Ma cellulose Ether ndi Starch Ether pa Properties of Dry-Mixed Mortar

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya etere ya cellulose ndi wowuma ether idaphatikizidwa kukhala matope osakanizika owuma, ndipo kusasunthika, kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino, mphamvu zopondereza komanso mphamvu zomangirira za matope zidaphunziridwa moyesera. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti cellulose ether ndi starch ether zitha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a matope, ndipo zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, magwiridwe antchito amatope amakhala abwinoko.

Mawu ofunikira: cellulose ether; wowuma ether; matope osakaniza owuma

Tondo wamba ali ndi kuipa kwa kutuluka magazi mosavuta, ming'alu, ndi mphamvu yochepa. Sikophweka kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamtengo wapatali wa nyumba zapamwamba, ndipo n'zosavuta kuyambitsa phokoso ndi kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe panthawi yopanga. Ndikusintha kwazomwe anthu amafunikira pomanga malo abwino komanso zachilengedwe, matope osakanizika owuma omwe ali ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mtondo wosakanizika wowuma, womwe umadziwikanso kuti matope osakanikirana, ndi chinthu chosamalizidwa bwino chomwe chimasakanizidwa bwino ndi zida za simenti, zophatikizika bwino, ndi zophatikizika mugawo linalake. Zimatengedwa kupita kumalo omanga m'matumba kapena zambiri kuti zisakanize ndi madzi.

Ma cellulose ether ndi starch ether ndiawiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi matope opangira nyumba. Cellulose ether ndiye gawo loyambira la anhydroglucose lomwe limapezeka kuchokera ku cellulose yachilengedwe kudzera mu etherification reaction. Ndi polima yosungunuka m'madzi ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito ngati mafuta mumatope. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuchepetsa kusasinthika kwa matope, kupangitsa kuti matopewo azigwira ntchito bwino, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi osungika mumtondo, ndikuchepetsa kung'ambika kwa matope. Wowuma ether ndi wowuma m'malo mwa ether wopangidwa ndi momwe magulu a hydroxyl mu mamolekyu owuma okhala ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito. Ili ndi luso lokulitsa mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo mlingo wochepa kwambiri ukhoza kupeza zotsatira zabwino. Nthawi zambiri amasakanizidwa ndi cellulose mumatope omanga Gwiritsani ntchito ndi ether.

1. Yesani

1.1 Zopangira

Simenti: Ishii P·O42.5R simenti, muyezo kusasinthasintha madzi kumwa 26.6%.

Mchenga: mchenga wapakati, fineness modulus 2.7.

Cellulose ether: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC), mamasukidwe akayendedwe 90000MPa·s (2% yankho lamadzi, 20°C), zoperekedwa ndi Shandong Yiteng New Material Co., Ltd.

Starch ether: hydroxypropyl starch ether (HPS), yoperekedwa ndi Guangzhou Moke Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

Madzi: madzi apampopi.

1.2 Njira yoyesera

Malinga ndi njira zomwe zafotokozedwa mu "Standards for Basic Performance Test Methods of Building Mortar" JGJ/T70 ndi "Technical Regulations for Plastering Mortar" JGJ/T220, kukonzekera kwa zitsanzo ndi kuzindikira magawo a magwiridwe antchito kumachitika.

Pachiyeso ichi, kumwa madzi kwa benchmark mortar DP-M15 kumatsimikiziridwa ndi 98mm, ndipo chiŵerengero cha matope ndi simenti: mchenga: madzi = 1: 4: 0.8. Mlingo wa cellulose ether mumatope ndi 0-0.6%, ndipo mlingo wa starch ether ndi 0-0.07%. Posintha mlingo wa cellulose ether ndi wowuma ether, zimapezeka kuti kusintha kwa mlingo wa admixture kumakhudza matope. kukhudza magwiridwe antchito. Zomwe zili mu cellulose ether ndi starch ether zimawerengedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa simenti.

2. Zotsatira zoyesa ndi kusanthula

2.1 Zotsatira za mayeso ndi kusanthula kwa single-doped admixture

Malingana ndi chiŵerengero cha ndondomeko yoyesera yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, kuyesera kunachitika, ndipo zotsatira za kusakanizika kosakanikirana kumodzi pa kusasinthasintha, kuoneka kachulukidwe, mphamvu yopondereza ndi mphamvu yogwirizanitsa ya matope osakaniza owuma anapezedwa.

Kusanthula zotsatira zoyeserera za zosakaniza zosakanikirana kumodzi, zitha kuwoneka kuti wowuma ether akasakanizidwa yekha, kusasinthika kwa matope kumachepa mosalekeza poyerekeza ndi matope opangira benchmark ndi kuchuluka kwa wowuma ether, komanso kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino kwa matope. matope adzawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Kuchepa, koma nthawi zonse kuposa kachulukidwe ka benchmark matope owoneka bwino, matope 3d ndi 28d mphamvu yopondereza idzapitilirabe kuchepa, ndipo nthawi zonse imakhala yocheperako mphamvu yopondereza ya matope, ndi index ya mphamvu zomangira, ndikuwonjezera kwa wowuma ether, mphamvu ya mgwirizano imayamba kuwonjezereka kenako imachepa, ndipo nthawi zonse imakhala yokulirapo kuposa mtengo wa matope a benchmark. Pamene mapadi efa wothira mapadi etere yekha, monga kuchuluka kwa mapadi etere ukuwonjezeka kuchokera 0 mpaka 0,6%, kugwirizana kwa matope amachepetsa mosalekeza poyerekeza ndi matope Buku, koma osachepera 90mm, amene amaonetsetsa bwino yomanga matope, ndi kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino ali Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mphamvu yopondereza ya 3d ndi 28d ndi yochepa kuposa ya matope ofotokozera, ndipo imachepa mosalekeza ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo, pamene mphamvu yomangirira imakula kwambiri. Pamene mlingo wa cellulose ether ndi 0.4% , mphamvu yomangira matope imakhala yaikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri mphamvu yomangira matope.

2.2 Zotsatira za mayeso osakanikirana osakanikirana

Malingana ndi chiŵerengero cha kusakaniza kwapangidwe mu chiŵerengero cha admixture, chitsanzo cha matope osakaniza admixture chinakonzedwa ndikuyesedwa, ndipo zotsatira za kusasinthasintha kwamatope, kachulukidwe kowoneka, mphamvu zopondereza ndi mphamvu zomangira zinapezedwa.

2.2.1 Mphamvu ya kusakanikirana kwapawiri pa kusasinthika kwamatope

Kusasinthasintha pamapindikira amapezedwa malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso a compounding admixtures. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku izi kuti pamene kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether ndi 0,2% mpaka 0.6%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ether wowuma ndi 0,03% mpaka 0.07%, awiriwa amasakanizidwa mumatope Pomaliza, ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa chimodzi. admixtures, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa admixture ena kudzachititsa kuchepa kugwirizana kwa matope. Popeza mapangidwe a cellulose ether ndi starch ether amakhala ndi magulu a hydroxyl ndi ma ether, ma atomu a haidrojeni pamagulu awa ndi mamolekyu amadzi aulere osakanikirana amatha kupanga ma hydrogen bond, kotero kuti madzi omangika ambiri amawonekera mumatope ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa matope. , kuchititsa kuti kusasinthasintha kwa matope kuchepe pang'onopang'ono.

2.2.2 Zotsatira za kuphatikizika kophatikizana pa kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino kwa matope

Pamene cellulose ether ndi starch ether zisakanizidwa mumatope pa mlingo wina, kachulukidwe kowoneka ka matope amasintha. Zitha kuwonedwa kuchokera ku zotsatira kuti kusakanikirana kwa cellulose ether ndi starch ether pa mlingo wopangidwa Pambuyo pa matope, kachulukidwe kowoneka ka matope amakhalabe pafupifupi 1750kg/m.³, pamene kachulukidwe ka matope owonetserako ndi 2110kg / m³, ndipo kuphatikiza kwa ziwirizo mumatope kumapangitsa kuti kachulukidwe kowoneka bwino katsike pafupifupi 17%. Zitha kuwoneka kuti kuphatikiza cellulose ether ndi starch ether kumatha kuchepetsa kachulukidwe ka matope ndikupangitsa matope kukhala opepuka. Izi ndichifukwa choti cellulose ether ndi wowuma ether, monga zinthu za etherification, ndizophatikizika zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yopatsa mpweya. Kuphatikizira zinthu ziwirizi ku matope kungachepetse kwambiri kuchulukana kwamatope.

2.2.3 Zotsatira za osakaniza osakaniza pa compressive mphamvu ya matope

Mapiritsi amphamvu a 3d ndi 28d a matope amachokera ku zotsatira za kuyesa kwamatope. Mphamvu zopondereza za benchmark mortar 3d ndi 28d ndi 15.4MPa ndi 22.0MPa, motsatana, ndipo pambuyo pake cellulose ether ndi starch ether zitaphatikizidwa mumatope, mphamvu zopondereza za matope 3d ndi 28d ndi 12.8MPa ndi 19.3MPa, motsatana, Ochepa kuposa omwe alibe awiriwo. Mtondo wa benchmark wokhala ndi zosakaniza. Kuchokera ku chikoka cha pawiri admixtures pa compressive mphamvu, zikhoza kuoneka kuti ziribe kanthu kuti machiritso nthawi ndi 3d kapena 28d, compressive mphamvu ya matope amachepetsa ndi kuwonjezeka kuchulukana kuchuluka kwa mapadi etere ndi wowuma efa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa etha ya cellulose ndi wowuma ether zitasakanizidwa, tinthu ta latex tipanga kagawo kakang'ono ka polima wosalowa madzi ndi simenti, zomwe zimalepheretsa simentiyo kutulutsa madzi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yopondereza ya matope.

2.2.4 Chikoka cha kusakaniza kosakanikirana pa mphamvu ya bondi ya matope

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku mphamvu ya cellulose etha ndi wowuma etha pa zomatira mphamvu ya matope pambuyo poti mlingo wopangidwawo waphatikizidwa ndikusakaniza mumatope. Pamene mlingo wa cellulose ether ndi 0.2% ~ 0.6%, mlingo wa wowuma ether ndi 0.03% ~ 0.07% %, pambuyo awiriwo amaphatikizidwa mumatope, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa awiriwo, mphamvu yomangirira ya matope adzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono poyamba, ndipo atatha kufika pamtengo wina, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika, mphamvu yomatira ya matope idzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Mphamvu yomangirira idzachepa pang'onopang'ono, koma ikadali yokulirapo kuposa mtengo wa mphamvu yomangira matope. Mukaphatikizana ndi 0,4% cellulose ether ndi 0,05% starch ether, mphamvu yomangirira ya matope imafika pazipita, zomwe zimakhala nthawi 1.5 kuposa za matope a benchmark. Komabe, chiŵerengerocho chikapyola, osati kokha kukhuthala kwa matope ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, kumangako kumakhala kovuta, komanso mphamvu yomangira ya matope imachepetsedwa.

3. Mapeto

(1) Zonse ziwiri za cellulose ether ndi starch ether zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kusasinthasintha kwa matope, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala bwino pamene awiriwa agwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi pamlingo winawake.

⑵Chifukwa etherification mankhwala ali amphamvu mpweya-entraining ntchito, pambuyo kuwonjezera cellulose ether ndi wowuma ether, padzakhala mpweya wochuluka mkati matope, kotero kuti pambuyo kuwonjezera mapadi ether ndi wowuma ether, chonyowa pamwamba pa matope adzakhala The kachulukidwe zoonekera adzakhala. kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zidzatsogolera kuchepetsedwa kofananira ndi mphamvu yopondereza ya matope.

(3) Mulingo wina wa cellulose ether ndi wowuma ether ukhoza kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yomangirira yamatope, ndipo ziwirizi zikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi, zotsatira za kuwongolera mphamvu yomangirira yamatope ndizofunika kwambiri. Mukaphatikiza cellulose ether ndi starch ether, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwake kuli koyenera. Kuchuluka kwakukulu sikungowononga zipangizo, komanso kumachepetsa mphamvu yomangira ya matope.

(4) Ma cellulose etere ndi wowuma etere, monga ambiri ntchito matope admixtures, akhoza kwambiri kusintha katundu zogwirizana za matope, makamaka kuwongolera matope kusasinthasintha ndi kugwirizana mphamvu, ndi kupereka umboni kwa proportioning kupanga youma wothira pulasitala matope admixtures .