Applications and Types of Mortar

Mortar is a building material that is used to bind bricks, stones, and other masonry units together. It is typically composed of a mixture of cement, water, and sand, although other materials such as lime and additives may also be included to enhance its properties. Mortar is used in a wide variety of construction applications, from laying bricks for a small garden wall to constructing large-scale commercial buildings. In this article, we will discuss the different types of mortar and their applications.

1. Type N Mortar

Type N mortar is a general-purpose mortar that is commonly used for exterior walls, chimneys, and non-load-bearing walls. It is composed of Portland cement, hydrated lime, and sand, and has a medium compressive strength. Type N mortar is easy to work with and provides good bonding strength.

2. Type S Mortar

Type S mortar is a high-strength mortar that is commonly used for structural applications such as load-bearing walls, foundations, and retaining walls. It is composed of Portland cement, hydrated lime, and sand, and may also include additives such as pozzolans and fibers to enhance its strength and durability.

3. Type M Mortar

Type M mortar is the strongest type of mortar and is commonly used for heavy-load applications such as foundations, retaining walls, and exterior walls subjected to severe weather conditions. It is composed of Portland cement, hydrated lime, and sand, and may also include additives such as pozzolans and fibers to enhance its strength and durability.

4. Type O Mortar

Type O mortar is a low-strength mortar that is commonly used for interior and non-load-bearing walls. It is composed of Portland cement, hydrated lime, and sand, and has a low compressive strength. Type O mortar is easy to work with and provides good bonding strength.

5. Lime Mortar

Lime mortar is a traditional mortar that is made from lime, sand, and water. It is commonly used in historic restoration and preservation projects because of its compatibility with historic masonry units. Lime mortar is also used in new construction applications for its durability, breathability, and flexibility.

6. Masonry Cement Mortar

Masonry cement mortar is a pre-blended mortar that is composed of masonry cement, sand, and water. It is commonly used for bricklaying and other masonry applications because of its high bonding strength and workability.

7. Colored Mortar

Colored mortar is a mortar that has been dyed to match or contrast with the color of the masonry units. It is commonly used in decorative applications to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the building. Colored mortar can be made from any type of mortar and can be mixed to achieve a wide range of colors.

In conclusion, there are many types of mortar available for different construction applications. It is important to choose the right type of mortar for the job to ensure a strong and durable bond between the masonry units. A qualified mason or contractor can help determine the appropriate type of mortar to use based on the specific project requirements.