Chidule:Pofuna kuti m'malo mwa non-degradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) slurry, hemp phesi mapadi ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anakonzedwa kuchokera ulimi zinyalala hemp mapesi, ndi kusakaniza ndi wowuma yeniyeni kukonzekera slurry. Ulusi wosakanikirana wa thonje wa poliyesitala T/C65/35 14.7 tex unali wokulirapo ndipo mawonekedwe ake adayesedwa. Njira yabwino yopangira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inali motere: gawo lalikulu la lye linali 35%; psinjika chiŵerengero cha cellulose zamchere chinali 2.4; Mlingo wamadzimadzi wa methane ndi propylene oxide ndi 7: 3; kuchepetsa ndi isopropanol; kukakamizidwa kuchitapo ndi 2. 0MPa pa. Kukula kokonzedwa ndi kusakaniza hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi wowuma enieni ali ndi COD yotsika ndipo ndi yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe, ndipo zizindikiro zonse za kukula zimatha kusintha kukula kwa PVA.
Mawu ofunikira:mtundu wa hemp; hemp phesi cellulose ether; polyvinyl mowa; kukula kwa cellulose ether
0.Mawu Oyamba
China ndi amodzi mwa mayiko omwe ali ndi udzu wolemera kwambiri. Zokolola zimaposa matani 700 miliyoni, ndipo udzu umagwiritsa ntchito 3% chaka chilichonse. Kuchuluka kwa udzu sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito. Udzu ndi wolemera masoka lignocellulosic yaiwisi, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito chakudya, fetereza, mapadi zotumphukira ndi zinthu zina.
Pakali pano, kufuna kuipitsidwa kwa madzi onyansa pakupanga nsalu kwakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zoipitsa. Kufunika kwa oxygen kwa PVA ndikokwera kwambiri. Pambuyo pa madzi otayira m'mafakitale opangidwa ndi PVA mu njira yosindikizira ndi yopaka utoto atayidwa mumtsinje, adzalepheretsa kapena kuwononga kupuma kwa zamoyo zam'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, PVA imakulitsa kutulutsidwa ndi kusamuka kwa zitsulo zolemera m'matanthwe amadzi, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zachilengedwe. Kuti tichite kafukufuku wokhudza kusintha PVA ndi slurry wobiriwira, ndikofunikira kuti musamangokwaniritsa zofunikira pakuyesa, komanso kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwamadzi ndi mpweya panthawi yakukula.
Mu kafukufukuyu, hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) idakonzedwa kuchokera ku mapesi a zinyalala zaulimi, ndipo njira yake yopangira idakambidwa. Ndipo sakanizani hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi kukula kwake kwa wowuma monga kukula kwake, yerekezerani ndi kukula kwa PVA, ndikukambirana momwe amagwirira ntchito.
1. Yesani
1 . 1 Zipangizo ndi zida
Phesi la Hemp, Heilongjiang; polyester-thonje blended ulusi T/C65/3514.7 tex; wodzipangira hemp phesi mapadi etha-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; FS-101, wowuma wosinthidwa, PVA-1799, PVA-0588, Liaoning Zhongze Gulu Chaoyang Textile Co., Ltd.; propanol, kalasi yoyamba; propylene okusayidi, glacial acetic asidi, sodium hydroxide, isopropanol, analytical woyera; methyl chloride, nayitrogeni wapamwamba kwambiri.
GSH-3L reaction kettle, JRA-6 digito yowonetsera maginito osambira madzi osambira, DHG-9079A Kutentha kwamagetsi kosalekeza kutentha kwa uvuni wowumitsa, IKARW-20 makina opangira ma agitator, makina a ESS-1000, YG 061/PC mita imodzi yamphamvu ya ulusi umodzi, LFY-109B makina oyesa abrasion tester.
1.2 Kukonzekera kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 2. 1 Kukonzekera kwa ulusi wa alkali
Gawani phesi la hemp, phwanyani mpaka ma meshes 20 ndi pulverizer, onjezerani ufa wa phesi la hemp ku 35% NaOH yamadzimadzi amadzimadzi amadzimadzi a NaOH, ndipo zilowerereni kutentha kwa firiji kwa 1. 5 ~2 . 0 h. Finyani ulusi wa alkali wolowetsedwa kuti muyeso wa alkali, cellulose, ndi madzi ukhale 1. 2:1. 2:1.
1. 2. 2 Etherification reaction
Tayani mapadi okonzeka a alkali mu ketulo, onjezerani 100 mL ya isopropanol ngati diluent, onjezerani madzi 140 mL wa methyl chloride ndi 60 mL wa propylene oxide, vacuumize, ndi pressurize ku 2 . 0 MPa, pang'onopang'ono kwezani kutentha kwa 45 ° C kwa maola 1-2, ndikuchitapo pa 75 ° C kwa maola 1-2 kukonzekera hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
1. 2. 3 Pambuyo pokonza
Sinthani pH ya etherified cellulose ether ndi glacial acetic acid kukhala 6 . 5-7 pa. 5, yotsukidwa ndi propanol katatu, ndikuwumitsa mu uvuni pa 85 ° C.
1.3 Njira yopanga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 3. 1 Chikoka cha liwiro lozungulira pakukonzekera kwa cellulose ether
Nthawi zambiri etherification zimachitikira ndi heterogeneous zimachitikira kuchokera mkati mpaka mkati. Ngati palibe mphamvu yakunja, zimakhala zovuta kuti wothandizira etherification alowe mu crystallization ya cellulose, choncho m'pofunika kugwirizanitsa bwino ndi etherification wothandizira ndi cellulose mwa kuyambitsa. Mu phunziro ili, riyakitala yothamanga kwambiri inagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo poyesera mobwerezabwereza ndi mawonetseredwe, liwiro lozungulira losankhidwa linali 240-350 r / min.
1. 3. 2 Zotsatira za ndende zamchere pakukonzekera kwa cellulose ether
Alkali ikhoza kuwononga kapangidwe ka cellulose kuti ifufuze, ndipo pamene kutupa kwa dera la amorphous ndi dera la crystalline kumakhala kosasinthasintha, etherification imayenda bwino. Popanga ma cellulose ether, kuchuluka kwa alkali komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cellulose alkalization kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu ya etherification ya zinthu za etherification komanso kuchuluka kwa m'malo mwa magulu. Pokonzekera hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, monga kuchuluka kwa lye, zomwe zili m'magulu a methoxyl zimawonjezeka; mosiyana, pamene kuchuluka kwa lye kumachepa, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Zomwe zili m'munsi zimakhala zazikulu. Zomwe zili mu gulu la methoxy zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa lye; Zomwe zili mu hydroxypropyl zimayenderana mosagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa lye. Gawo lalikulu la NaOH linasankhidwa kukhala 35% pambuyo poyesedwa mobwerezabwereza.
1. 3. 3 Zotsatira za kukakamiza kwa alkali cellulose pakukonzekera kwa cellulose ether
Cholinga cha kukanikiza ulusi wa alkali ndikuwongolera madzi omwe ali mu cellulose ya alkali. Pamene chiŵerengero cha kukanikiza chiri chochepa kwambiri, madzi amawonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa lye kumachepa, kutsika kwa etherification kumachepa, ndi etherification wothandizira ndi hydrolyzed ndipo zotsatira za mbali zimawonjezeka. , mphamvu ya etherification imachepetsedwa kwambiri. Pamene chiŵerengero cha kukanikiza ndi chachikulu kwambiri, madzi okhutira amachepetsa, mapadi sangathe kutupa, ndipo alibe reactivity, ndi etherification wothandizira sangathe kukhudzana kwathunthu ndi zamchere mapadi, ndipo anachita ndi wosagwirizana. Pambuyo pa mayeso ambiri ndi kufananitsa kopitilira muyeso, zidatsimikiziridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa alkali, madzi ndi mapadi ndi 1. 2: 1. 2:1.
1. 3. 4 Zotsatira za kutentha pakukonzekera kwa cellulose ether
Pokonzekera hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, choyamba sungani kutentha kwa 50-60 ° C ndikusunga kutentha kosasintha kwa maola awiri. The hydroxypropylation anachita akhoza kuchitidwa pafupifupi 30 ℃, ndi hydroxypropylation anachita mlingo ukuwonjezeka kwambiri pa 50 ℃; pang'onopang'ono kwezani kutentha mpaka 75 ℃, ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa maola awiri. Pa 50 ° C, machitidwe a methylation samachitapo kanthu, pa 60 ° C, momwe zimakhalira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pa 75 ° C, mlingo wa methylation umathamanga kwambiri.
Kukonzekera kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yokhala ndi masitepe ambiri owongolera kutentha sikungangowongolera kuchuluka kwa magulu a methoxyl ndi hydroxypropyl, komanso kumathandizira kuchepetsa machitidwe am'mbali ndi chithandizo chamankhwala pambuyo pake, ndikupeza zinthu zomwe zili ndi dongosolo loyenera.
1. 3. 5 Zotsatira za etherification wothandizira mlingo pakukonzekera mapadi ether
Popeza hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi etha wosakanizidwa ndi ionic, magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl amalowetsedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose macromolecular maunyolo, ndiye kuti, C wosiyana pamlingo uliwonse wa mphete ya shuga. Kumbali inayi, chiŵerengero chogawa cha methyl ndi hydroxypropyl chimakhala chobalalika kwambiri komanso mwachisawawa. Kusungunuka kwamadzi kwa HPMC kumakhudzana ndi zomwe zili mgulu la methoxy. Pamene zomwe zili mu methoxy gulu ndizochepa, zimatha kusungunuka mu alkali wamphamvu. Pamene zinthu za methoxyl zikuwonjezeka, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi kutupa kwa madzi. Kukwera kwa methoxy, kumapangitsa kuti madzi asungunuke bwino, ndipo amatha kupangidwa kukhala slurry.
Kuchuluka kwa etherifying agent methyl chloride ndi propylene oxide kumakhudza mwachindunji zomwe zili mu methoxyl ndi hydroxypropyl. Kuti akonze hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi madzi solubility wabwino, madzi buku chiŵerengero cha methyl kolorayidi ndi propylene okusayidi anasankhidwa monga 7:3.
1.3.6 Njira yabwino yopangira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
The anachita zida ndi mkulu-anzanu analimbikitsa riyakitala; liwiro lozungulira ndi 240-350 r / min; gawo lalikulu la lye ndi 35%; psinjika chiŵerengero cha cellulose alkali ndi 2. 4; Hydroxypropoxylation pa 50 ° C kwa maola awiri, methoxylation pa 75 ° C kwa maola awiri; etherification wothandizira methyl kloride ndi propylene okusayidi madzi voliyumu chiŵerengero 7: 3; vacuum; pressure 2 . 0 MPa; diluent ndi isopropanol.
2. Kuzindikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito
2.1 SEM ya cellulose ya hemp ndi cellulose ya alkali
Poyerekeza cellulose ya hemp yosatulutsidwa ndi cellulose ya hemp yopangidwa ndi 35% NaOH, zitha kudziwika bwino kuti cellulose ya alkali imakhala ndi ming'alu yapamtunda, malo okulirapo, zochitika zapamwamba komanso kachitidwe kosavuta ka etherification.
2.2 Kutsimikiza kwa Infrared Spectroscopy
Ma cellulose otengedwa ku mapesi a hemp atalandira chithandizo komanso mawonekedwe a infuraredi a HPMC okonzedwa kuchokera ku cellulose ya phesi ya hemp. Pakati pawo, gulu lamphamvu komanso lalikulu loyamwa pa 3295 cm -1 ndi gulu lotambasula la HPMC Association hydroxyl, gulu loyamwa pa 1250 ~ 1460 cm -1 ndiye gulu loyamwa la CH, CH2 ndi CH3, ndi mayamwidwe. band pa 1600 cm -1 ndiye mayamwidwe amadzi mu gulu la mayamwidwe a polima. Gulu la mayamwidwe pa 1025cm -1 ndiye gulu la mayamwidwe la C - O - C mu polima.
2.3 Kutsimikiza kwa viscosity
Tengani chitsanzo cha cannabis stalk cellulose ether ndikuchiyika mu beaker kuti mukonzekere yankho lamadzi la 2%, gwedezani bwino, kuyeza kukhuthala kwake ndi kukhazikika kwa mamasukidwe ake ndi viscometer, ndikuyesa kukhuthala kwapakati katatu. Kukhuthala kwachitsanzo cha cannabis stalk cellulose ether chinali 11. 8 mpa.
2.4 Kukula kwa ntchito
2.4.1 Kusintha kwa Slurry
Slurry inakonzedwa mu 1000mL ya slurry ndi gawo lalikulu la 3.5%, kusonkhezera mofanana ndi chosakanizira, kenaka n'kuyikidwa mu osamba madzi ndi kutentha kwa 95 ° C kwa 1 h. Pa nthawi yomweyo, dziwani kuti zamkati kuphika chidebe ayenera losindikizidwa bwino kuteteza ndende ya slurry kukula chifukwa madzi evaporation.
2.4.2 Slurry kupanga pH, miscibility ndi COD
Sakanizani hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ndi kukula kwake kowuma kuti mukonzekere slurry (1#~4#), ndikuyerekeza ndi PVA formula slurry (0#) kuti muwunike pH, miscibility ndi COD. Ulusi wosakanikirana wa thonje wa poliyesitala T/C65/3514.7 udali pa makina a ESS1000, ndipo magwiridwe ake adawunikidwa.
Zitha kuwoneka kuti hemp phesi ya cellulose ether ndi kukula kwake kwa wowuma 3 # ndizomwe zimapangidwira kukula: 25% hemp phesi mapadi efa, 65% wowuma wosinthidwa ndi 10% FS-101.
Deta yonse imafanana ndi kukula kwa PVA, kusonyeza kuti kukula kosakanizika kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi wowuma wina wake kuli ndi ntchito yabwino; pH yake ili pafupi ndi ndale; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi wowuma yeniyeni COD (17459.2 mg / L) ya kukula kwake kosakanikirana ndi wowuma kunali kochepa kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa PVA (26448.0 mg / L), ndipo ntchito yoteteza chilengedwe inali yabwino.
3. Mapeto
Njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose pakukula ndi motere: chowonjezera chothamanga kwambiri chokhala ndi liwiro la 240-350 r/min, kachigawo kakang'ono ka sopo 35%, ndi chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana. alkali mapadi 2.4, kutentha methylation ndi 75 ℃, ndi kutentha hydroxypropylation ndi 50 ℃, aliyense anakhalabe kwa maola 2, madzi buku chiŵerengero cha methyl kolorayidi ndi propylene okusayidi ndi 7: 3, zingalowe, zimene kuthamanga ndi 2.0 MPa, isopropanol ndi diluent.
Hemp stalk cellulose ether idagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa kukula kwa PVA poyesa kukula kwake, ndipo kukula kwake kunali: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% modified starch ndi 10% FS-101. PH ya slurry ndi 6.5 ndipo COD (17459.2 mg / L) ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa ya PVA slurry (26448.0 mg / L), kusonyeza ntchito yabwino ya chilengedwe.
Hemp stalk cellulose ether idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga saizi m'malo mwa kukula kwa PVA poyesa ulusi wosakanikirana wa thonje T/C 65/3514.7tex. Sizing index ndi yofanana. The hemp phesi latsopano cellulose ether ndi kusinthidwa wowuma wosakanizidwa kukula akhoza m'malo PVA kukula.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-20-2023