PAC (Polyanionic Cellulose)

Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) ndi polima yosungunuka m'madzi yochokera ku cellulose, chinthu chopezeka mwachilengedwe chomwe chimapezeka muzomera. PAC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kubowola mafuta, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso kusinthasintha. Pankhani yakubowola mafuta, PAC imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika pakubowola madzi:

1. Viscosification: PAC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati viscosifier mumadzi obowola otengera madzi. Zimathandiza kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe amadzimadzi, kukulitsa luso lake loyimitsa ndi kunyamula zodulidwa zodulidwa ndi zolimba zina pamwamba. Izi zimathandiza kuti chitsime chikhale chokhazikika komanso kupewa kugwa kwa dzenje.
2. Fluid Loss Control: PAC imapanga keke yopyapyala yopyapyala pamakoma a chitsime, kumachepetsa kutayika kwamadzi obowola m'mapangidwe ozungulira. Izi zimathandiza kusunga umphumphu wa wellbore, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kubowola bwino.
3. Kusintha kwa Rheology: PAC imakhudza machitidwe oyenda komanso mawonekedwe amadzimadzi akubowola, kukulitsa kuyimitsidwa kwa zolimba ndikuchepetsa kukhazikika. Izi zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kosasinthasintha kwamadzimadzi obowola pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanirana.
4. Kuyeretsa Mabowo: Powonjezera kukhuthala ndi kunyamula mphamvu yamadzi obowola, PAC imathandizira kuyeretsa mabowo, kuthandizira kuchotsedwa kwa zodulidwa zoboola ndi zinyalala pachitsime.
5. Kutentha ndi Kukhazikika kwa Mchere: PAC imawonetsa kulolerana kwa kutentha kwambiri ndi mchere, kusunga kukhuthala kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha ndi mchere womwe umakumana nawo pobowola.
6. Imagwirizana ndi Zachilengedwe: PAC idachokera kuzinthu zongowonjezedwanso ndi zomera ndipo imatha kuwonongeka ndi chilengedwe, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe komanso yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo obowola omwe amakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe.

PAC imapezeka m'makalasi osiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe ogwirizana ndi zofunikira zamadzimadzi obowola komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito. Njira zowongolera zabwino zimatsimikizira kusasinthika komanso kutsata miyezo yamakampani, kuphatikiza mafotokozedwe a API (American Petroleum Institute) pakubowola zowonjezera zamadzimadzi.

Mwachidule, polyanionic cellulose (PAC) ndi chowonjezera chofunikira m'madzi obowola m'madzi pofufuza mafuta ndi gasi, kupereka viscosification, kuwongolera kutaya kwamadzimadzi, kusintha kwa rheology, ndi zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimathandizira pakubowola koyenera komanso kopambana.