Sodium carboxymethyl mapadi, English chidule CMC, amene amadziwika kuti "methyl" mu makampani ceramic, ndi zinthu anionic, woyera kapena pang'ono chikasu ufa zopangidwa mapadi zachilengedwe monga zopangira ndi mankhwala kusinthidwa. . CMC ili ndi kusungunuka kwabwino ndipo imatha kusungunuka kukhala njira yowonekera komanso yofananira m'madzi ozizira ndi madzi otentha.
1. Chidule chachidule cha kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka CMC muzoumba
1.1. Kugwiritsa ntchito CMC muzoumba
1.1.1, mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito
CMC ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a polima. CMC ikawonjezeredwa m'madzi, gulu lake la hydrophilic (-COONA) limaphatikizana ndi madzi kuti likhale losanjikiza, kotero kuti mamolekyu a CMC amamwazikana m'madzi. Ma polima a CMC amadalira ma hydrogen bond ndi mphamvu za van der Waals. Zotsatira zimapanga dongosolo la maukonde, motero limasonyeza kugwirizana. CMC yodziwika ndi thupi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira, pulasitiki, komanso kulimbikitsa matupi obiriwira mumakampani a ceramic. Kuonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa CMC ku billet kumatha kuwonjezera mphamvu yolumikizana ya billet, kupanga billet kukhala kosavuta kupanga, kukulitsa mphamvu yosinthika ndi 2 mpaka 3 nthawi, ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwa billet, potero kukulitsa mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri. kuchuluka kwa zoumba ndi kuchepetsa mtengo pambuyo pokonza. . Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa CMC, imatha kuonjezera kuthamanga kwa thupi lobiriwira ndikuchepetsa kupanga mphamvu. Zingapangitsenso kuti chinyezi mu billet chisasunthike mofanana ndikuletsa kuyanika ndi kusweka. Makamaka ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zazikulu zapansi pansi ndi mapepala a njerwa opukutidwa, zotsatira zake zimakhala bwino kwambiri. zoonekeratu. Poyerekeza ndi zina zobiriwira zolimbitsa thupi, thupi lobiriwira CMC lapadera lili ndi izi:
(1) Zowonjezera zochepa: ndalama zowonjezera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakwana 0.1%, zomwe ndi 1/5 mpaka 1/3 ya othandizira ena olimbitsa thupi, ndipo mphamvu yosinthika ya thupi lobiriwira imakhala bwino, ndipo mtengo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa. nthawi yomweyo.
(2) Katundu wabwino woyaka moto: pafupifupi palibe phulusa lomwe limasiyidwa likawotchedwa, ndipo palibe chotsalira, chomwe sichimakhudza mtundu wa chosowacho.
(3) Katundu wabwino woyimitsa: kuteteza zinthu zosabala ndi phala lamtundu kuti zisakhazikike, ndikupangitsa kuti phalalo libalalike mofanana.
(4) Anti-abrasion: M’kati mwa mphero ya mpira, unyolo wa molekyulu suwonongeka pang’ono.
1.1.2, njira yowonjezera
Kuchulukitsa kowonjezera kwa CMC mu billet ndi 0.03-0.3%, yomwe imatha kusinthidwa moyenera malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni. Pakuti matope ndi zambiri wosabala zopangira mu chilinganizo, CMC akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kwa mpira mphero akupera pamodzi ndi matope, kulabadira yunifolomu kubalalitsidwa, kuti zisakhale zovuta kupasuka pambuyo agglomeration, kapena chisanadze- Sungunulani CMC ndi madzi pa chiŵerengero cha 1:30 Add kwa mphero ndi kusakaniza wogawana maola 1-5 pamaso mphero.
1.2. Kugwiritsa ntchito CMC mu glaze slurry
1.2.1. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito
CMC ya glaze slurry ndi stabilizer ndi binder ndi ntchito yabwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu glaze pansi ndi pamwamba pa matailosi a ceramic, omwe amatha kuwonjezera mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa glaze slurry ndi thupi. Chifukwa glaze slurry ndi yosavuta kugwa ndipo imakhala yosakhazikika bwino, CMC ndi zosiyanasiyana Kugwirizana kwa mtundu uwu wa glaze ndikwabwino, ndipo kumakhala ndi kubalalitsidwa kwabwino kwambiri komanso chitetezo cha colloid, kotero kuti glaze ili m'malo obalalika okhazikika. Pambuyo powonjezera CMC, kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa glaze kumatha kuwonjezeka, madzi amatha kupewedwa kuti asatuluke kuchokera ku glaze kupita ku thupi lobiriwira, kusalala kwa glaze kumatha kuwonjezeka, komanso kusweka ndi kusweka panthawi yoyendetsa chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu ya thupi wobiriwira pambuyo glazing akhoza kupewedwa. , Chodabwitsa cha pinhole pamwamba pa glaze chingathenso kuchepetsedwa pambuyo powombera.
1.2.2. Njira yowonjezera
Kuchuluka kwa CMC kuwonjezeredwa ku glaze pansi ndi glaze pamwamba nthawi zambiri ndi 0.08-0.30%, ndipo ikhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. Choyamba pangani CMC kukhala yankho lamadzi la 3%. Ngati ikuyenera kusungidwa kwa masiku angapo, yankholi liyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi zotetezera zokwanira ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe chosindikizidwa, chosungidwa pa kutentha kochepa, ndikusakaniza ndi glaze mofanana.
1.3. Kugwiritsa ntchito CMC pakusindikiza glaze
1.3.1. CMC yapadera yosindikizira glaze ili ndi makulidwe abwino, dispersibility ndi bata. CMC yapaderayi imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano, imakhala ndi kusungunuka kwabwino, kuwonekera kwambiri, pafupifupi palibe chinthu chosasungunuka, ndipo ili ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri wometa ubweya Ndi mafuta, kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa kusindikiza kwa glaze yosindikiza, kuchepetsa chodabwitsa cha kumamatira ndi kutsekereza chinsalu, kuchepetsa chiwerengerocho. zopukuta, kusindikiza kosalala panthawi yogwira ntchito, mawonekedwe omveka bwino, komanso kusasinthasintha kwamitundu.
1.3.2. Zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera kusindikiza glaze ndi 1.5-3%. CMC ikhoza kulowetsedwa ndi ethylene glycol ndikuwonjezera madzi kuti isungunuke. Itha kuwonjezeredwa ndi 1-5% sodium tripolyphosphate ndi zida zopaka utoto pamodzi. Kusakaniza kowuma, ndiyeno kusungunula ndi madzi, kuti mitundu yonse ya zipangizo zithe kusungunuka mofanana.
1.4. Kugwiritsa ntchito CMC mu glaze
1.4.1. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito
Mchere wotulutsa magazi uli ndi mchere wambiri wosungunuka, ndipo ena amakhala acidic pang'ono. Mtundu wapadera wa CMC kwa magazi glaze ali kwambiri asidi ndi mchere kukana bata, amene akhoza kusunga mamasukidwe akayendedwe a magazi glaze khola pa ntchito ndi makhazikitsidwe, ndi kupewa kuonongeka chifukwa kusintha mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Zimakhudza kusiyana kwa mtundu, ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi, kusungunuka kwa mauna ndi kusunga madzi kwa CMC yapadera ya glaze yotulutsa magazi ndi zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti mukhalebe okhazikika.
1.4.2. Onjezani njira
Sungunulani CMC ndi ethylene glycol, gawo la madzi ndi complexing wothandizira poyamba, ndiyeno kusakaniza ndi kusungunuka colorant njira.
2. Mavuto omwe ayenera kutsatiridwa pakupanga CMC muzoumba
2.1. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya CMC ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana popanga zoumba. Kusankhidwa kolondola kumatha kukwaniritsa cholinga chachuma komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri.
2.2. Pamwamba glaze ndi kusindikiza glaze, simuyenera ntchito otsika chiyero CMC mankhwala zotsika mtengo, makamaka kusindikiza glaze, muyenera kusankha mkulu-chiyero CMC ndi chiyero mkulu, asidi wabwino ndi mchere kukana, ndi mkulu poyera kuteteza glaze Ripples ndi pinholes. kuwoneka pamwamba. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imatha kutetezanso zochitika za plugging net, kusayenda bwino komanso kusiyana kwa mitundu pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.
2.3. Ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu kapena glaze slurry iyenera kuikidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, zotetezera ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
3. Kusanthula mavuto omwe amafala aCMC mu ceramickupanga
3.1. The fluidity ya matope si bwino, ndipo n'zovuta kumasula guluu.
Chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwake, CMC ipangitsa kukhuthala kwamatope kukhala kokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutulutsa matope. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikusintha kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa coagulant. Njira yotsatirayi ya decoagulant ikulimbikitsidwa: (1) sodium tripolyphosphate 0.3%; (2) sodium tripolyphosphate 0.1% + galasi lamadzi 0,3%; (3) humic acid Sodium 0.2% + sodium tripolyphosphate 0.1%
3.2. The glaze slurry ndi inki yosindikiza ndi woonda.
Zifukwa zomwe glaze slurry ndi inki yosindikizira zimachepetsedwa ndi izi: (1) Dongosolo la glaze kapena inki yosindikizira imakokoloka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa CMC kukhala yosavomerezeka. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikutsuka chidebe cha glaze slurry kapena inki, kapena kuwonjezera zotetezera monga formaldehyde ndi phenol. (2) Pansi pa kusonkhezera kosalekeza pansi pa mphamvu yometa ubweya, kukhuthala kumachepa. Ndibwino kuti muwonjezere yankho lamadzi la CMC kuti musinthe mukamagwiritsa ntchito.
3.3. Matani ukonde mukamagwiritsa ntchito glaze yosindikiza.
Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa CMC kotero kuti kukhuthala kwa glaze yosindikizira kumakhala kocheperako, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, onjezerani madzi pang'ono kuti muyambitse mofanana.
3.4. Pali nthawi zambiri zotsekereza maukonde ndikuyeretsa.
Yankho lake ndikuwongolera kuwonekera ndi kusungunuka kwa CMC; mafuta osindikizira atatha kukonzedwa, dutsani sieve ya 120-mesh, ndipo mafuta osindikizira amafunikanso kudutsa 100-120-mesh sieve; kusintha mamasukidwe akayendedwe a glaze yosindikiza.
3.5. Kusungirako madzi sikuli bwino, ndipo pamwamba pa duwa lidzaphwanyidwa pambuyo pa kusindikiza, zomwe zidzakhudza kusindikiza kotsatira.
Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa glycerin pokonzekera mafuta osindikizira; gwiritsani ntchito makulidwe apakatikati ndi otsika CMC yokhala ndi digirii yolowa m'malo (yofanana bwino m'malo) pokonzekera mafuta osindikizira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-04-2023