Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji ma ether a cellulose?

Kupanga ma ethers oyera a cellulose kumaphatikizapo masitepe angapo, kuyambira pakuchotsa cellulose kuchokera kuzinthu zakumera kupita kukusintha kwamankhwala.

Ma cellulose Sourcing: Cellulose, polysaccharide yomwe imapezeka m'makoma a cellulose, imakhala ngati zopangira ma cellulose ethers. Magwero ambiri amaphatikizapo zamkati zamatabwa, thonje, ndi zomera zina za ulusi monga jute kapena hemp.

Pulping: Kupupa ndi njira yolekanitsa ulusi wa cellulose kuchokera ku mbewu. Izi zimatheka kudzera munjira zamakina kapena mankhwala. Mechanical pulping imaphatikizapo kugaya kapena kuyenga zinthuzo kuti zilekanitse ulusi, pamene kukoka kwa mankhwala, monga kraft process, kumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga sodium hydroxide ndi sodium sulfide kuti asungunuke lignin ndi hemicellulose, kusiya cellulose kumbuyo.

Bleaching (Mwachidziwitso): Ngati pakufunika chiyero chapamwamba, zamkati za cellulose zitha kuchitidwa bleaching kuchotsa lignin, hemicellulose, ndi zonyansa zina. Chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, kapena oxygen ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga izi.

Kuyambitsa: Ma cellulose ethers amakonzedwa pochita ma cellulose ndi alkali metal hydroxides kupanga alkali cellulose wapakatikati. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutupa ulusi wa cellulose mu njira ya sodium hydroxide kapena potaziyamu hydroxide pa kutentha kwakukulu. Gawo loyambitsali limapangitsa kuti cellulose ikhale yotakasuka kwambiri ku etherification.

Etherification: Etherification ndiye gawo lofunikira popanga ma cellulose ethers. Zimaphatikizapo kuyambitsa magulu a ether (monga methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, kapena magulu a hydroxypropyl) pamsana wa cellulose. Izi zimachitika popereka mankhwala a alkali cellulose ndi etherifying agents monga alkyl halides (mwachitsanzo, methyl chloride for methyl cellulose), alkylene oxides (mwachitsanzo, ethylene oxide for hydroxyethyl cellulose), kapena alkyl halohydrins (mwachitsanzo, propylene oxide ya hydroxypropyl cellulose). ) molamulidwa ndi kutentha, kupanikizika, ndi pH.

Neutralization ndi Kutsuka: Pambuyo pa etherification, zomwe zimasakanikirana sizimachotsedwa kuti zichotse mchere wambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika powonjezera asidi, monga hydrochloric acid kapena sulfuric acid, kuti achepetse alkali ndikuchepetsa cellulose ether. Chotsatiracho chimatsukidwa ndi madzi kuchotsa mankhwala otsala ndi zotsalira.

Kuyanika: Chotsukidwa cha cellulose ether chimawumitsidwa kuti chichotse chinyezi chochulukirapo ndikupeza mawonekedwe omaliza a ufa kapena granular. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga kuyanika mpweya, kuyanika ndi vacuum, kapena kuyanika ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Kuwongolera Ubwino: Njira zowongolera upangiri ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuyera, kusasinthika, komanso kufunidwa kwa ma cellulose ethers. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyesa chinthucho kuti chikhale ndi magawo monga kuchuluka kwa kusintha, kukhuthala, kugawa kukula kwa tinthu, chinyezi, komanso kuyera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikira monga titration, viscometry, ndi spectroscopy.

Kupaka ndi Kusunga: Ma cellulose ethers akaumidwa ndi kuyezedwa kuti ali ndi khalidwe labwino, amaikidwa m’mitsuko yoyenera ndi kusungidwa m’mikhalidwe yabwino kuti chinyonthocho chisatengeke ndi kuwonongeka. Malembo oyenerera ndi zolemba za batch ndizofunikiranso pakutsata komanso kutsata malamulo.

Potsatira izi, ndizotheka kupanga ma ether a cellulose omwe ali ndi zinthu zomwe amafunikira pazogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mankhwala, chakudya, zodzola, nsalu, ndi zomangira.