Selulosi Ether mu Paper Viwanda

Pepalali likuwonetsa mitundu, njira zokonzekera, mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pamakampani opanga mapepala, amaika mitundu ina yatsopano ya ma cellulose ether omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chachitukuko, ndikukambirana momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kakulidwe kawo pakupanga mapepala.

Mawu ofunikira:cellulose ether; ntchito; makampani opanga mapepala

Cellulose ndi chilengedwe polima pawiri, kapangidwe ake mankhwala ndi polysaccharide macromolecule ndi anhydrousβ-glucose ngati mphete yoyambira, ndipo mphete iliyonse ili ndi gulu loyambirira la hydroxyl ndi gulu lachiwiri la hydroxyl. Kupyolera mu kusintha kwake kwa mankhwala, mndandanda wa zotumphukira za cellulose zitha kupezeka. The njira yokonza mapadi efa ndi kuchita mapadi ndi NaOH, ndiye kuchita etherification anachita ndi zosiyanasiyana zinchito reactants monga methyl kolorayidi, ethylene okusayidi, propylene okusayidi, etc., ndiyeno kusamba ndi mankhwala mchere ndi mapalo sodium kupeza. mankhwala. Cellulose ether ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za cellulose, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzamankhwala ndi ukhondo, makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku lililonse, kupanga mapepala, chakudya, mankhwala, zomangamanga, zida ndi mafakitale ena. M’zaka zaposachedwapa, maiko akunja aona kuti kufufuzako n’kofunika kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zambiri zatheka pogwiritsira ntchito kufufuza koyambirira, kugwiritsira ntchito zotulukapo zothandiza, ndi kukonzekera. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, anthu ena ku China pang'onopang'ono anayamba kuchita nawo kafukufuku wa mbali imeneyi, ndipo poyamba akwaniritsa zina mwazochita kupanga. Chifukwa chake, kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito cellulose ether kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsiridwa ntchito kokwanira kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zongowonjezwdwanso komanso kuwongolera bwino kwa pepala ndi magwiridwe antchito. Ndi mtundu watsopano wa zowonjezera mapepala oyenera kupangidwa.

1. Kugawa ndi kukonzekera njira za cellulose ethers

Gulu la cellulose ethers nthawi zambiri limagawidwa m'magulu 4 molingana ndi ionicity.

1.1 Nonionic Cellulose Ether

Non-ionic mapadi efa makamaka mapadi alkyl efa, ndi kukonzekera njira ndi kuchita mapadi ndi NaOH, ndiyeno kuchita etherification anachita ndi monomers osiyanasiyana zinchito monga monochloromethane, ethylene okusayidi, propylene okusayidi, etc. , ndiyeno analandira mwa kutsuka The by-product salt ndi cellulose sodium, makamaka methyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, cyanoethyl Cellulose ether ndi hydroxybutyl cellulose ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

1.2 Anionic cellulose ether

Ma anionic cellulose ethers amakhala makamaka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose. Njira yokonzekera ndikuchita cellulose ndi NaOH kenako ndikuchita ether ndi chloroacetic acid, ethylene oxide ndi propylene oxide. Mankhwala anachita, ndiyeno akalandira ndi kutsuka ndi mankhwala mchere ndi sodium mapaipi.

1.3 Cationic Cellulose Ether

Cationic Ma cellulose ethers makamaka amaphatikizapo 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride cellulose ether, yomwe imakonzedwa ndikuchitapo kanthu pa cellulose ndi NaOH kenako ndikuchitapo kanthu ndi cationic etherifying agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride kapena etherification reaction ndi propylene oxide ndi ethylene oxide, kenako kupezedwa ndi kutsuka ndi-mankhwala mchere ndi sodium cellulose.

1.4 Zwitterionic Cellulose Ether

Mamolekyulu a zwitterionic cellulose ether ali ndi magulu anionic ndi magulu a cationic. Kukonzekera kwake njira ndi kuchita mapadi ndi NaOH ndiyeno anachita ndi monochloroacetic asidi ndi cationic etherification wothandizira 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethylammonium kolorayidi ndi etherified, ndiyeno analandira ndi kutsuka ndi mankhwala mchere ndi sodium mapaipi.

2. Ntchito ndi makhalidwe a cellulose ether

2.1 Kupanga mafilimu ndi kumamatira

The etherification wa mapadi ether ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa makhalidwe ake ndi katundu, monga solubility, filimu kupanga luso, chomangira mphamvu ndi kukana mchere. Ma cellulose ether ali ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, kusinthasintha, kukana kutentha ndi kukana kuzizira, ndipo kumagwirizana bwino ndi ma resin osiyanasiyana ndi mapulasitiki, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mapulasitiki, mafilimu, ma varnish, zomatira, latex Ndi zipangizo zokutira mankhwala, ndi zina zotero.

2.2 Kusungunuka

Ma cellulose ether ali ndi kusungunuka kwamadzi kwabwino chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa magulu a polyhydroxyl, ndipo ali ndi kusankha kosungunulira kosiyanasiyana kwa zosungunulira za organic malinga ndi m'malo osiyanasiyana. Methylcellulose amasungunuka m'madzi ozizira, osasungunuka m'madzi otentha, komanso amasungunuka m'madzi ena; methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose imasungunuka m'madzi ozizira, osasungunuka m'madzi otentha ndi zosungunulira za organic. Komabe, njira yamadzimadzi ya methylcellulose ndi methylhydroxyethylcellulose ikatenthedwa, methylcellulose ndi methylhydroxyethylcellulose zidzayamba. Methyl cellulose imatenthedwa pa 45-60°C, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya wa etherified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose kumawonjezeka kufika 65-80.°C. Kutentha kukatsika, mpweyawo umasungunukanso. Hydroxyethylcellulose ndi sodium carboxymethylcellulose amasungunuka m'madzi pa kutentha kulikonse komanso osasungunuka mu zosungunulira za organic (kupatulapo zochepa). Pogwiritsa ntchito malowa, zochotsa mafuta osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zosungunuka zamafilimu zitha kukonzedwa.

2.3 Kuchulukitsa

Ma cellulose ether amasungunuka m'madzi mu mawonekedwe a colloid, kukhuthala kwake kumadalira pamlingo wa polymerization wa cellulose ether, ndipo yankho lili ndi macromolecules a hydrate. Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa ma macromolecules, machitidwe otaya mayankho amasiyana ndi a Newtonian fluid, koma amawonetsa machitidwe omwe amasintha ndi kukameta ubweya. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a macromolecular a cellulose ether, kukhuthala kwa yankho kumawonjezeka kwambiri ndikuwonjezeka kwa ndende ndikucheperako mwachangu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha. Malinga ndi mikhalidwe yake, ma cellulose ethers monga carboxymethyl cellulose ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zolimbitsa thupi pamankhwala atsiku ndi tsiku, zosunga madzi zokutira mapepala, ndi zokutira zokutira zomanga.

2.4 Kuwonongeka

Pamene cellulose ether imasungunuka m'madzi, mabakiteriya amakula, ndipo kukula kwa mabakiteriya kudzatsogolera kupanga mabakiteriya a enzyme. Enzymeyi imathyola zomangira za unit ya anhydroglucose zomwe sizinalowe m'malo moyandikana ndi cellulose ether, kumachepetsa kulemera kwake kwa polima. Chifukwa chake, ngati njira yamadzimadzi ya cellulose etere iyenera kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zotetezera ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kwa izo, ndipo njira zina zowononga antiseptic ziyenera kutengedwa ngakhale ma cellulose ethers okhala ndi antibacterial properties.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito cellulose ether mumakampani opanga mapepala

3.1 Wothandizira mapepala

Mwachitsanzo, CMC ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati fiber dispersant ndi pepala kulimbikitsa wothandizira, zomwe zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku zamkati. Popeza sodium carboxymethyl cellulose imakhala ndi mtengo wofanana ndi zamkati ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, imatha kukulitsa kufanana kwa ulusi. Kulumikizana pakati pa ulusi kumatha kupitilizidwa, ndipo zizindikiro zakuthupi monga kulimba kwamphamvu, kuphulika kwamphamvu, komanso kufanana kwa pepala kumatha kuwongoleredwa. Mwachitsanzo, Longzhu ndi ena ntchito 100% bleached sulfite nkhuni zamkati, 20% talcum ufa, 1% omwazika rosin guluu, kusintha pH mtengo 4.5 ndi zotayidwa sulphate, ndi ntchito apamwamba mamasukidwe akayendedwe kukhuthala CMC (kukhuthala 800 ~ 1200MPA.S) Digiri kusintha ndi 0.6. Zitha kuwoneka kuti CMC imatha kupititsa patsogolo kulimba kwa pepala komanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwake.

3.2 Surface sizing agent

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati pepala pamwamba saizi wothandizila kukonza pamwamba mphamvu ya pepala. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumatha kukulitsa mphamvu yakumtunda ndi pafupifupi 10% poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito panopo mowa wa polyvinyl ndi wowuma wosinthidwa, ndipo mlingowo utha kuchepetsedwa ndi 30%. Ndi chida chodalirika kwambiri chopangira mapepala, ndipo mitundu yatsopanoyi iyenera kupangidwa mwachangu. Cationic cellulose ether ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwinoko kuposa cationic wowuma. Iwo sangakhoze kusintha pamwamba mphamvu ya pepala, komanso kusintha inki mayamwidwe ntchito pepala ndi kuonjezera utoto tingati. Ilinso ndi chiyembekezo choyezera kukula kwapamwamba. Mo Lihuan ndi ena adagwiritsa ntchito sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi wowuma wothira oxidized kuyesa kukula kwapamwamba pamapepala ndi makatoni. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti CMC ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri.

Methyl carboxymethyl cellulose sodium imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ena, ndipo carboxymethyl cellulose sodium imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zamkati. Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwake, cationic cellulose ether itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati Fyuluta yothandizira posungira mapepala, kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa ulusi wabwino ndi zodzaza, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholimbikitsira mapepala.

3.3 Emulsion stabilizer

Ma cellulose ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonzekera emulsion chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwabwino mu njira yamadzimadzi, yomwe imatha kukulitsa kukhuthala kwa emulsion kubalalitsidwa sing'anga ndikuletsa mpweya wa emulsion ndi stratification. Monga sodium carboxymethyl mapadi, hydroxyethyl mapadi etere, hydroxypropyl mapadi efa, etc. angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga stabilizers ndi wothandizila zoteteza kwa anionic omwazika rosin chingamu, cationic mapadi efa, hydroxyethyl mapadi efa, hydroxypropyl mapadi efa, ether cellulose cellulose, etc. ether, etc. itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zoteteza kwa cationic disperse rosin chingamu, AKD, ASA ndi ma sizing agents. Longzhu et al. ntchito 100% bleached sulfite nkhuni zamkati, 20% talcum ufa, 1% omwazika rosin guluu, kusintha pH mtengo 4.5 ndi zotayidwa sulphate, ndi ntchito apamwamba mamasukidwe akayendedwe CMC (kukhuthala 800 ~ 12000MPA.S). Mlingo wolowa m'malo ndi 0.6, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mkati. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pazotsatira kuti kukula kwa mphira wa rosin wokhala ndi CMC mwachiwonekere kumayenda bwino, komanso kukhazikika kwa emulsion ya rosin ndikwabwino, komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu za mphira ndikokwera kwambiri.

3.4 Kutsekera kosungira madzi

Izo ntchito ❖ kuyanika ndi processing pepala ❖ kuyanika binder, cyanoethyl mapadi, hydroxyethyl mapadi, etc. akhoza m'malo casein ndi mbali ya latex, kuti inki yosindikiza mosavuta kulowa ndi m'mbali bwino. Carboxymethyl cellulose ndi hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dispersant pigment, thickener, madzi posungira wothandizira ndi stabilizer. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa cellulose ya carboxymethyl yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungira madzi pokonzekera zokutira zamapepala ndi 1-2%.

4. Njira Yachitukuko ya Cellulose Etere Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito M'makampani Apepala

Kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa mankhwala kuti mupeze zotumphukira za cellulose ndi ntchito zapadera ndi njira yabwino yopezera ntchito zatsopano zapadziko lonse lapansi zapadziko lonse lapansi za cellulose yachilengedwe. Pali mitundu yambiri yochokera ku cellulose ndi ntchito zambiri, ndipo ma cellulose ethers akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosowa zamakampani opanga mapepala, chitukuko cha cellulose ether chiyenera kulabadira zotsatirazi:

(1) Pangani zinthu zosiyanasiyana za ma etha a cellulose oyenera ntchito zamafakitale zamapepala, monga zinthu zingapo zomwe zili ndi magawo osiyanasiyana olowa m'malo, ma viscosities osiyanasiyana, ndi unyinji wosiyanasiyana wama cellulose, posankha kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamapepala.

(2) Kukula kwa mitundu yatsopano ya ma cellulose ethers kuyenera kuonjezedwa, monga ma cationic cellulose ethers oyenera kusungitsa mapepala ndi zida za ngalande, zowerengera zapamadzi, ndi ma ether a zwitterionic cellulose omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati othandizira kuti alowe m'malo mwa latex Cyanoethyl cellulose ether. ndi zina zotero monga chomangira.

(3) Limbikitsani kafukufuku wokhudza kukonzekera kwa cellulose ether ndi njira yake yatsopano yokonzekera, makamaka kafukufuku wochepetsera mtengo ndi kuphweka.

(4) Limbikitsani kafukufuku wa zinthu za cellulose ethers, makamaka mafilimu opanga mafilimu, zomangira zomangiriza ndi kukhuthala kwa ma cellulose ethers osiyanasiyana, ndikulimbitsa kafukufuku wamalingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito ma cellulose ethers popanga mapepala.