Phunzirani pa Mayeso Oyendetsa Pakupanga kwa PVC Resin kuchokera ku Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Njira yopangira HPMC yapakhomo idayambitsidwa, ndipo ntchito yayikulu ya HPMC yapakhomo popanga PVC komanso chikoka chake paubwino wa utomoni wa PVC idaphunziridwa pakuyesa koyendetsa. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti:①Kuchita kwa HPMC zapakhomo ndikwabwino kwambiri, ndipo ntchito ya utomoni wa PVC wopangidwa ndi wofanana ndi utomoni wa PVC wopangidwa ndi zinthu zochokera kunja kwa HPMC;②Pamene HPMC yapakhomo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga PVC, PVC ikhoza kukonzedwa bwino ndi kukonzedwa bwino mwa kusintha mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa HPMC Kuchita kwa zinthu za utomoni;③HPMC Zapakhomo ndi oyenera kupanga zosiyanasiyana lotayirira utomoni PVC. PVC utomoni particles opangidwa ndi filimu woonda ndi kuwala kumamatira ku ketulo;④Zogulitsa zapakhomo za HPMC zitha kulowa m'malo mwazinthu zakunja za HPMC.

Mawu ofunikira:PVC; dispersant; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Kupanga kwa HPMC ndi thonje woyengedwa m'mayiko akunja kunayamba mu 1960, ndipo dziko langa linayamba kupanga HPMC kumayambiriro kwa 1970. Chifukwa cha zopinga za zipangizo, teknoloji ndi zinthu zina, khalidweli silingakhale lokhazikika, ndipo maonekedwe ake anali fibrous. Pachifukwa ichi, HPMC yofunidwa ndi makampani a PVC resin, makampani opanga mankhwala, zipangizo zomangira zapamwamba, zodzoladzola, zitsulo, chakudya ndi mafakitale ena onse amadalira katundu wochokera kunja, makamaka kuchokera ku United States ndi Japan, ndipo HPMC imayang'aniridwa ndi mayiko akunja. . Mu 1990, Unduna wa Zamakampani a Chemical udapanga magawo oyenera kuti athane ndi zovuta zazikulu, ndikupanga zinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zamafakitale za PVC, pozindikira kukhazikitsidwa kwa HPMC. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, zabwino zoweta opanga HPMC molimba anakhazikitsa mfundo chitukuko cha luso, kugwirizana, wobiriwira, lotseguka, ndi kugawana, anaumirira pa chitukuko choyendetsedwa bwino, ndi bwino akwaniritsa chitukuko chapamwamba mwa luso lodziimira payekha, chitukuko cha sayansi, ndi kutembenuka inapita patsogolo. mphamvu zakale ndi zatsopano za kinetic. Zoperekedwa ndi China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, GB/T 34263-2017 "Hydroxypropyl Methyl Fiber for Industrial Use", yomwe idasankhidwa ndi China Chemical Standardization Technical Committee ndikuvomerezedwa ndi gawo lolemba, idalengezedwa mu 2017, ndipo idakhazikitsidwa. idatulutsidwa m'dziko lonse pa Epulo 1, 2018. idakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo. Kuyambira pamenepo, pali miyezo yamabizinesi a PVC kuti agule ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za HPMC.

1. Ubwino wa thonje woyengedwa

30 # thonje woyengedwa ali mu mawonekedwe a ulusi wabwino pansi pa maikulosikopu. Ulusi wokhwima wa thonje umakhala ndi ulusi wambiri wonyezimira wonyezimira, ndipo ulusi woyambira umasonkhanitsidwa kukhala mazana a ulusi womanga mitolo. Mitolo ya ma fibril A ulusi wa thonje umakulungidwa mwachisawawa m'mizere yolunjika. Izi zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a alkalized cellulose komanso kufanana kwa digiri ya etherification, ndipo zimathandiza kupititsa patsogolo luso la kusunga guluu la HPMC panthawi ya polymerization ya PVC.

30 # thonje yoyengedwa imagwiritsa ntchito ma linters a thonje okhala ndi kukhwima kwakukulu komanso digiri yotsika ya polymerization ngati zopangira, kupanga kwake kumakhala kovuta, kumafunika kuyeretsedwa, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera. thonje 1000 # woyengedwa linters thonje ndi kukhwima mkulu ndi mkulu digiri ya polymerization monga zopangira, ndondomeko kupanga si zovuta, ndi kupanga mtengo wotsika. Chifukwa chake, thonje la 30 # loyengedwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zapamwamba monga PVC resin/mankhwala/chakudya, ndipo thonje loyengedwa la 1000 # limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zomangira kalasi kapena minda ina yofunsira.

2. Chikhalidwe, chitsanzo ndi njira yopangira zinthu za HPMC

2.1 Katundu wa zinthu za HPMC

Mtengo wa HPMCndi wopanda poizoni, wopanda fungo, wosakoma woyera kapena wopanda ulusi woyera kapena granular ufa wopangidwa ndi thonje woyengedwa zachilengedwe monga zopangira zazikulu. Ndi semi-synthetic, osagwira, viscoelastic polima, non-ionic mtundu mankhwala. Mayiko aku China ndi hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether, ndi hypromellose, ndipo formula ya maselo ndi [C6H7O2(OH)2COOR]n.

Malo osungunuka a HPMC ndi 225-230°C, kachulukidwe ndi 1.26-1.31 g/cm³, kuchuluka kwa maselo ndi pafupifupi 22,000, kutentha kwa carbonization ndi 280-300°C, ndi mavuto padziko 42-56 mN/m² (2% amadzimadzi njira).

The thupi ndi mankhwala katundu wa HPMC makamaka monga mfundo zotsatirazi.

(1) Tinthu kukula index: The HPMC tinthu kukula index kwa PVC utomoni ali ndi zofunika kwambiri. Mtengo wopambana ndi 150μm ndi wamkulu kuposa 98.5%, ndipo chiphaso cha 187μm ndi 100%. Zofunikira pazambiri zapadera zili pakati pa 250 ndi 425μm.

(2) Kusungunuka: kusungunuka mu zosungunulira zina monga madzi ndi mowa, kusungunuka m'madzi ndipo kumakhala ndi ntchito yapamwamba. Kuwonekera kwambiri, kukhazikika kwa yankho, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana azinthu ali ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa gel osakaniza, kusintha kwa solubility ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kutsika kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kusungunuka kwakukulu, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a HPMC ali ndi kusiyana kwina pakuchita, komanso kusungunuka m'madzi sikokwanira. kukhudzidwa ndi pH mtengo.

Kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira ndi madzi otentha kumasiyana. Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi methoxyl wambiri sizisungunuka m'madzi otentha kuposa 85°C, zinthu zomwe zili ndi methoxyl yapakati sizisungunuka m'madzi otentha kuposa 65°C, ndipo zinthu zomwe zili ndi methoxyl otsika sizisungunuka m'madzi otentha kuposa 65°C. Madzi otentha pamwamba pa 60°C. Wamba HPMC ndi insoluble mu organic solvents monga Mowa, etha, ndi chloroform, koma sungunuka 10% mpaka 80% Mowa amadzimadzi njira kapena osakaniza methanol ndi dichloromethane. HPMC ili ndi hygroscopicity inayake. Pa 25°C/80% RH, kuyamwa kwa chinyezi chofanana ndi 13%, ndipo kumakhala kokhazikika pamalo owuma komanso pH ya 3.0-11.0.

(3) HPMC ili ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri osungunuka m'madzi ozizira koma osasungunuka m'madzi otentha. Kuyika HPMC m'madzi ozizira ndikuyambitsanso kumatha kusungunuka ndikukhala madzi owonekera. Zogulitsa zina zamtunduwu sizisungunuka m'madzi otentha kuposa 60°C, ndipo akhoza kutupa. Katunduyu atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa, zomwe zingachepetse ndalama, kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chopanga. Ndi kuchepa kwa methoxyl, gawo la gel la HPMC linakula, kusungunuka kwamadzi kumachepa, ndipo ntchito yapamtunda imachepanso.

(4) HPMC ntchito monga kuyimitsidwa stabilizer ndi dispersant mu polymerization wa vinilu kolorayidi ndi vinylidene. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi polyvinyl mowa (PVA) kapena paokha, ndipo imatha kuwongolera mawonekedwe a tinthu ndi kugawa tinthu.

(5) HPMC ilinso ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa ma enzyme, matenthedwe a gel osakaniza (madzi otentha pamwamba pa 60).°C sichimasungunuka, koma chimangotupa), zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopanga mafilimu, pH mtengo wokhazikika (3.0-11.0), kusunga madzi ndi zina zambiri.

Kutengera mikhalidwe yabwino yomwe ili pamwambapa, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga mankhwala, mafakitale a petrochemical, zomangamanga, zoumba, nsalu, chakudya, mankhwala atsiku ndi tsiku, utomoni wopangira, zokutira ndi zamagetsi.

2.2 HPMC mtundu wazinthu

Chiyerekezo cha methoxyl ndi hydroxypropyl zomwe zili muzinthu za HPMC ndizosiyana, kukhuthala kwake ndi kosiyana, ndipo magwiridwe antchito amasiyana.

2.3 Njira yopangira zinthu za HPMC

HPMC imagwiritsa ntchito thonje wa thonje woyengedwa ngati chopangira chachikulu, ndipo imapanga ufa wa thonje pophwanya mankhwala. Ikani thonje ufa mu ofukula polymerization ketulo, kumwazikana izo pafupifupi 10 nthawi zosungunulira (toluene, isopropanol monga zosungunulira wosanganiza), ndi kuwonjezera zinayendera Lye (chakudya kalasi koloko ndi kusungunuka m'madzi otentha poyamba), propylene okusayidi, methyl chloride etherification wothandizira, etherification anachita ikuchitika pa kutentha ndi kukakamizidwa, ndi zimene mankhwala ndi neutralized ndi asidi, chitsulo kuchotsedwa, osambitsidwa ndi zouma, ndipo potsiriza kupeza HPMC.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito HPMC pakupanga PVC

3.1 Mfundo yoyendetsera ntchito

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa HPMC ngati dispersant mu kupanga PVC mafakitale zimatsimikiziridwa ndi maselo ake. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku maselo a HPMC kuti mapangidwe a HPMC ali ndi gulu la hydrophilic hydroxypropyl (-OCH-CHOHCH3) ndi lipophilic methoxyl (-OCH,) gulu logwira ntchito. Mu vinilu kolorayidi kuyimitsidwa polymerization, ndi dispersant makamaka anaikira mu mawonekedwe wosanjikiza wa monoma droplet-madzi gawo, ndipo anakonza m'njira yakuti hydrophilic gawo la dispersant chimafikira madzi gawo, ndi lipophilic gawo amafikira kwa monomer. dontho. Mu HPMC, gawo la hydroxypropyl-based ndi gawo la hydrophilic, lomwe limagawidwa makamaka mu gawo la madzi; gawo lochokera ku methoxy ndi gawo la lipophilic, lomwe limagawidwa makamaka mu gawo la monomer. Kuchuluka kwa lipophilic gawo anagawira mu monomer gawo amakhudza chachikulu tinthu kukula, digiri aggregation, ndi porosity wa utomoni. Pamwamba zomwe zili mu gawo la lipophilic, mphamvu zoteteza kwambiri pazigawo zoyamba, zing'onozing'ono zamagulu akuluakulu a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi utomoni The porosity ya utomoni ukuwonjezeka ndi kachulukidwe zikuoneka amachepetsa; kumtunda kwa gawo la hydrophilic, kufooka kwa chitetezo pazigawo zoyamba, kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, kutsika kwa porosity ya utomoni, komanso kuchulukira kowoneka bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, chitetezo cha dispersant ndi champhamvu kwambiri. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a polymerization anachita dongosolo, pa mlingo wapamwamba kutembenuka, kugwirizana pakati pa utomoni particles sachedwa kuchitika, kupanga tinthu mawonekedwe osasamba; zoteteza zotsatira za dispersant ndi ofooka kwambiri, ndi chachikulu particles N'zosavuta coalesce pa siteji ya otsika kutembenuka mlingo kumayambiriro siteji ya polymerization, motero kupanga utomoni ndi kusakhazikika tinthu mawonekedwe.

Zatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchita kuti kuwonjezera HPMC ndi dispersants ena kuyimitsidwa polymerization wa vinilu kolorayidi akhoza kuchepetsa interfacial mavuto pakati vinilu kolorayidi ndi madzi pa siteji koyamba polymerization. Kubalalika kokhazikika mkatikati mwamadzi, izi zimatchedwa kuthekera kwa kupezeka kwa dispersant; Komano, lipophilic zinchito gulu la dispersant adsorbed padziko vinilu kolorayidi droplet amapanga zoteteza wosanjikiza kuteteza aggregation wa vinilu kolorayidi droplet. Dontholo limagwira ntchito yokhazikika komanso chitetezo, chomwe chimatchedwa kuthekera kosungira kwa colloid kwa dispersant. Ndiko kuti, mu dongosolo kuyimitsidwa polymerization, dispersant amachita wapawiri udindo dispersing ndi kuteteza bata colloidal.

3.2 Kusanthula magwiridwe antchito

PVC utomoni ndi tinthu tating'ono ufa. Makhalidwe ake a tinthu (kuphatikiza mawonekedwe ake a tinthu, kukula kwa tinthu ndi kugawa, microstructure ndi kukula kwa pore ndi kugawa, etc.) zimakhudza kwambiri ntchito yopangira mapulasitiki ndi ntchito ya mankhwala, ndikudziwitsani PVC. Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe a tinthu ta utomoni:①Kukondoweza kwa thanki ya polymerization, zidazo ndizokhazikika, ndipo mawonekedwe olimbikitsa amakhala osasinthika;②The dispersant dongosolo la monoma mu polymerization ndondomeko, ndiye, mmene kusankha mtundu, kalasi ndi Mlingo ndi kusintha kwambiri kulamulira katundu PVC utomoni pellets.

Kuchokera ku utomoni granulation limagwirira mu kuyimitsidwa polymerization ndondomeko, amadziwika kuti kuwonjezera dispersant pamaso anachita makamaka akutumikira kukhazikika monoma mafuta m'malovu anapanga ndi oyambitsa ndi kuteteza mogwirizana polymerization ndi kuphatikiza mafuta m'malovu. Choncho, kupezeka kwa dispersant kudzakhudza katundu waukulu wa utomoni wa polima.

Kuthekera kosungira kwa colloid kwa dispersant kumakhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi ma viscosity kapena kulemera kwa maselo. Kuchuluka kwa mamasukidwe amadzimadzi amadzimadzi, kuchuluka kwa mamolekyu, komanso mphamvu ya filimu yoteteza yomwe imayikidwa pa mawonekedwe amadzi a vinyl chloride-water, ndizovuta kwambiri kuphulika kwa filimu ndi kugwa kwa tirigu.

The amadzimadzi njira ya dispersant ali interfacial ntchito, ang'onoang'ono padziko mavuto, ndi apamwamba pamwamba ntchito, bwino monomer mafuta m'malovu anapanga, ang'onoang'ono zikuoneka kachulukidwe a analandira utomoni particles, ndi lotayirira ndi porous kwambiri.

Zatsimikiziridwa kupyolera mu kafukufuku woyesera kuti kusagwirizana kwapakati pa HPMC ndi kochepa kwambiri mu njira zamadzimadzi zogawanitsa za gelatin, PVA, ndi HPMC pamagulu omwewo, ndiko kuti, kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono, kumapangitsa kuti ntchito ya HPMC ikhale pamwamba. ndi vinilu kolorayidi kuyimitsidwa polymerization dongosolo, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti Amphamvu dispersing luso la HPMC dispersant. Poyerekeza ndi ma dispersants apakati komanso apamwamba a PVA, pafupifupi kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HPMC (pafupifupi 22 000) ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa ya PVA (pafupifupi 150 000), ndiko kuti, kusungirako zomatira kwa ma dispersants a HPMC sikuli bwino. ku PVA.

The pamwamba ongolankhula ndi zothandiza kusanthula zikusonyeza kuti HPMC angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuyimitsidwa utomoni PVC. Poyerekeza ndi PVA ndi digiri ya alcoholysis ya 80%, ili ndi mphamvu yocheperako yosunga zomatira komanso kuthekera kobalalika kwambiri;.Poyerekeza ndi 5% PVA, kuthekera kosunga zomatira komanso kubalalitsidwa ndikofanana. HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dispersant, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono topangidwa ndi HPMC tili ndi "filimu" yocheperako, kusakhazikika bwino kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kuyamwa kwakukulu kwa mapulasitiki opangira utomoni, komanso kumamatira pang'ono ku ketulo, chifukwa si. -poizoni komanso mosavuta Amatulutsa utomoni wamankhwala momveka bwino.

Malinga ndi kusanthula pamwamba ongolankhula ndi zothandiza kupanga, HPMC ndi PVA, monga dispersants chachikulu kwa kuyimitsidwa polymerization, akhoza kwenikweni kukwaniritsa zofunika za utomoni mankhwala, koma n'zovuta kukwaniritsa zomatira posungira luso ndi interfacial ntchito polymerization. kupanga. Chifukwa awiriwa ali ndi makhalidwe awoawo, kuti apange mankhwala apamwamba a utomoni, opanga ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe ophatikizika omwe ali ndi mphamvu zosiyana zosungira zomatira ndi zochitika zapakati, ndiye kuti, PVA ndi HPMC composite dispersant systems, kuti akwaniritse zotsatira za kuphunzira kuchokera kwa aliyense. zina.

3.3 Quality kuyerekeza HPMC kunyumba ndi kunja

Njira yoyezera kutentha kwa gel osakaniza ndikukonzekera yankho lamadzi ndi gawo lalikulu la 0.15%, kuwonjezera pa chubu cha colorimetric, kuyika thermometer, kutentha pang'onopang'ono ndikuyambitsa mofatsa, pamene yankho likuwoneka ngati gel osakaniza amkaka ndi otsika. kutentha kwa gel osakaniza, pitirizani kutentha ndi kusonkhezera , pamene yankho litembenuka kwathunthu kukhala loyera lamkaka ndilo malire apamwamba a kutentha kwa gel osakaniza.

3.4 Mkhalidwe wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya HPMC kunyumba ndi kunja pansi pa maikulosikopu

Zithunzi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya HPMC pansi pa maikulosikopu zitha kuwoneka:①Okhonda E50 ndi zoweta 60YT50 HPMC onse akupereka dongosolo aggregated pansi pa maikulosikopu, ndi maselo kapangidwe zoweta 60YT50HPMC ndi yaying'ono ndi yunifolomu, ndi kapangidwe maselo achilendo E50 ndi omwazikana;②The aggregated state of domestic 60YT50 HPMC Kapangidwe kameneka kakhoza kuchepetsa kusagwirizana pakati pa vinilu kolorayidi ndi madzi, ndikuthandizira vinyl kolorayidi kumwazikana mofanana ndi mokhazikika m'madzi sing'anga, ndiko kuti, chifukwa hydroxypropyl zili 60YT50 HPMC ndi apamwamba pang'ono. imapangitsa kuti ikhale ya hydrophilic, pamene ES0 Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magulu a methoxyl, mwachidziwitso, imakhala ndi mphamvu yosungira mphira;③imalepheretsa kuphatikizika kwa madontho a vinilu kolorayidi kumayambiriro kwa njira ya polymerization;④kumalepheretsa kuphatikiza kwa polima particles pakati ndi kenako magawo a polymerization ndondomeko. Mapangidwe ophatikizana makamaka amaphunzira momwe mamolekyu a cellulose amayendera (magawo akristalo ndi amorphous, kukula ndi mawonekedwe a cell cell, mawonekedwe onyamula unyolo wama cell mu cell cell, kukula kwa ma crystallites, ndi zina), mawonekedwe ozungulira ( unyolo wa ma molekyulu ndi Maonekedwe a ma microcrystals), ndi zina zotero, zimathandiza kuti thonje loyengedwa bwino likhale lopangidwa ndi thonje panthawi ya etherification, ndikuwongolera khalidwe lamkati ndi kukhazikika kwa HPMC.

3.5 State of HPMC amadzimadzi njira kunyumba ndi kunja

HPMC yapakhomo ndi yakunja idakonzedwa kuti ikhale yankho lamadzi la 1%, ndipo kuyatsa kwapanyumba 60YT50 HPMC kunali 93%, ndipo E50 HPMC yakunja inali 94%, ndipo kwenikweni panalibe kusiyana pakufalikira pakati pa ziwirizi.

Zogulitsa zapakhomo ndi zakunja za HPMC zidapangidwa kukhala 0.5% yamadzimadzi, ndipo yankho litatha HPMC cellulose itasungunuka. Zitha kuwonedwa ndi maso amaliseche kuti kuwonekera kwa onse awiri ndi abwino kwambiri, omveka bwino komanso owonekera, ndipo palibe ulusi wambiri wosasungunuka, womwe umasonyeza kuti khalidwe la HPMC ndi zoweta HPMC zili bwino. Kupatsirana kwakukulu kwa yankho kukuwonetsa kuti HPMC imachita bwino panthawi ya alkalization ndi etherification, popanda zonyansa zambiri ndi ulusi wosasungunuka. Choyamba, zitha kuzindikira mosavuta mtundu wa HPMC. White madzi ndi mpweya thovu.

4. HPMC dispersant application woyendetsa mayeso

Pofuna kutsimikiziranso kupezeka kwa ntchito zapakhomo za HPMC mu ndondomeko ya polymerization ndi chikoka chake pa khalidwe la utomoni wa PVC, gulu la R&D la Shandong Yiteng New Materials Co., Ltd. linagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapakhomo ndi zakunja za HPMC monga dispersants, ndi zoweta HPMC. ndi PVA kunja ngati dispersants. Ubwino wa ma resins okonzedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya HPMC monga dispersants ku China adayesedwa ndikufananizidwa, ndipo zotsatira za HPMC mu PVC resin zidawunikidwa ndikukambidwa.

4.1 Njira yoyeserera yoyendetsa

The polymerization anachita mu ketulo 6 m3 polymerization. Pofuna kuthetsa chikoka cha khalidwe la monomer pa khalidwe la PVC resin, woyendetsa galimotoyo anagwiritsa ntchito njira ya calcium carbide kupanga vinyl chloride monomer, ndipo madzi a monomer anali osakwana 50.×10-6. Pambuyo vakuyumu wa polymerization ketulo ndi oyenerera, kuwonjezera miyeso vinilu mankhwala enaake ndi ion-free madzi kwa polymerization ketulo mu ndondomeko, ndiyeno kuwonjezera dispersant ndi zina zofunika ndi chilinganizo mu ketulo nthawi yomweyo pambuyo masekeli. Mutatha kuyambitsa kwa mphindi 15, madzi otentha pa 90°C analowetsedwa mu jekete, mkangano kwa polymerization kutentha kuyamba anachita polymerization, ndi madzi ozizira anadzetsa mu jekete pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi kutentha anachita ankalamulidwa ndi DCS. Pamene kuthamanga kwa polymerization ketulo akutsikira 0,15 MPa, ndi polymerization kutembenuka mlingo ukufika 85% kuti 90%, kuwonjezera terminator kuthetsa anachita, akuchira vinilu kolorayidi, kulekanitsa ndi kuyanika kupeza PVC utomoni.

4.2 Mayeso oyendetsa zoweta 60YT50 ndi akunja E50 HPMC kupanga utomoni

Kuchokera kuyerekeza kwamtundu wa zoweta 60YT50 ndi E50 HPMC yakunja kuti ipange utomoni wa PVC, zitha kuwoneka kuti kuyamwa kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi mayamwidwe apulasitiki a zoweta 60YT50 HPMC PVC utomoni ndi ofanana ndi zinthu zofanana zakunja za HPMC, zokhala ndi zinthu zochepa zosakhazikika, kudzikonda. -kukwanira, Mtengo woyenerera ndi 100%, ndipo awiriwa ali pafupi kwambiri ndi khalidwe la utomoni. Zomwe zili mu methoxyl za E50 zakunja ndizokwera pang'ono kuposa zapakhomo 60YT50 HPMC, ndipo magwiridwe ake osungira mphira ndi amphamvu. Utoto wopezedwa wa PVC ndi wabwinoko pang'ono kuposa zotulutsa zapakhomo za HPMC potengera mayamwidwe apulasitiki ndi kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino.

4.3 Zapakhomo 60YT50 HPMC ndi PVA kunja ntchito ngati dispersant kupanga utomoni woyendetsa mayeso

4.3.1 Ubwino wa PVC utomoni wopangidwa

PVC utomoni amapangidwa ndi zoweta 60YT50 HPMC ndi kunja PVA dispersant. Kuyerekeza kwa data kungawonekere: kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu womwewo wa 60YT50HPMC ndi makina otulutsa a PVA otulutsa kuti apange utomoni wa PVC motsatana, chifukwa mwakuti 60YTS0 HPMC dispersant ili ndi kuthekera kobalalika kolimba komanso ntchito yabwino yosungira mphira. Si bwino ngati PVA dispersion system. Kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino ka utomoni wa PVC wopangidwa ndi 60YTS0 HPMC dispersion system ndi wotsika pang'ono kuposa wa PVA dispersant, kuyamwa kwa plasticizer ndikwabwinoko, ndipo kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikwabwino. Zotsatira zoyeserera zimatha kuwonetsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a 60YT50 HPMC ndi makina otulutsa a PVA otumizidwa kunja, ndikuwonetsanso zabwino ndi zoyipa za ma dispersants awiriwa pochita utomoni wa PVC. Pankhani ya microstructure, pamwamba filimu ya HPMC dispersant utomoni Thin, utomoni ndi zosavuta plasticize pokonza.

4.3.2 Mkhalidwe wa kanema wa PVC resin particles pansi pa maikulosikopu ya elekitironi

Kuwona microstructure ya utomoni particles, ndi utomoni particles opangidwa ndi HPMC dispersant ndi thinner microscopic "filimu" makulidwe; tinthu tating'onoting'ono topangidwa ndi PVA dispersant timakhala ndi "filimu" yokulirapo. Kuphatikiza apo, kwa opanga utomoni wa calcium carbide okhala ndi zonyansa zambiri za vinyl chloride monomer, kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika kwa dongosolo lachilinganizo, ayenera kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa dispersant, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa ma depositi pamwamba pa tinthu ta utomoni. ndi kuchuluka kwa "filimu". Kutsika kwa processing plasticizing ntchito sikuli bwino.

4.4 Woyendetsa mayeso a sukulu zosiyanasiyana za HPMC kubala PVC utomoni

4.4.1 Ubwino wa PVC utomoni wopangidwa

Kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zoweta sukulu HPMC (ndi ma viscosities osiyana ndi hydroxypropyl zili) monga dispersant limodzi, kuchuluka kwa dispersant ndi 0,060% ya vinilu kolorayidi monomer, ndi kuyimitsidwa polymerization wa vinilu kolorayidi ikuchitika pa 56.5° C kupeza The pafupifupi tinthu kukula, zikuoneka kachulukidwe, ndi mayamwidwe plasticizer wa PVC utomoni.

Izi zitha kuwoneka kuti:①Poyerekeza ndi 65YT50 HPMC dispersion system, 75YT100 ili ndi viscosity ya 65YT50 HPMC yochepera 75YT100HPMC, ndipo zomwe zili mu hydroxypropyl ndizocheperapo 75YT100HPMC, pomwe zomwe zili ndi methoxyl ndi zapamwamba kuposa 75YT10HP1. Malinga ndi kusanthula kwamalingaliro a dispersants, mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi hydroxypropyl Kutsika kwazomwe zili m'munsi kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kuthekera kwa HPMC, ndipo kuwonjezereka kwa zinthu za methoxy kudzalimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa zomatira zomata za dispersant, ndiko kuti, 65YT50 HPMC kubalalitsidwa dongosolo adzachititsa pafupifupi tinthu kukula kwa PVC utomoni kuwonjezeka (coarse tinthu kukula), The kachulukidwe zikuoneka ukuwonjezeka ndi mayamwidwe plasticizer ukuwonjezeka;②Poyerekeza ndi 60YT50 HPMC dispersion system, hydroxypropyl content 60YT50 HPMC ndi yaikulu kuposa 65YT50 HPMC, ndipo methoxy zili mu awiriwa ali pafupi ndi apamwamba. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha dispersant, kukwezeka kwa hydroxypropyl, kumapangitsanso mphamvu ya dispersant, kotero kuti mphamvu ya 60YT50 HPMC imakulitsidwa; nthawi yomweyo, zinthu ziwiri za methoxyl zili pafupi ndi zomwe zili pamwamba, mphamvu yosungira guluu imakhalanso yamphamvu, Mu 60YT50 HPMC ndi 65YT50 HPMC machitidwe obalalika amtundu womwewo, utomoni wa PVC wopangidwa ndi 60YT50HPMC kuposa 65YT50 HPMC kubalalitsidwa. dongosolo ayenera ang'onoang'ono pafupifupi tinthu kukula (chabwino tinthu kukula) ndi kutsika kachulukidwe zoonekeratu, chifukwa methoxyl zili mu dongosolo kubalalitsidwa ndi pafupi ( rabara posungira ntchito), chifukwa ofanana mayamwidwe plasticizer. Ichinso ndichifukwa chake 60YT50 HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mumakampani a PVC posankha zotulutsa za PVA ndi HPMC. Zachidziwikire, ngati 65YT50 HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito momveka bwino munjira yobalalika yophatikizika iyeneranso kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi zizindikiro zamtundu wa utomoni.

4.4.2 Particle morphology ya PVC resin particles pansi pa maikulosikopu

The tinthu morphology wa PVC utomoni wopangidwa ndi 2 mitundu ya 60YT50 HPMC dispersants ndi osiyana hydroxypropyl ndi methoxyl zili pansi pa maikulosikopu zikhoza kuoneka: ndi kuwonjezeka kwa hydroxypropyl ndi methoxyl zili, mphamvu kubalalitsidwa kwa HPMC, posungira The guluu luso kumatheka. Poyerekeza ndi 60YT50 HPMC (8.7% hydroxypropyl mass fraction, 28.5% methoxyl mass fraction), ma PVC resin particles opangidwa amakhala okhazikika, opanda mchira, ndipo particles ndi zotayirira.

4.5 Zotsatira za 60YT50 HPMC mlingo pa khalidwe la PVC utomoni

Mayeso oyendetsa amagwiritsa ntchito 60YT50 HPMC ngati dispersant imodzi yokhala ndi gawo lalikulu la methoxyl gulu la 28.5% ndi gawo lalikulu la gulu la hydroxypropyl la 8.5%. Wapakati tinthu kukula, kachulukidwe zikuoneka, ndi mayamwidwe plasticizer wa PVC utomoni akamagwira ntchito kuyimitsidwa polymerization wa vinilu kolorayidi pa 5°C.

Tingaone kuti kuchuluka kwa dispersant ukuwonjezeka, makulidwe a dispersant wosanjikiza adsorbed pa droplet padziko ukuwonjezeka, amene timapitiriza dispersant ntchito ndi zomatira posungira mphamvu dispersant, chifukwa mu kuchepa pafupifupi tinthu kukula kwa PVC. utomoni ndi kuchepa kwa pamwamba. Kuchulukana kowonekera kumawonjezeka ndipo kuyamwa kwa plasticizer kumachepa.

5 Mapeto

(1) Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka utomoni wa PVC wokonzedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zapakhomo za HPMC wafika pamlingo wazinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja.

(2) Pamene HPMC ntchito ngati dispersant limodzi, akhoza kupanga PVC utomoni mankhwala ndi zizindikiro bwino.

(3) Poyerekeza ndi PVA dispersant, HPMC ndi PVA dispersant, mitundu iwiri ya zowonjezera zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dispersant kupanga utomoni, ndipo zizindikiro za utomoni zomwe zimapangidwa zimakhala ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zawo. HPMC dispersant ali mkulu pamwamba ntchito ndi wamphamvu monomer mafuta droplet dispersing ntchito. Lili ndi ntchito yofanana ndi PVA 72 .5% alcoholysis digiri ofanana ntchito.

(4) Pansi pazikhalidwe zomwezo, magiredi osiyanasiyana a HPMC ali ndi methoxyl ndi hydroxypropyl osiyanasiyana, omwe ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana pakuwongolera index ya PVC resin. 60YT50 HPMC dispersant ili ndi ntchito yabwino yobalalika kuposa 65YT50 HPMC chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl; Mtengo wa 65YT50HPMC Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa methoxy kwa dispersant, ntchito yosungira mphira ndi yamphamvu kuposa ya 60YT50HPMC.

(5) Nthawi zambiri popanga utomoni wa PVC, kuchuluka kwa 60YT50HPMC dispersant komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumakhala kosiyana, komanso kusintha kwaubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a utomoni wa PVC kumakhalanso ndi zosintha zowonekera. Pamene mlingo wa 60YT50 HPMC dispersant ukuwonjezeka, pafupifupi tinthu kukula PVC utomoni amachepetsa, kachulukidwe zikuoneka kumawonjezeka, ndi plasticization. Kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe a wothandizira kumachepa, ndipo mosemphanitsa.

Komanso, poyerekeza ndi PVA dispersant, HPMC ntchito kupanga utomoni mndandanda mankhwala, zomwe zimasonyeza elasticity kwambiri ndi kukhazikika kwa magawo monga polymerization ketulo mtundu, voliyumu, oyambitsa, etc., ndipo akhoza kuchepetsa chodabwitsa cha zida ketulo khoma kukakamira kwa ketulo, ndi kuchepetsa utomoni pamwamba filimu makulidwe, sanali poizoni utomoni, mkulu matenthedwe bata, kumapangitsanso mandala utomoni kunsi kwa mtsinje processing mankhwala, etc. Komanso, zoweta HPMC kuthandiza PVC opanga kuchepetsa mtengo kupanga, kusintha msika mpikisano, ndi kubweretsa zabwino. phindu lazachuma.