Chidule:
Monga chowonjezera chofunika kwambiri mu zomatira za matailosi, cellulose ether imakhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu pa kujambula mphamvu ndi nthawi yotseguka ya zomatira za matailosi, ndipo zinthu ziwirizi ndi zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zomatira zamtundu wapamwamba. Zotsatira za ma ether pazinthu zomatira matayala zimafotokozedwa mwachidule ndikuwunikiridwa.
Cellulose ether; Kukoka mfundo mphamvu; Nthawi yotsegula
1 Mawu Oyamba
Zomatira zomatira za simenti pakali pano ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamatope osakanikirana owuma, omwe amapangidwa ndi simenti monga chinthu chachikulu cha simenti ndikuphatikizidwa ndi magulu ophatikizika, osungira madzi, othandizira mphamvu zoyambira, ufa wa latex ndi zina zowonjezera organic kapena organic. kusakaniza. Nthawi zambiri, zimangofunika kusakanikirana ndi madzi zikagwiritsidwa ntchito. Poyerekeza ndi matope wamba a simenti, imatha kusintha kwambiri mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa zinthu zomwe zikuyang'anizana ndi gawo lapansi, ndipo imakhala ndi kukana bwino komanso kukana madzi ndi madzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuyika zinthu zokongoletsera monga kumanga mkati ndi kunja kwa khoma matailosi, matailosi pansi, etc. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mkati ndi kunja kwa makoma, pansi, zimbudzi, khitchini ndi malo ena okongoletsera nyumba. Pakali pano ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Tile bonding material.
Kawirikawiri tikamaweruza ntchito ya zomatira matailosi, sitimangoganizira za ntchito yake komanso mphamvu zotsutsana ndi kutsetsereka, komanso kumvetsera mphamvu zake zamakina ndi nthawi yotsegula. Ma cellulose ether mu zomatira matailosi sikuti amangokhudza rheological katundu wa zomatira zadothi, monga ntchito yosalala, zomata mpeni, etc., komanso ali ndi chikoka champhamvu pa makina zimatha zomatira matailosi.
2. Chikoka pa nthawi yotseguka ya zomatira matailosi
Pamene ufa mphira ndi mapadi etero kukhalapo mu chonyowa matope, zitsanzo zina deta zimasonyeza kuti ufa mphira ali wamphamvu kinetic mphamvu angagwirizanitse simenti hydration mankhwala, ndi mapadi etero alipo kwambiri mu interstitial madzimadzi, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri Mortar mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kuika nthawi. Kuchulukana kwapang'onopang'ono kwa cellulose ether ndikwapamwamba kuposa ufa wa mphira, ndipo kuchulukitsa kwa cellulose etha pamawonekedwe amatope kudzakhala kopindulitsa pakupanga zomangira za haidrojeni pakati pa maziko apansi ndi mapadi a cellulose.
Mumtondo wonyowa, madzi mumtondo amasanduka nthunzi, ndipo cellulose ether imapindula pamwamba, ndipo filimu idzapangidwa pamwamba pa matope mkati mwa mphindi 5, zomwe zidzachepetsa kuchepa kwa evaporation, monga madzi ochulukirapo. kuchotsedwa matope wandiweyani Mbali ya izo amasamukira ku woonda matope wosanjikiza, ndi filimu anapanga pachiyambi ndi pang'ono kusungunuka, ndi kusamuka kwa madzi adzabweretsa kwambiri mapadi etere kulemeretsa pa matope pamwamba. Monga momwe chithunzi 1 chikusonyezera
Choncho, kupanga filimu ya cellulose ether pamwamba pa matope kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya matope. 1) Filimu yopangidwa ndi yowonda kwambiri ndipo idzasungunuka kawiri, zomwe sizingachepetse kutuluka kwa madzi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu. 2) Firimu yopangidwa ndi yochuluka kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether mumatope amadzimadzi amadzimadzi ndipamwamba, kukhuthala kwake kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo sikophweka kuthyola filimu yapamwamba pamene matayala aikidwa. Zitha kuwoneka kuti mawonekedwe opanga mafilimu a cellulose ether amakhudza kwambiri nthawi yotseguka.
Mtundu wa cellulose ether (HPMC, HEMC, MC, etc.) ndi digiri ya etherification (digiri yolowa m'malo) imakhudza mwachindunji mapangidwe a filimu ya cellulose ether, komanso kuuma ndi kulimba kwa filimuyo.
Kusamuka kwa cellulose etha mumtondo wonyowa (kumtunda ndi matailosi a ceramic wandiweyani, gawo lapansi ndi maziko a konkriti)
3 Chikoka pa mphamvu yokoka
Kuphatikiza pa kupereka zinthu zopindulitsa zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, cellulose ether imachedwetsanso hydration kinetics ya simenti. Izi retarding zotsatira makamaka chifukwa adsorption wa cellulose etha mamolekyu pa magawo osiyanasiyana mchere mu dongosolo simenti kukhala hydrated, koma zambiri kulankhula, mgwirizano ndi kuti mapadi etero mamolekyu makamaka adsorbed pa madzi monga CSH ndi calcium hydroxide. Pa mankhwala mankhwala, kawirikawiri adsorbed pa choyambirira mchere gawo la clinker. Kuphatikiza apo, ether ya cellulose imachepetsa kusuntha kwa ayoni (Ca2+, SO42-, ...) mu njira ya pore chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mamasukidwe a pore yankho, potero kuchedwetsanso njira ya hydration.
Viscosity ndi gawo lina lofunikira, lomwe limayimira mawonekedwe amankhwala a cellulose ether. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kukhuthala kumakhudza makamaka mphamvu yosungira madzi komanso kumakhudza kwambiri kugwira ntchito kwa matope atsopano. Komabe, kafukufuku woyesera apeza kuti kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether sikungakhudze chilichonse pa simenti ya hydration kinetics. Kulemera kwa mamolekyulu kumakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa hydration, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zolemetsa zosiyanasiyana zamagulu ndi 10min yokha. Chifukwa chake, kulemera kwa ma cell si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chowongolera simenti ya hydration.
Zomwe zimachitika ndizoti kwa MHEC, kuchuluka kwa methylation kumakwera, kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa cellulose ether. Kuonjezera apo, zotsatira zowonongeka za hydrophilic substitution (monga m'malo mwa HEC) zimakhala zamphamvu kuposa za hydrophobic substitution (monga m'malo mwa MH, MHEC, MHPC). Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya cellulose ether kumakhudzidwa makamaka ndi magawo awiri, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa magulu olowa m'malo.
Kuyesera kwathu mwadongosolo kudapezanso kuti zomwe zili m'malo mwake zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulimba kwamakina a zomatira zamatayilo. Tinayesa ntchito ya HPMC ndi magawo osiyanasiyana olowa m'malo mwa zomatira za matailosi, ndikuyesa zotsatira za ma cellulose ethers okhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana pansi pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira pa Mphamvu ya makina a zomatira za matailosi, Chithunzi 2 ndi Chithunzi 3 ndi zotsatira za kusintha. mu zinthu za methoxyl (DS) ndi hydroxypropoxyl (MS) zomwe zimakoka zomatira za matailosi kutentha kutentha.
M'mayeso, timaganizira za HPMC, yomwe ndi ether yowonjezera, kotero tiyenera kuyika zithunzi ziwiri pamodzi. Kwa HPMC, imafunika kuyamwa pang'ono kuti iwonetsetse kusungunuka kwake m'madzi ndi kufalikira kwake. Timadziwa zomwe zili m'malo mwake Zimatsimikiziranso kutentha kwa gel osakaniza HPMC, komwe kumatsimikiziranso malo ogwiritsira ntchito HPMC. Mwanjira iyi, zomwe zili mugulu la HPMC zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito zimayikidwanso m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Munjira iyi, momwe mungaphatikizire methoxy ndi hydroxypropoxy Kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira zabwino ndizomwe zili mu kafukufuku wathu. Mkati mwamtundu wina, kuwonjezeka kwa magulu a methoxyl kudzatsogolera kutsika kwa mphamvu zokoka, pamene kuwonjezeka kwa magulu a hydroxypropoxyl kudzatsogolera kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yokoka. Pali zotsatira zofanana ndi maola otsegulira. Zotsatira za HPMC zokhala ndi zinthu zina zosinthira pamakina pamakina pansi pa nthawi yotseguka ya mphindi 20.
Kusintha kwa mphamvu zamakina pansi pa nthawi yotseguka kumagwirizana ndi kutentha kwabwino, komwe kumagwirizana ndi kulimba kwa filimu ya cellulose ether yomwe takambirana mu Gawo 2. Zomwe zili mu methoxyl (DS) ndizokwera komanso zomwe zili. wa hydroxypropoxyl HPMC ndi otsika (MS) zili ndi kulimba zabwino filimu, koma zidzakhudza wettability wa chonyowa matope pamwamba zakuthupi.
4 Mwachidule
Ma cellulose ethers, makamaka ma methyl cellulose ethers monga HEMC ndi HPMC, ndizowonjezera zofunika pazambiri zosakaniza zowuma. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha cellulose ethers ndi kusunga kwawo madzi muzomangamanga zamchere. Ngati cellulose ether sichiwonjezedwa, matope opyapyala amatope amauma mofulumira kwambiri, kotero kuti simentiyo siingathe kusungunuka mwachibadwa, kotero kuti matope sangathe kuumitsa ndipo sangathe kupeza zinthu zabwino zomangira pansi. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kasungidwe ka madzi a cellulose ether, monga mlingo ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, ndi kapangidwe kake mkati: kuchuluka kwa m'malo kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito yomaliza ya matope. Kwa nthawi yayitali, takhulupirira kuti kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether ndikofunikira pazida zokhala ndi simenti. Nthawi yoyika simenti ili ndi chikoka chachikulu. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa apeza kuti kusintha kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe sikukhudza kwambiri nthawi yoyika simenti. M'malo mwake, mtundu ndi kuphatikiza magulu olowa m'malo ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya cellulose ether. Pamene tikuyembekezera mkulu-ntchito matailosi zomatira mankhwala, sitiyenera kuganizira rheological katundu kusintha obwera chifukwa cha mapadi ether, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matope asamavutike, komanso kuganizira zotsatira makina a mapadi ether mankhwala ndi digiri yoyenera ya. m'malo. perekani.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-09-2023