Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ndi yosunthika komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yopanda ma ionic cellulose ether, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera. Zizindikiro zazikulu zaukadaulo za HPMC zitha kugawika mokulira muzinthu zakuthupi, zamankhwala, komanso magwiridwe antchito, chilichonse chimathandizira kuti chikhale choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zina.
1. Katundu Wakuthupi
a. Maonekedwe
HPMC nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyera mpaka yoyera, yopanda fungo komanso yopanda kukoma, kuwonetsa kuyera kwake komanso kukwanira kwake kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta monga mankhwala ndi chakudya.
b. Tinthu Kukula
The tinthu kukula kwa HPMC zingakhudze ake solubility ndi dispersibility m'madzi kapena solvents zina. Imapezeka m'makalasi osiyanasiyana, pomwe kukula kwa tinthu kumasiyana kuchokera ku ufa wosalala mpaka wobiriwira. Kukula kwa tinthu tating'ono nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kusungunuka mwachangu.
c. Kuchulukana Kwambiri
Kachulukidwe kachulukidwe ndichizindikiro chofunikira, makamaka pakuwongolera ndi kukonza. Nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku 0.25 mpaka 0.70 g/cm³, zomwe zimakhudza kayendedwe kazinthu komanso zofunikira pakuyika.
d. Chinyezi
Chinyezi mu HPMC chikuyenera kukhala chocheperako kuti chiwonetsetse bata ndikuletsa kugwa pakasungidwe. Chinyezi chokhazikika nthawi zambiri chimakhala pansi pa 5%, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 2-3%.
2. Chemical Properties
a. Zomwe zili mu Methoxy ndi Hydroxypropyl
Magulu olowa m'malo a methoxy (-OCH₃) ndi hydroxypropyl (-OCH₂CH₂OH) ndi magulu ofunikira amankhwala, omwe amathandizira kusungunuka, kutentha kwa gelation, ndi kukhuthala kwa HPMC. Zomwe zili mu methoxy zimachokera ku 19-30%, ndi hydroxypropyl kuchokera ku 4-12%.
b. Viscosity
Viscosity ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimatanthawuza momwe HPMC imagwirira ntchito. Amayezedwa munjira zamadzimadzi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito viscometer yozungulira. Viscosity imatha kuyambira ma centipoise (cP) mpaka 100,000 cP. Izi zosiyanasiyana amalola mwamakonda mu njira zosiyanasiyana mafakitale.
c. Mtengo wa pH
PH ya 2% yankho la HPMC nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 5.0 ndi 8.0. Kusalowerera ndale kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti zigwirizane m'mapangidwe, makamaka m'zamankhwala ndi zakudya.
d. Chiyero ndi Chidetso
Kuyera kwambiri ndikofunikira, makamaka pazakudya komanso zamagulu azamankhwala. Zonyansa monga zitsulo zolemera (mwachitsanzo, lead, arsenic) ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Zofotokozera nthawi zambiri zimafuna zitsulo zolemera kuti zikhale zosakwana 20 ppm.
3. Katundu Wantchito
a. Kusungunuka
HPMC imasungunuka m'madzi ozizira komanso otentha, ndikupanga njira zomveka bwino kapena zowoneka bwino. Izi solubility wapawiri ndi opindulitsa formulations zosiyanasiyana, kulola kusinthasintha zinthu processing.
b. Kutentha kwa Gelation
Katundu wapadera wa HPMC ndi kuthekera kwake kupanga ma gels pakuwotcha. Kutentha kwa gelation kumatengera kuchuluka kwa m'malo ndi ndende. Kutentha kwa gelation kumachokera ku 50 ° C mpaka 90 ° C. Katunduyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ngati mankhwala omwe amapangidwa mokhazikika muzamankhwala.
c. Kutha Kupanga Mafilimu
HPMC imatha kupanga makanema amphamvu, osinthika, komanso owonekera. Katunduyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zokutira, kutsekera kwa mankhwala, komanso kuwotcha kwazakudya.
d. Zochitika Zapamwamba
HPMC imawonetsa zinthu zogwira ntchito pamtunda, zomwe zimapereka emulsification ndi kukhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka muzodzoladzola, zamankhwala, ndi mafakitale azakudya komwe kumafunikira emulsion yokhazikika.
e. Kusunga Madzi
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za HPMC ndikutha kusunga madzi. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri posunga chinyezi, chomwe chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri popanga matope, ma pulasitala, ndi zodzoladzola.
4. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwachindunji ndi Zofunikira Zawo
a. Mankhwala
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira, choyambirira cha filimu, komanso chowongolera chotulutsa. Zizindikiro zaukadaulo monga kuyeretsedwa kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwapadera, ndi milingo yeniyeni yoloweza m'malo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito ndi chitetezo pamakina operekera mankhwala.
b. Zomangamanga
Pomanga, makamaka muzinthu za simenti ndi gypsum, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, kusunga madzi, ndi kumamatira. Apa, mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kukula kwa tinthu, komanso kusunga madzi ndikofunikira.
c. Makampani a Chakudya
HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, emulsifier, ndi stabilizer mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Pazogwiritsa ntchito zakudya, zizindikiro za chidwi zimaphatikizapo chiyero chapamwamba, chopanda poizoni, komanso mawonekedwe apadera a viscosity kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika komanso kukhazikika.
d. Zosamalira Pawekha ndi Zodzoladzola
M'zinthu zosamalira anthu, HPMC imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukhuthala, emulsifying, komanso kupanga mafilimu. Zizindikiro zovuta zimaphatikizapo kusungunuka, kukhuthala, ndi chiyero, kuonetsetsa kuti zimagwirizana ndi zinthu zina komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwala omaliza.
5. Kuwongolera Ubwino ndi Njira Zoyesera
Kuwongolera kwamtundu wa HPMC kumaphatikizapo kuyesa mozama za thupi ndi mankhwala ake. Njira zoyesera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi:
a. Kuyeza kwa Viscosity
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma viscometers ozungulira kuti muwone kukhuthala kwa mayankho a HPMC.
b. M'malo Analysis
Njira ngati ma spectroscopy a NMR amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa za methoxy ndi hydroxypropyl.
c. Kutsimikiza kwa Chinyezi
Karl Fischer titration kapena loss on drying (LOD) njira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
d. Kusanthula Kukula kwa Tinthu
Laser diffraction ndi sieving njira kutsimikizira tinthu kukula kugawa.
e. Kuyeza kwa pH
Ma pH mita amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza pH ya mayankho a HPMC kuwonetsetsa kuti akugwera mkati mwazomwe zatchulidwa.
f. Kuyesa Kwachitsulo Cholemera
Atomic mayamwidwe spectroscopy (AAS) kapena inductively wophatikizika plasma (ICP) kufufuza kufufuza zosafunika zitsulo.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ndi chowonjezera chogwira ntchito zambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimafunikira kumvetsetsa mwatsatanetsatane zizindikiro zake zaukadaulo. Maonekedwe, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kachulukidwe kachulukidwe, komanso kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito moyenera ndi kukonza. Katundu wa mankhwala kuphatikiza methoxy ndi hydroxypropyl zili, mamasukidwe akayendedwe, pH, ndi chiyero zimatengera kuyenerera kwake pakugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera. Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito monga kusungunuka, kutentha kwa kutentha, luso lopanga mafilimu, zochitika zapamtunda, ndi kusunga madzi zimatsimikiziranso kusinthasintha kwake. Potsatira njira zowongolera zowongolera, HPMC itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kukwaniritsa maudindo osiyanasiyana kuyambira zamankhwala mpaka zomangamanga.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-22-2024