I. Mwachidule
Monga chimodzi mwazopangira zokutira, kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera kumakhala kochepa kwambiri (nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 1% ya mapangidwe onse), koma zotsatira zake ndi zabwino. Kuwonjezera kwa izo sikungangopeŵa zolakwika zambiri zokutira ndi zolakwika za filimu, komanso kupanga kupanga ndi kumanga ndondomeko ya ❖ kuyanika kosavuta kulamulira, ndi kuwonjezera zina zowonjezera zimatha kupatsa chophimba ndi ntchito zina zapadera. Choncho, zowonjezera ndi gawo lofunikira la zokutira.
2. Gulu la zowonjezera
Zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zokutira zimaphatikizapo ma organic anti-settling agents, thickeners, ma leveling agents, zowongolera thovu, zolimbikitsa zomatira, zonyowetsa ndi zobalalitsa, ndi zina.
3. Kuchita ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera
(1) Organic anti-settling agent
Zambiri mwazinthuzi zimachokera ku ma polyolefins, omwazika mu zosungunulira zina, nthawi zina amasinthidwa ndi mafuta a castor. Zowonjezera izi zimabwera m'njira zitatu: madzi, phala, ndi ufa.
1. Makhalidwe a Rheological:
Ntchito yayikulu ya rheological ya organic anti-settling agents ndikuwongolera kuyimitsidwa kwa ma pigment - ndiko kuti, kupewa kukhazikika movutikira kapena kupewa kukhazikika palimodzi, zomwe ndizomwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Koma m'machitidwe, zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe komanso kukana kwa sag, makamaka pazovala zamafakitale. Organic anti-settling agents adzasungunuka chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, motero kutaya mphamvu zawo, koma rheology yawo idzachira pamene dongosolo likuzizira.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito organic anti-settling agent:
Pofuna kuti anti-settlement agent agwire ntchito bwino mu zokutira, ayenera kumwazikana bwino ndi kutsegulidwa. Masitepe enieni ndi awa:
(1) Kunyowetsa (ufa wouma wokha). The youma ufa organic odana ndi sedimentation wothandizira ndi akaphatikiza, kuti kulekanitsa particles wina ndi mzake, ayenera kuthiridwa ndi zosungunulira ndi (kapena) utomoni. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kuwonjezera pa slurry yopera ndi kugwedezeka kwapakatikati.
(2) Deagglomeration (pokhapo ufa wouma). Kuphatikizika kwamphamvu kwa organic anti-sedimentation agents sikuli kolimba kwambiri, ndipo kusakaniza kosavuta kwa chipwirikiti ndikokwanira nthawi zambiri.
(3) Kubalalitsidwa, kutentha, nthawi ya kubalalitsidwa (mitundu yonse). Ma organic anti-sedimentation agents ali ndi kutentha kocheperako, ndipo ngati sikunafikire, ngakhale mphamvu yobalalitsa ndi yayikulu bwanji, sipadzakhala ntchito ya rheological. Kutentha kwa kutsegula kumadalira zosungunulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha kocheperako kukapitilira, kupsinjika komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambitsa organic anti-sedimentation agent ndikusewera kwathunthu pamachitidwe ake.
(2) Wonenepa
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokhuthala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zosungunulira komanso zopangira madzi. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya zokhuthala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka m'madzi ndi: cellulose ethers, polyacrylates, associative thickeners ndi inorganic thickeners.
1. Chowonjezera cha cellulose etha chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Malinga ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, pali specifications osiyana. HEC ndi mankhwala osungunuka m'madzi, omwe si a ionic thickener. Imakhala ndi kukhuthala kwabwino, kukana madzi abwino komanso kukana kwa alkali, koma kuipa kwake ndikuti ndikosavuta kumera nkhungu, kuvunda, komanso kusayenda bwino.
2. Polyacrylate thickener ndi acrylate copolymer emulsion yokhala ndi carboxyl yochuluka, ndipo mbali yake yaikulu ndi kukana kwake kwabwino kwa nkhungu. Pamene pH ili 8-10, mtundu uwu wa thickener umatupa ndikuwonjezera kukhuthala kwa gawo la madzi; koma pH ikakhala yoposa 10, imasungunuka m'madzi ndikutaya kukhuthala kwake. Chifukwa chake, pali kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa pH. Pakadali pano, madzi a ammonia ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi pH ya utoto wa latex ku China. Choncho, pamene mtundu uwu wa thickener umagwiritsidwa ntchito, pH mtengo udzachepa ndi kuphulika kwa madzi ammonia, ndipo kukhuta kwake kudzachepanso.
3. Ma associative thickeners ali ndi njira zowonjezeretsa zosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya thickeners. Ma thickeners ambiri amabweretsa mamasukidwe akayendedwe kudzera mu hydration ndikupanga mawonekedwe ofooka a gel mu dongosolo. Komabe, ma associative thickeners, monga ma surfactants, ali ndi magawo onse a hydrophilic komanso mafuta oyeretsera pakamwa achikasu mu molekyulu. Magawo a hydrophilic amatha kuthiridwa madzi ndikutupa kuti awonjezere gawo lamadzi. The lipophilic mapeto magulu akhoza pamodzi ndi emulsion particles ndi pigment particles. phatikizani kuti mupange network network.
4. The inorganic thickener imayimiridwa ndi bentonite. Kawirikawiri madzi opangidwa ndi bentonite amatupa pamene amamwa madzi, ndipo voliyumu pambuyo poyamwa madzi ndi kangapo buku lake loyambirira. Simangokhala ngati chokhuthala, komanso chimalepheretsa kumira, kugwa, ndi mtundu woyandama. Kukhuthala kwake kumakhala bwino kuposa kwa alkali-swellable acrylic ndi polyurethane thickeners mulingo womwewo. Kuphatikiza apo, ilinso ndi kusinthasintha kwa pH kosiyanasiyana, kukhazikika bwino kwa kuzizira komanso kukhazikika kwachilengedwe. Chifukwa alibe madzi sungunuka surfactants, zabwino particles mu filimu youma angalepheretse madzi kusamuka ndi kufalikira, ndipo kumapangitsanso kukana madzi ❖ kuyanika filimu.
(3) wowongolera
Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya ma leveling agents omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
1. Zosinthidwa zamtundu wa polysiloxane zowongolera
Mtundu woterewu umatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa pamwamba pa zokutira, kuwongolera kunyowa kwa zokutira ku gawo lapansi, ndikuletsa kuchepa; imatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwapamtunda pamtunda wa filimu yonyowa chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa zosungunulira, kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake, ndikupanga Utotowo umasungunuka mwamsanga; mtundu uwu wa kusalaza wothandizira angathenso kupanga kwambiri woonda kwambiri ndi yosalala filimu pamwamba ❖ kuyanika filimu, potero kuwongolera kusalala ndi gloss wa ❖ kuyanika filimu pamwamba.
2. Long-chain resin type leveling agent ndi kugwirizana kochepa
Monga acrylate homopolymer kapena copolymer, zomwe zingachepetse kugwedezeka kwa pamwamba pa ❖ kuyanika ndi gawo lapansi pamlingo wakutiwakuti kuti ukhale wonyowa komanso kupewa kuchepa; ndipo akhoza kupanga limodzi maselo mulingo pamwamba ❖ kuyanika filimu kuonjezera mavuto padziko ❖ kuyanika Homogenize, kusintha madzimadzi, ziletsa zosungunulira volatilization liwiro, kuthetsa zilema monga lalanje peel ndi burashi zizindikiro, ndi kupanga ❖ kuyanika filimu yosalala ndi zosungunulira. ngakhale.
3. Kusanja wothandizila ndi mkulu otentha mfundo zosungunulira monga chigawo chachikulu
Mtundu woterewu umatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa zosungunulira zosungunulira, kotero kuti filimu yophimbayo imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwamphamvu komanso kusungunuka panthawi yowumitsa, ndikulepheretsa kutuluka kwa filimu yophimba kuti isalepheretsedwe ndi zosungunulira zosungunulira mofulumira kwambiri. mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi okwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zowongolera bwino, ndipo zimatha kulepheretsa kuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimayambira chifukwa cha kusungunuka kosauka kwa zinthu zoyambira ndi mpweya wobwera chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa zosungunulira mwachangu kwambiri.
(4) Wothandizira thovu
Mankhwala oletsa thovu amatchedwanso antifoaming agents kapena defoaming agents. Mankhwala oletsa thovu amaletsa kapena kuchedwetsa kupanga thovu: Mankhwala oletsa thovu ndi zinthu zomwe zimaphulika zomwe zimaphulika. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa ziwirizi kumangoganizira pang'onopang'ono, defoamer yopambana imatha kuletsanso kupanga chithovu ngati wothandizira antifoam. Nthawi zambiri, antifoaming wothandizira amapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu zofunika: yogwira pawiri (ie, yogwira wothandizira); diffusing wothandizira (alipo kapena ayi); chonyamulira.
(5) Zonyowetsa ndi zobalalitsira
Zonyowetsa ndi zobalalitsa zitha kukhala ndi ntchito zingapo, koma ntchito zazikulu ziwiri ndikuchepetsa nthawi ndi/kapena mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kuti amalize kubalalitsidwa ndikukhazikika kwa kubalalitsidwa kwa pigment. Wetting agents ndi dispersants nthawi zambiri anawagawa zotsatirazi
Magulu asanu:
1. Anionic wetting wothandizira
2. Cationic wetting wothandizira
3. Electroneutral, amphoteric wetting agent
4. Bifunctional, osalowerera ndale wetting agent
5. Non-ionic wetting wothandizira
Mitundu inayi yoyambirira ya zonyowetsa ndi ma dispersants amatha kuchitapo kanthu pakunyowetsa ndikuthandizira kubalalitsidwa kwa pigment chifukwa malekezero awo a hydrophilic amatha kupanga zomangira zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala ndi mtundu wa pigment, m'mphepete, ngodya, ndi zina zambiri, ndikusunthira kumayendedwe a pigment pamwamba, kawirikawiri mapeto a hydrophobic. Nonionic wetting ndi dispersing agents amakhalanso ndi hydrophilic mapeto magulu, koma sangathe kupanga zomangira thupi ndi mankhwala ndi pigment pamwamba, koma akhoza kuphatikiza ndi madzi adsorbed pamwamba pa pigment particles. Madzi omangika ku pigment particle pamwamba ndi osakhazikika ndipo amachititsa kuti mayamwidwe osakhala a ionic ndi kusungunuka. The desorbed surfactant mu resin system iyi ndi yaulere ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa monga kusamva bwino kwa madzi.
The chonyowa wothandizila ndi dispersant ayenera kuwonjezeredwa pa pigment kubalalitsidwa ndondomeko, kuti kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zina padziko yogwira akhoza kukhudzana kwambiri ndi pigment kusewera udindo wawo asanafike pamwamba pa pigment tinthu.
Zinayi. Chidule
Kupaka ndi dongosolo lovuta. Monga gawo la dongosolo, zowonjezera zimawonjezeredwa pang'ono, koma zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchita kwake. Choncho, popanga zokutira zosungunulira, zomwe zowonjezera kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mlingo wawo ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa mwa kuchuluka kwa mayesero obwerezabwereza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-30-2023