Kumvetsetsa Drilling Fluid
Madzi obowola, omwe amadziwikanso kuti matope obowola, amagwira ntchito ngati zinthu zambiri zofunika pakubowola m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mafuta ndi gasi, kutentha kwa dziko, ndi migodi. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikuthandizira pobowola zitsime, kusunga bata, kuziziritsa ndi kuthira mafuta pobowola, kutumiza zodulidwazo kumtunda, ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe. Kubowola madzimadzi ndi chisakanizo chovuta chopangidwa ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana zokonzedwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira pakubowola.
Zigawo za Drilling Fluid:
Base Fluid: Madzi oyambira amapanga maziko amadzimadzi obowola ndipo amatha kukhala madzi, mafuta, kapena opangira, kutengera momwe kubowola komanso malamulo a chilengedwe. Madzi amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kutsika mtengo komanso kusungira chilengedwe.
Zowonjezera: Zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwa mumadzi obowola kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito yake ndikuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimakumana ndi pobowola. Zowonjezera izi zimaphatikizapo ma viscosifiers, zowongolera zosefera, zothira mafuta, zoletsa shale, zolemetsa, ndi zowongolera kutaya kwamadzi.
Zida Zoyezera: Zida zoyezera, monga barite kapena hematite, zimawonjezeredwa kuti ziwonjezeke kachulukidwe kamadzimadzi obowola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira zolimbana ndi zovuta za mapangidwe zomwe zimakumana ndi kuya.
Zosintha za Rheology: Zosintha za Rheology zimayang'anira kayendedwe ka madzi obowola, kuwonetsetsa kuyimitsidwa kokwanira kwa zodulira ndikuyendetsa bwino kupita pamwamba. Ma rheology modifiers wamba amaphatikizapo bentonite, ma polima, ndi xanthan chingamu.
Corrosion Inhibitors: Corrosion inhibitors amaphatikizidwa kuti ateteze zida zobowolera ndi zida zapabowo kuzinthu zowononga zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi opangira.
Ma biocides: Ma biocides amalepheretsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'madzi obowola, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha corrosion (MIC) ndikusunga madzimadzi okhazikika.
Kusiyanitsa Matope Obowola ndi Madzi Obowola
Ngakhale kuti matope obowola ndi madzi obowola amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, akatswiri ena amasiyanitsa mawu awiriwa potengera momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Kubowola Dothi: Mwachizoloŵezi, matope oboola amatanthauza makamaka zamadzimadzi obowola opangidwa ndi mafuta. Dothi lobowola nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi madzi oyambira opangidwa ndi mafuta oyeretsedwa kapena mafuta opangira. Matope opangidwa ndi mafuta amapereka zabwino monga kuthirira bwino, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kukhazikika kwa zitsime m'mapangidwe ena.
Madzi Obowola: Mosiyana ndi izi, madzi akubowola amaphatikizapo gulu lalikulu lomwe limaphatikizapo zopangira madzi ndi mafuta, komanso zamadzimadzi zopangira. Madzi obowola pogwiritsa ntchito madzi, omwe ndi ambiri mwa ntchito zoboola, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa madzi obowola. Zamadzimadzi zochokera m'madzi zimakondedwa m'malo ambiri akubowola chifukwa chogwirizana ndi chilengedwe, kutsika mtengo, komanso kutaya mosavuta.
Mapulogalamu ndi Zovuta
Mapulogalamu:
Kubowola Mwachidziwitso: Madzi obowola amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakubowola kofufuza, pomwe cholinga chachikulu ndikuwunika nthaka yapansi panthaka ndikuzindikira malo osungiramo mpweya wa hydrocarbon.
Kumanga Chitsime: Panthawi yomanga chitsime, madzi obowola amathandiza kuti chitsimecho chikhazikike, kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa mapangidwe, ndikuthandizira kuika casing ndi simenti.
Kuwunika kwa Mapangidwe: Madzi obowola amathandizira kuti atengenso zitsanzo zapakatikati ndikuthandizira njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira mapangidwe, kuphatikiza kudula mitengo ndi kuyesa.
Zovuta:
Nkhawa Zachilengedwe: Kutaya madzi akubowola kumabweretsa zovuta zachilengedwe, makamaka pobowola m'mphepete mwa nyanja pomwe malamulo okhwima amawongolera kuthirira m'madzi.
Kuwonongeka Kwamapangidwe: Madzi obowola opangidwa molakwika angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe, kuwononga chitsime komanso moyo wautali. Kuwongolera mawonekedwe amadzimadzi ndi kusefera ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse ngoziyi.
Kutayika kwa Madzi: Kutayika kwamadzimadzi, kapena kulowetsedwa kwamadzi obowola m'mapangidwe, kungayambitse kusakhazikika kwa chitsime, kutayika kwa madzi, ndi kuchepa kwachangu. Kuphatikizira othandizira owongolera kutaya kwamadzi ndikofunikira kuti athetse vutoli.
pamene mawu akuti "kubowola matope" ndi "kubowola madzimadzi" nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana, amatha kutanthauza zosiyana pang'ono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola. Madzi obowola amagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chosunthika chofunikira pakubowola pachitsime, chomwe chimapereka magwiridwe antchito monga kuthira mafuta, kunyamula ma cuttings, ndi kukhazikika kwa Wellboe. Kaya ndi madzi, opangira mafuta, kapena opangidwa, kapangidwe ka madzi obowola amapangidwa kuti athane ndi zovuta zakubowola kwinaku akutsatira malamulo a chilengedwe. Pomvetsetsa zovuta za kukumba kwamadzimadzi ndi machitidwe, akatswiri obowola ndi ogwira ntchito amatha kuwongolera bwino pobowola ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-27-2024