8 ndizinthu zomwe zimapezedwa ndi alkalization etherification mobwerezabwereza kwa 1 ndi 2 nthawi, motsatana. Mwachionekere, khalidwe lawo mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi otsika ndi sulfure okhutira ndi mkulu, komaliza madzi solubility zabwino, kuchepetsa mlingo wa madzi a simenti matope akhoza kufika 14,8% ndi 16,5%, motero. Chifukwa chake, m'mayeso otsatirawa, SBC6, SBC7 ndi SBC8 amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zofufuzira kuti akambirane zotsatira zake pakugwiritsa ntchito simenti ndi matope.

2.3 Mphamvu ya SBC pa katundu wa simenti

2.3.1 Mphamvu ya SBC pamadzimadzi a phala la simenti

Mphamvu yopindika ya zinthu zochepetsera madzi pamadzi a phala la simenti. SNF ndi naphthalene series superplasticizer. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pamapindikira azomwe zili mumadzi ochepetsera pamadzi pamadzi a simenti, pomwe zomwe zili mu SBC8 ndi zosakwana 1.0%, kuchuluka kwa simenti phala kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zili, komanso zotsatira zake. ndi zofanana ndi SNF. Zomwe zili pamwambazi zimaposa 1.0%, kukula kwa madzi a slurry kumachepetsa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mphunoyo imalowa papulatifomu. Zitha kuganiziridwa kuti zomwe zili mu SBC8 ndi pafupifupi 1.0%. SBC6 ndi SBC7 analinso ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi SBC8, koma machulukitsidwe awo anali okwera kwambiri kuposa SBC8, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi oyeretsera koyera sikunali kokwera ngati SBC8. Komabe, zomwe zili mu SNF zili pafupifupi 0.7% ~ 0.8%. Pamene zomwe zili mu SNF zikupitirizabe kuwonjezeka, madzi amadzimadzi amadzimadzi akupitirizabe kuwonjezeka, koma malinga ndi mphete ya magazi, zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti kuwonjezeka panthawiyi kumayambitsidwa ndi kulekanitsa kwa madzi otuluka magazi ndi simenti slurry. Pomaliza, ngakhale kuti zomwe zili mu SBC ndizokwera kuposa za SNF, palibe chodziwika bwino chotuluka magazi pomwe zomwe zili mu SBC zimaposa zomwe zili zodzaza ndi zambiri. Choncho, zikhoza kuweruzidwa poyamba kuti SBC ili ndi zotsatira zochepetsera madzi komanso imakhala ndi madzi ena osungira madzi, omwe ndi osiyana ndi SNF. Ntchitoyi iyenera kuphunziridwa mowonjezereka.

Zitha kuwonedwa kuchokera pamapindikira a ubale pakati pa fluidity ya simenti phala ndi 1.0% madzi kuchepetsa wothandizira zili ndi nthawi kuti fluidity kutaya kwa simenti phala wothira SBC ndi kochepa kwambiri mkati 120min, makamaka SBC6, amene fluidity koyamba ndi pafupifupi 200mm. , ndipo kutayika kwa madzimadzi kumakhala kosakwana 20%. Kutayika kwa warp kwa slurry fluidity kunali mu dongosolo la SNF>SBC8>SBC7>SBC6. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti naphthalene superplasticizer imatengedwa pamwamba pa tinthu tating'ono ta simenti ndi mphamvu yothamangitsa ndege. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa hydration, yotsalira madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila mamolekyu mu slurry yafupika, kotero kuti adsorbed madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila mamolekyulu pamwamba pa simenti particles nawo pang'onopang'ono yafupika. Kunyansidwa pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumachepa, ndipo tinthu tating'ono ta simenti timatulutsa mpweya, womwe umasonyeza kuchepa kwa madzi a slurry. Choncho, otaya imfa ya simenti slurry wothira naphthalene superplasticizer ndi wamkulu. Komabe, zida zambiri zochepetsera madzi za naphthalene zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muuinjiniya zasakanizidwa bwino kuti izi zitheke. Chifukwa chake, pankhani yosunga ndalama, SBC ndiyabwino kuposa SNF.

2.3.2 Mphamvu ya kuthekera ndikuyika nthawi ya phala la simenti

Pambuyo powonjezera madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila kwa simenti kusakaniza, ndi simenti particles adsorbed madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila mamolekyu, kotero kuthekera magetsi zimatha particles simenti zingasinthidwe zabwino kuti zoipa, ndipo mtengo mtheradi ukuwonjezeka mwachionekere. Mtengo wokwanira wa tinthu tating'ono ta simenti wosakanikirana ndi SNF ndi wapamwamba kuposa wa SBC. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nthawi yoikika ya phala la simenti losakanizidwa ndi SBC linapititsidwa ku madigiri osiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi chitsanzo chopanda kanthu, ndipo nthawi yoikika inali mu dongosolo la SBC6> SBC7> SBC8 kuchokera kutali mpaka kufupi. Zitha kuwoneka kuti ndi kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe a SBC komanso kuchuluka kwa sulfure, nthawi yoyika simenti imafupikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Izi ndichifukwa choti SBC ndi ya polypolysaccharide yochokera ku polypolysaccharide, ndipo pali magulu ochulukirapo a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa mamolekyulu, omwe ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana ochepetsa mphamvu ya hydration ya simenti ya Portland. Pali pafupifupi mitundu inayi ya retarding wothandizila limagwirira, ndi retarding limagwirira wa SBC ali pafupifupi motere: Mu zamchere sing'anga simenti hydration, gulu hydroxyl ndi ufulu Ca2+ mawonekedwe wosakhazikika zovuta, kuti ndende ya Ca2 10 mu madzi gawo. amachepetsa, komanso akhoza adsorbed padziko simenti particles ndi mankhwala hydration padziko 02- kupanga hydrogen zomangira, ndi magulu ena hydroxyl ndi madzi mamolekyu mwa hydrogen chomangira mayanjano, kotero kuti pamwamba pa simenti particles anapanga wosanjikiza wa khola zosungunuka madzi filimu. Chifukwa chake, njira ya hydration ya simenti imaletsedwa. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxyl mu unyolo wa SBC wokhala ndi sulfure wosiyanasiyana ndi wosiyana kwambiri, chifukwa chake chikoka chawo pamayendedwe a simenti kuyenera kukhala kosiyana.

2.3.3 Mlingo wochepetsera madzi amatope komanso kuyesa mphamvu

Monga momwe ntchito yamatope ingasonyezere kugwira ntchito kwa konkire kumlingo wina, pepala ili makamaka limayang'ana ntchito ya matope osakanikirana ndi SBC. Kumwa madzi amatope kunasinthidwa molingana ndi muyezo woyesera kuchepetsa madzi amatope, kotero kuti kukula kwa matope kunafikira (180 ± 5) mm, ndi 40 mm × 40 mlTl × 160 zitsanzo za mphero zinakonzedwa kuti ziyese kukakamiza mphamvu ya m'badwo uliwonse. Poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zopanda kanthu popanda wochepetsera madzi, mphamvu za zitsanzo zamatope zomwe zimakhala ndi zochepetsera madzi mu m'badwo uliwonse zakhala zikuyenda bwino mu madigiri osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikizika kwamphamvu kwa zitsanzo zomwe zili ndi 1.0% SNF kudakwera ndi 46%, 35% ndi 20% motsatana pa 3, 7 ndi 28 masiku. Chikoka cha SBC6, SBC7 ndi SBC8 pa mphamvu yopondereza ya matope sizofanana. Mphamvu ya matope osakanikirana ndi SBC6 imawonjezeka pang'ono pa msinkhu uliwonse, ndipo mphamvu ya matope pa 3 d, 7 d ndi 28d imawonjezeka ndi 15%, 3% ndi 2% motsatira. Mphamvu yopondereza ya matope osakanikirana ndi SBC8 inakula kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yake pa 3, 7 ndi masiku 28 inawonjezeka ndi 61%, 45% ndi 18%, motero, kusonyeza kuti SBC8 ili ndi mphamvu yochepetsera madzi ndi kulimbikitsa pamatope a simenti.

2.3.4 Chikoka cha kamangidwe ka maselo a SBC

Kuphatikizidwa ndi kusanthula pamwambapa pa chikoka cha SBC pa phala la simenti ndi matope, sizovuta kupeza kuti mawonekedwe a maselo a SBC, monga mawonekedwe a viscosity (zokhudzana ndi kulemera kwake kwa maselo, kukhuthala kwa mawonekedwe ndipamwamba, wachibale wake). Kulemera kwa mamolekyu ndikokwera), sulfure (zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa kulowetsedwa kwa magulu amphamvu a hydrophilic pa unyolo wa mamolekyulu, sulfure yapamwamba ndiyomwe imalowa m'malo, Ndipo mosiyana) imatsimikizira momwe SBC imagwirira ntchito. Zomwe zili mu SBC8 zokhala ndi mamasukidwe otsika komanso otsika kwambiri a sulfure ndi otsika, zimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zobalalika zolimba ku tinthu tating'ono ta simenti, komanso machulukidwe ake ndi otsika, pafupifupi 1.0%. Kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yoyika phala la simenti kumakhala kochepa. Mphamvu yopondereza ya matope yokhala ndi madzimadzi omwewo imawonjezeka mwachiwonekere pa m'badwo uliwonse. Komabe, SBC6 yokhala ndi ma viscosity apamwamba komanso otsika sulfure imakhala ndi madzi ocheperako pomwe zili zotsika. Komabe, zikawonjezeka kufika pa 1.5%, kuthekera kwake kwa kubalalitsidwa kwa tinthu tating'ono ta simenti nakonso kumakhala kokulirapo. Komabe, nthawi yoikika ya slurry yoyera imatalika kwambiri, zomwe zimasonyeza makhalidwe a pang'onopang'ono. Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yopondereza yamatope pansi pa mibadwo yosiyana ndi yochepa. Mwambiri, SBC ndiyabwino kuposa SNF pakusunga madzi amatope.

3. Mapeto

1. Ma cellulose okhala ndi digiri ya polymerization yokhazikika adakonzedwa kuchokera ku cellulose, yomwe idapangidwa ndi 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone pambuyo pa NaOH alkalization, kenako madzi osungunuka butyl sulfonolactone adakonzedwa. The momwe akadakwanitsira anachita zinthu za mankhwala motere: mzere (Na0H); Wolemba (AGU); n(BS) -2.5:1.0:1.7, nthawi yochitirapo kanthu inali 4.5h, kutentha kwakuchita kunali 75℃. mobwerezabwereza alkalization ndi etherification akhoza kuchepetsa khalidwe mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kuonjezera sulfure zili mankhwala.

2. SBC yokhala ndi kukhuthala koyenera ndi sulfure imatha kupititsa patsogolo kusungunuka kwa simenti ndikusintha kutayika kwamadzi. Pamene kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa madzi mumatope kufika pa 16.5%, mphamvu yopondereza ya matope pa msinkhu uliwonse imawonjezeka mwachiwonekere.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito SBC ngati wothandizira kuchepetsa madzi kumasonyeza kuchedwa kwina. Pansi pa kukhuthala koyenera, ndizotheka kupeza njira yochepetsera madzi mwachangu powonjezera zinthu za sulfure ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa digiri. Ponena za miyezo yoyenera yapadziko lonse ya zosakaniza za konkire, SBC ikuyembekezeka kukhala chochepetsera madzi ndi mtengo wogwira ntchito, wochepetsera madzi, kuchedwetsa wochepetsera madzi, komanso wochepetsera kwambiri madzi.