Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi gawo lofunikira la cellulose. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzomangamanga chifukwa cha kusungirako bwino kwa madzi, kukhuthala ndi kukhazikika kwa matope omangira.
1. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi makhalidwe a HPMC
HPMC ndi multifunctional polima zakuthupi opangidwa ndi kusinthidwa mankhwala zachilengedwe mapadi. M'mapangidwe ake amankhwala, magulu a hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CH(OH)CH₃) ndi methyl (-CH₃) amalowa m'malo mwa magulu a hydroxyl (-OH) pamagulu a cellulose, zomwe zimapangitsa HPMC kukhala ndi madzi abwino osungunuka komanso kukhuthala.
Kusungunuka: HPMC imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ozizira kuti ikhale yowonekera mpaka yamkaka. Zimasungunuka pang'onopang'ono m'madzi otentha, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigawidwe mofanana mumatope omanga.
Kusunga madzi: Unyolo wa polima wa HPMC umatha kuyamwa madzi bwino ndikupanga njira yotalikirapo ya colloidal, potero kuchepetsa kutayika kwa madzi.
Kukhazikika: HPMC ili ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala komanso kulekerera kutentha ndi mtengo wa pH, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwira ntchito mokhazikika pamapangidwe osiyanasiyana.
2. Udindo wa HPMC pomanga matope
Wonjezerani kusungirako madzi: HPMC ikhoza kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yosungira madzi pomanga matope, makamaka poyamwa madzi aulere mumatope ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kutuluka.
Kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito: Popeza HPMC imatha kupanga maukonde omwazika bwino mumatope, imatha kuwongolera pulasitiki ndi matope, ndikupangitsa kuti zomangamanga zikhale zosavuta.
Wonjezerani nthawi yotseguka: Kutha kwa HPMC kusunga chinyezi kumapangitsa kuti matope azikhala osasunthika oyenera kumanga kwa nthawi yayitali, motero amakulitsa nthawi yotseguka yamatope.
3. Njira ya HPMC yopititsa patsogolo kusunga madzi
Njira ya HPMC yopititsa patsogolo kasungidwe ka madzi mumatope makamaka imaphatikizapo izi:
Adsorption: Magulu a hydroxypropyl ndi methyl pa tcheni cha molekyulu ya HPMC amaphatikizana ndi mamolekyu amadzi kudzera mu ma hydrogen bond ndi mphamvu za van der Waals kuti apange wosanjikiza wokhazikika wa hydration. HPMC imatha kuyamwa madzi ambiri kuti apange gel okhazikika. Gelisi imeneyi imatha kukhala ndi chinyezi chambiri mumatope ndikuletsa kutuluka kwamadzi mwachangu.
Viscoelastic katundu: HPMC amasungunula m'madzi kupanga mkulu mamasukidwe akayendedwe colloidal njira, amene kwambiri kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi rheology wa matope. The mkulu mamasukidwe akayendedwe madzi gawo kumathandiza kuchepetsa kusamuka kwa madzi, kusunga yunifolomu kugawa madzi mu mtondo, ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira kulekana madzi (ie, madzi akuyandama ndi mpweya).
Mapangidwe a maukonde a Structural: HPMC imatha kupanga mawonekedwe olumikizana ndi maukonde munjira yamadzimadzi, yomwe imathandiza kutseka m'madzi ndikuletsa kuyenda kwake mumatope, potero kumapangitsa kuti madzi asungidwe mumatope. Kapangidwe ka netiweki kameneka ka HPMC kamalola kuti matope azikhala onyezimira panthawi yowumitsidwa, kupewa zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutayika kwa madzi.
Colloidal chotchinga chotchinga: Chotchinga cha colloidal chopangidwa ndi HPMC mumatope chimatha kuletsa madzi kufalikira kunja. Chotchinga ichi chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti madzi atuluke mumatope, motero amawonjezera kusungidwa kwamadzi mumatope.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa HPMC kusunga madzi
M'machitidwe othandiza, kusungidwa kwa madzi kwa HPMC kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a matope, kuphatikiza kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a matope, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusweka kwa shrinkage, komanso kukulitsa mphamvu zama bond. Zotsatira izi zikukambidwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
Kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito: The njira ya colloidal yopangidwa ndi HPMC mumtondo imatha kudzoza tinthu tating'ono mumatope, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a matope, ndikupangitsa kuti ntchito yomanga ikhale yosavuta.
Chepetsani kuchepa ndi kusweka: Popeza HPMC imatha kusunga chinyezi mumatope, imachepetsa kutayika kwa chinyezi panthawi yowumitsa, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti tipewe kuchepa ndi kusweka kwa matope. Mtondo womwe umakhalabe wonyowa panthawi yowumitsa umakhala ndi kupsinjika pang'ono, motero kumachepetsa kuthekera kwa kusweka.
Limbikitsani mphamvu zomangira: Chinyezi chogawika bwino mumtondo chimathandizira kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a matope, kuonetsetsa kuti tinthu tating'ono ta simenti tili ndi madzi okwanira, ndipo pamapeto pake timapanga mgwirizano wamphamvu. HPMC ikhoza kupereka malo onyowa kwa nthawi yayitali, kupangitsa kuti simenti ikhale yokwanira, potero kumawonjezera mphamvu yomangira matope.
5. Zomwe zimakhudza HPMC pakupanga matope
Mphamvu yosungiramo madzi ya HPMC imakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza kulemera kwake kwa maselo, kuchuluka kwa m'malo, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka ndi chiŵerengero cha matope.
Kulemera kwa mamolekyu: Nthawi zambiri, kulemera kwa maselo a HPMC kumapangitsa kuti madzi asungidwe. Komabe, kulemera kwakukulu kwa mamolekyu kungayambitsenso kuchepa kwa kusungunuka, kotero kuti mugwiritse ntchito, m'pofunika kusankha kulemera kwa maselo oyenera malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni.
Mlingo wolowa m'malo: Kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl ndi methyl mu HPMC kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe ake. Kulowa m'malo koyenera kungapereke kusunga kwabwino kwa madzi ndi kusungunuka, koma kulowetsedwa kwakukulu kapena kutsika kwambiri kungakhudze momwe madzi amagwirira ntchito.
Kuchuluka kowonjezera: Kuchulukitsa kwa HPMC kumakhudza mwachindunji kusungidwa kwamadzi mumatope. Kawirikawiri, ndalama zowonjezera zimakhala pakati pa 0.1% ndi 0.3%. Kuonjezera kwambiri kumawonjezera mtengo ndipo kungakhudze katundu wina wamatope.
Chiŵerengero cha matope: Chiŵerengero cha zigawo zina mumatope, monga simenti, mchenga ndi zodzaza, zidzakhudzanso kusungidwa kwa madzi kwa HPMC. Chiŵerengero chololera chingathe kusewera bwino ndi HPMC.
HPMC imatenga gawo lalikulu pakusunga madzi pomanga matope kudzera mu kapangidwe kake kapadera kamankhwala komanso mawonekedwe ake. njira zake zazikulu monga adsorbing madzi kupanga khola hydration wosanjikiza, kuonjezera matope mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kupanga dongosolo maukonde ndi colloidal chotchinga, etc. Mu ntchito zothandiza, HPMC osati bwino workability ndi kugwirizana mphamvu ya matope, komanso amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuchepa ndi kusweka. M'tsogolomu, ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ya zipangizo, kugwiritsa ntchito HPMC mu zipangizo zomangira kudzakhala kwakukulu komanso kosiyana, ndikupitiriza kupereka mayankho apamwamba pa ntchito yomanga.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-26-2024