Ko te Ether Cellulose he kupu whanui mo te raupapa o nga hua ka puta mai i te tauhohenga o te cellulose alkali me te kaihoko whakaetere i raro i etahi tikanga. Ko te cellulose alkali ka whakakapihia e nga momo etherifying agents ki te whiwhi i nga momo ether cellulose. E ai ki nga ahuatanga o te katote o nga mea whakakapi, ka taea te wehea nga etera cellulose ki nga waahanga e rua: katote (pērā i te carboxymethyl cellulose) me te nonionic (pēnei i te methyl cellulose). E ai ki te momo whakakapinga, ka taea te wehea te cellulose ether ki te monoether (pēnei i te methyl cellulose) me te ether whakauru (pēnei i te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). E ai ki nga rereke rereke, ka taea te wehewehe ki te wairewa wai (pēnei i te hydroxyethyl cellulose) me te whakarewa wairewa (penei i te ethyl cellulose). Ko te kumete maroke-whakaranu te nuinga o te wai-wairewa cellulose, me te wai-wairewa cellulose kua wehea ki te momo inamata me te mata-tukinotia momo whakaroa-whakarewa.
Ko te tikanga o te mahi a te cellulose ether i roto i te kumete he penei:
(1) I muri i te rewa o te cellulose ether i roto i te kumete ki roto i te wai, ko te tohatoha whai hua me te riterite o nga rauemi cimentitious i roto i te punaha ka whakapumautia na te mahi o te mata, me te cellulose ether, hei colloid tiaki, "ka takai" te totoka. matūriki me He paparanga o te kiriata whakahinuhinu i runga i tona mata o waho, e pai ake ai te punaha moata, me te whakapai ake hoki i te rere o te kumete i te wa o te whakaranu me te maeneene o te hanga.
(2) Na ona ake ahuatanga o te hanganga ngota, ko te otinga cellulose ether e kore e ngawari ki te ngaro te makuku i roto i te kumete, me te tuku haere i roto i te waa roa, ka whakawhiwhia te moata ki te pupuri i te wai pai me te mahi.
1. Methylcellulose: (MC)
Whai muri i te maimoatanga o te miro parakore ki te kawakawa, ka puta te cellulose ether ma te raupapa o nga tauhohenga me te mewaro pūhaumāota hei kaihoko whakaeera. Ko te tikanga, ko te 1.6~2.0 te tohu whakakapinga, he rereke ano te whakarewatanga me nga nekehanga rereke o te whakakapi. No te ether cellulose kore-ionic.
(1) Ka whakarewahia te Methylcellulose i roto i te wai matao, a ka uaua te memeha ki te wai wera. He tino pumau tona otinga wai i te awhe o te pH=3~12. He pai te hototahitanga ki te māngaro, kapia guar, aha atu, me te maha o nga surfactants. Ka tae te pamahana ki te mahana o te wai, ka puta te wai.
(2) Ko te pupuri wai o te methyl cellulose e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te taapiri, te pokey, te pai o te matūriki me te tere memeha. Ko te tikanga, mena he nui te taapiri, he iti te pai, he nui te pokey, he nui te reeti pupuri wai. I roto i a raatau, ko te nui o te taapiri he tino paanga ki te reiti pupuri wai, a, ko te taumata o te potata kaore i te rite ki te taumata o te reeti pupuri wai. Ko te tere o te whakakore i te nuinga ka whakawhirinaki ki te tohu o te whakarereketanga o te mata o nga matūriki cellulose me te pai o te matūriki. I roto i nga ethers cellulose i runga ake nei, ko te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose he teitei ake te reiti pupuri wai.
(3) Ko nga huringa o te pāmahana ka tino pa ki te reiti pupuri wai o te methyl cellulose. Ko te tikanga, ka nui ake te pāmahana, ka kino te pupuri wai. Mena ka nui ake te pāmahana moata ki te 40°C, ka tino heke te pupuri wai o te methyl cellulose, ka tino pa ki te hanga o te moata.
(4) Ko te Methyl cellulose he painga nui ki te hanga me te whakakotahitanga o te moata. Ko te “whakapiri” i konei e pa ana ki te kaha honohono i waenga i te taputapu tono a te kaimahi me te tïpako pakitara, ara, te parenga kutikuti o te moata. He tiketike te adhesiveness, he nui te parenga kutikuti o te moata, me te kaha e hiahiatia ana e nga kaimahi i roto i te tukanga o te whakamahinga he nui ano hoki, a he kino te mahi hanga o te moata. Ko te whakakotahitanga o te methyl cellulose kei te taumata waenga i roto i nga hua ether cellulose.
2. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC):
Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he momo cellulose kua piki haere te whakaputa me te kai i nga tau tata nei. He katote-kore-kore-a-roto i konatunatua te etera mai i te miro parakore i muri i te whakamaaramatanga, ma te whakamahi i te propylene oxide me te methyl chloride hei kaihoko etherification, na roto i te raupapa tauhohenga. Ko te tohu o te whakakapinga ko te tikanga 1.2~2.0. He rereke ona ahuatanga i runga i te ōwehenga o te ihirangi methoxyl ki te ihirangi hydroxypropyl.
(1) He ngawari te wairewa Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i te wai matao, a ka raru ki te rewa i te wai wera. Engari he tino teitei ake te pāmahana o te wai wera i tera o te methyl cellulose. Ko te memehatanga i roto i te wai matao ka tino pai ake ki te methyl cellulose.
(2) Ko te viscosity o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e pa ana ki tona taumaha ngota, me te nui ake o te taumaha o te ngota, ka nui ake te viscosity. Ka pa ano te pamahana ki tona pokey, i te pikinga o te pāmahana, ka heke te pokey. Heoi, he iti ake te awe o tona pokey teitei me te pāmahana i to te methyl cellulose. He pūmau tana otinga ina penapena ki te pāmahana rūma.
(3) Ko te pupuri i te wai o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te taapiri, te pokey, me etahi atu, a ko te reiti pupuri wai i raro i te nui o te taapiri he nui ake i tera o te methyl cellulose.
(4) Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he pumau ki te waikawa me te kawakawa, a he tino pumau tona otinga wai i roto i te awhe o te pH = 2 ~ 12. He iti te awe o te houra me te wai kotakota ki runga i ana mahi, engari ka taea e te kawakore te tere ake i tona memehatanga me te whakanui paku i tona pokey. Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he pumau ki nga tote noa, engari ka nui te kukū o te wairewa tote, ka piki ake te pokey o te otinga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
(5) Ka taea te whakauru Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te wai-wairewa polymer pūhui ki te hanga i te otinga rite me te teitei pokey. Pērā i te waipiro polyvinyl, te māngaro ether, te kāpia huawhenua, aha atu.
(6) Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he pai ake te aukati i te methylcellulose, a he iti ake te kaha o te whakahekenga enzymatic o tana otinga i tera o te methylcellulose.
(7) Ko te piri o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te hanga kumete he teitei ake i tera o te methylcellulose.
3. Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC):
He mea hanga mai i te miro para parakore kua rongoatia ki te kawakore, ka tauhohe ki te ethylene oxide hei kaihoko whakaetere i te aroaro o te acetone. Ko te nuinga o te 1.5~2.0 tona tohu whakakapinga. He kaha te hydrophilicity me te ngawari ki te tango i te makuku.
(1) He wairewa te Hydroxyethyl cellulose ki te wai matao, engari he uaua ki te memeha ki te wai wera. Ko tana otinga he pumau i te teitei o te pāmahana kaore he reera. Ka taea te whakamahi mo te wa roa i raro i te wera nui i roto i te kumete, engari he iti ake tona pupuri wai i tera o te methyl cellulose.
(2) Hydroxyethyl cellulose he pūmau ki te waikawa whānui me te alkali. Ka taea e te Alkali te whakatere i tona whakakorenga me te whakanui paku i tona pokey. Ko tona mararatanga i roto i te wai he paku kino atu i tera o te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. .
(3) Hydroxyethyl cellulose he pai te mahi anti-sag mo te kumete, engari he roa ake te wa whakaroa mo te sima.
(4) Ko te mahi o te hydroxyethyl cellulose i mahia e etahi hinonga o-whare he tino iti ake i tera o te methyl cellulose na te nui o te wai me te nui o te pungarehu.
4. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC):
Ko te Ether cellulose katote he mea hanga mai i nga muka taiao (katunu, me etahi atu) i muri i te maimoatanga alkali, te whakamahi i te konutai monochloroacetate hei kaihoko etherification, me te whai i te raupapa o nga maimoatanga tauhohenga. Ko te tohu o te whakakapi i te nuinga o te 0.4 ~ 1.4, a ko tana mahi ka tino pa ki te tohu o te whakakapi.
(1) Ko te Carboxymethyl cellulose he hygroscopic ake, a ka nui ake te wai ina rongoa i raro i nga tikanga whanui.
(2) Ko te wairewa wai Carboxymethyl cellulose e kore e puta he ra, ka heke te pokey ki te piki o te pāmahana. Ka nui ake te mahana ki te 50°C, kare e taea te huri te pokey.
(3) Ko tona pumau ka tino pa ki te PH. Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te kumete i runga i te gypsum, engari kaua i roto i te kumete-sima. Ka tino kawakore, ka ngaro te pokey.
(4) He iti rawa te pupuri wai i to te methyl cellulose. He awenga whakamuri i runga i te kumete i runga i te gypsum me te whakaheke i tona kaha. Engari, he iti rawa te utu o te carboxymethyl cellulose i to te methyl cellulose.
Wā tuku: Feb-27-2023