Is hypromellose harmful to the body?

Hypromellose, also known as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, is a semi-synthetic, inert, and water-soluble polymer widely used in various industries. It is commonly used as a food additive, thickener, emulsifier, and as a pharmaceutical excipient in the production of tablets, capsules, and ophthalmic preparations. In this article, we will explore the safety of hypromellose and its potential health effects.

Safety of Hypromellose

Hypromellose is generally considered safe for consumption by various regulatory authorities, including the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). It is classified as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) food additive by the FDA, meaning that it has a long history of safe use in food and is unlikely to cause harm when consumed in normal amounts.

In pharmaceuticals, hypromellose is widely used as a safe and well-tolerated excipient. It is listed in the US Pharmacopeia and is widely used in the manufacturing of both solid and liquid dosage forms. It is also used as an ophthalmic lubricant and is considered safe for use in contact lenses, artificial tears, and other ophthalmic products.

Studies have shown that hypromellose has low oral toxicity and is not absorbed by the body. It passes through the gastrointestinal tract without being broken down, and is excreted in the feces. Hypromellose is also considered safe for use in pregnant and breastfeeding women, as well as children, with no known adverse effects.

Potential Health Effects of Hypromellose

While hypromellose is generally considered safe for consumption, there are some potential health effects that should be considered.

Gastrointestinal Effects

Hypromellose is a water-soluble polymer that absorbs water and forms a gel-like substance when it comes into contact with fluids. This can result in increased viscosity in the gastrointestinal tract, which may slow down the transit time of food through the digestive system. This can potentially cause constipation, bloating, and abdominal discomfort in some people, especially if consumed in large amounts.

Allergic Reactions

Allergic reactions to hypromellose are rare, but they can occur. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include hives, itching, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis (a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction). If you experience any of these symptoms after consuming hypromellose, seek medical attention immediately.

Eye Irritation

Hypromellose is commonly used as an ophthalmic lubricant in the production of eye drops and other ophthalmic preparations. While it is generally considered safe for use in the eyes, some people may experience eye irritation or other adverse effects. Symptoms of eye irritation may include redness, itching, burning, and tearing.

Drug Interactions

Hypromellose may interact with certain medications, especially those that require a low pH environment for absorption. This is because hypromellose forms a gel-like substance when it comes into contact with fluids, which can potentially slow down the dissolution and absorption of medications. If you are taking any medications, including prescription or over-the-counter medications, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider before taking hypromellose or any other dietary supplements.

Conclusion

hypromellose is considered safe for consumption by various regulatory authorities. It is widely used as a food additive, thickener, and emulsifier, as well as a pharmaceutical excipient in the production of tablets, capsules, and ophthalmic preparations.