Te whakahiato me te tohu o te Butane Sulfonate Cellulose Ether Water Reducer

Ko te microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) me te tohu o te polymerization i puta mai i te waikawa waikawa o te penupenu miro cellulose i whakamahia hei rauemi mata. I raro i te whakahohenga o te konutai waihā, i tauhohehia ki te 1,4-butane sultone (BS) kia whiwhi ai He kai whakaheke wai cellulose butyl sulfonate (SBC) he pai te wairewa wai. Ko te hanganga hua i tohuhia e te infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) me etahi atu tikanga tātari, me te tohu polymerization, raw material ratio, me te tauhohenga o te MCC i tirotirohia. Ko nga paanga o nga ahuatanga o te tukanga waihanga penei i te mahana, te wa tauhohenga, me te momo o te kai whakatarewa i runga i te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua. Ko nga hua e whakaatu ana: i te wa ko te tohu o te polymerization o te MCC rauemi mata he 45, ko te tauwehenga papatipu o nga reactants ko: AGU (cellulose glucoside wae): n (NaOH): n (BS) = 1.0: 2.1: 2.2, Te he isopropanol te kaihoko whakatārewa, ko te wa whakahohe o te rauemi mata i te pāmahana rūma ko te 2 h, ko te wa whakahiato o te hua ko te 5 h. I te wa ko te 80 ° C te pāmahana, ko te hua kua whiwhi ko te tohu tino nui o te whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic, me te hua he pai rawa atu te mahi whakaheke wai.

kupu matua:cellulose; cellulose butylsulfonate; kaihoko whakaiti wai; mahi whakaiti wai

1、Kupu Whakataki

Ko te superplasticizer raima tetahi o nga waahanga tino nui o te raima hou. Ko te mea tika na te ahua o te kaihoko whakaheke wai ka taea te whakamana i te kaha o te mahi, te mauroa pai me te kaha teitei o te raima. Ko nga whakaheke wai whai hua nui e whakamahia ana i tenei wa ko te nuinga o nga waahanga e whai ake nei: te whakaheke wai-naphthalene (SNF), te whakaheke wai-whakaheke melamine melamine (SMF), te whakaheke-wai-wai-whakaheke (ASP), te superplasticizer Lignosulfonate kua whakarereketia ( ML), me te polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PC), kei te rangahau kaha ake i tenei wa. Ko te tātari i te tukanga whakahiato o nga whakaheke wai, ko te nuinga o nga kai whakaheke wai condensate o mua e whakamahi ana i te formaldehyde me te haunga tino kaha hei rauemi mata mo te tauhohenga polycondensation, a ko te tikanga whakangao ki te waikawa sulfuric sulfuric tino pirau, te waikawa pungatara kukū ranei. Kare e kore ka puta he kino ki runga i nga kaimahi me te taiao a tawhio noa, ka puta hoki te nui o te toenga para me te wai para, e kore e pai ki te whanaketanga taumau; engari, ahakoa he pai nga painga o nga whakaheke wai polycarboxylate mo te iti o te ngaro o te raima i roto i te waa, he iti te inenga, he pai te rere Ko nga painga o te kiato teitei me te kore o nga mea paitini penei i te formaldehyde, engari he uaua ki te whakatairanga i Haina na te nui utu. Mai i te tātaritanga o te puna o nga rauemi mata, ehara i te mea uaua ki te kitea ko te nuinga o nga kai whakaheke wai kua whakahuahia ake nei ka whakahiatohia i runga i nga hua petrochemical/hua-hua, i te mea ko te hinuhinu, hei rauemi kore-whakahou, kei te iti haere, kei te piki haere tonu tona utu. No reira, me pehea te whakamahi i nga rauemi hou me te maha o nga rauemi hou hei rauemi mata hei hanga i nga superplasticizer raima mahi teitei kua noho hei huarahi rangahau nui mo nga superplasticizer raima.

Ko te Cellulose he macromolecule raina i hangaia ma te hono i te maha o D-glucopyranose ki te β-(1-4) here glycosidic. E toru nga roopu hydroxyl i ia mowhiti glucopyranosyl. Ka taea e te maimoatanga tika te whiwhi i etahi tauhohenga. I roto i tenei pepa, i whakamahia te penupenu miro cellulose hei rauemi mata tuatahi, a, i muri i te waikawa waikawa ki te whiwhi cellulose microcrystalline me te tohu polymerization pai, ka whakahohehia e te konutai waiwai ka tauhohe ki te 1,4-butane sultone ki te whakarite Butyl sulfonate Acid. Ko te superplasticizer cellulose ether, me nga mea whakaawe o ia tauhohenga i korerohia.

2. Whakamatau

2.1 Rauemi mata

Cellulose miro penupenu, tohu polymerization 576, Xinjiang Aoyang Technology Co., Ltd.; 1,4-butane sultone (BS), tohu ahumahi, i hangaia e Shanghai Jiachen Chemical Co., Ltd.; 52.5R noa Portland ciment, Urumqi Ka whakaratohia e te wheketere ciment; Haina kirikiri paerewa ISO, i hangaia e Xiamen Ace Ou Standard Sand Co., Ltd.; konutai waihā, waikawa pūmāota, isopropanol, methanol anhydrous, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, petroleum ether, me etahi atu, he parakore katoa, he mea hokohoko.

2.2 Tikanga whakamatautau

Paunahia te nui o te penupenu miro ka huri tika, ka maka ki roto i te pounamu kakai-toru, ka taapirihia he kukū o te waikawa makuku waimeha, whakaohokia kia wera me te whakamaarama mo tetahi wa, whakamatao ki te pāmahana rūma, tātari, horoia ki te wai tae noa ki te koretake, ka maroke ki te 50°C kia whiwhi I muri i te whai i nga rauemi mata o te microcrystalline cellulose me nga nekehanga rereke o te polymerization, inehia te tohu o te polymerization i runga i nga tuhinga, hoatu ki roto i te pounamu tauhohenga kaki-toru, whakatarewa me te he kaihoko whakatarewa kia 10 nga wa o tona papatipu, tāpirihia he wairewa wai konutai konutai i raro i te whakakorikori, Whakakorikoria me te whakahohe i te pāmahana rūma mo tetahi wa, tāpirihia te nui o te 1,4-butane sultone (BS), whakamahana. ki te tauhohenga tauhohenga, tauhohe i te pāmahana tuturu mo etahi wa, whakamatao i te hua ki te pāmahana rūma, ka whiwhi i te hua masivesivá na roto i te tātari momi. Horoihia ki te wai me te methanol mo nga wa e 3, ka tātari me te momi kia whiwhi ai te hua whakamutunga, ara ko te cellulose butylsulfonate water reducer (SBC).

2.3 Te tātari hua me te tohu tohu

2.3.1 Te whakatau i te ihirangi whanariki hua me te tatau i te tohu whakakapinga

I whakamahia te FLASHEA-PE2400 kaitirotiro huānga ki te whakahaere i te wetewete i runga i te hua whakaheke wai cellulose butyl sulfonate maroke hei whakatau i te ihirangi whanariki.

2.3.2 Te whakatau i te rere o te kumete

I inehia kia rite ki te 6.5 i roto i te GB8076-2008. Arā, i te tuatahi te ine i te ranunga wai/sima/kirikiri paerewa i runga i te NLD-3 ciment mortar fluidity tester ina he (180±2)mm te diameter roha. ciment, ko te 230g te kohi wai tohu tohu ine), katahi ka tapirihia he kai whakaheke wai ko tona papatipu he 1% o te papatipu ciment ki te wai, e ai ki te ciment/wai whakaheke wai/wai paerewa/kirikiri paerewa=450g/4.5g/ 230 g/ Ko te ōwehenga o te 1350 g ka whakanohoia ki roto i te JJ-5 ciment mortar mixer ka oho riterite, ka ine te whanui o te moata i runga i te morta fluidity tester, ko te rerenga moata ine.

2.3.3 Whakaaturanga Hua

Ko te tauira i tohuhia e te FT-IR ma te whakamahi i te EQUINOX 55 momo Fourier transform infrared spectrometer o te Kamupene Bruker; te H NMR spectrum o te tauira i tohuhia e te INOVA ZAB-HS parau superconducting taputapu resonance autō karihi o Varian Company; Ko te ahua o te hua i kitea i raro i te karuiti; I mahia te tātaritanga XRD i runga i te tauira ma te whakamahi i te diffractometer X-ray o te Kamupene MAC M18XHF22-SRA.

3. Nga hua me te matapaki

3.1 Nga hua tohu

3.1.1 Hua tohu tohu FT-IR

I mahia te tātari infrared i runga i te microcrystalline cellulose mata me te tohu polymerization Dp=45 me te hua SBC i whakahiato mai i tenei rauemi mata. I te mea he tino ngoikore nga tihi absorption o SC me SH, kaore e pai mo te tautuhi, i te mea he kaha te kaha o te S=O. No reira, mena he roopu waikawa sulfonic kei roto i te hanganga ngota ka taea te whakatau ma te whakapumau i te noho o te tihi S=O. Ko te tikanga, i roto i te awhi cellulose, he kaha te tihi o te whakaurunga i te tau ngaru o te 3344 cm-1, e kiia ana ko te tihi wiri totoro hydroxyl i roto i te cellulose; ko te tihi kaha ake o te whakaurunga i te tau ngaru 2923 cm-1 ko te tihi wiri totoro o te methylene (-CH2). Te tihi wiri; ko nga raupapa o nga roopu i tito mai i te 1031, 1051, 1114, me te 1165cm-1 e whakaata ana i te tihi absorption o te wiri totoro hydroxyl me te tihi absorption o te wiri piko o te here ether (COC); ko te nama ngaru 1646cm-1 e whakaata ana i te hauwai i hangaia e te hauwai me te wai kore Ko te tihi absorption here; Ko te roopu o 1432 ~ 1318cm-1 e whakaatu ana i te oranga o te hanganga karaihe cellulose. I roto i te IR spectrum o SBC, ka ngoikore te kaha o te roopu 1432 ~ 1318cm-1; i te mea ka piki ake te kaha o te tihi absorption i te 1653 cm-1, e tohu ana ka kaha ake te kaha ki te hanga i nga here hauwai; 1040, 605cm-1 ka kaha ake Nga tihi absorption, karekau enei e rua e whakaatahia ana i roto i te hihinga infrared o te cellulose, ko te mea o mua ko te tihi absorption āhuatanga o te here S=O, ko te whakamutunga ko te peak absorption āhuatanga o te here SO. I runga i te tātaritanga i runga ake nei, ka kitea i muri i te tauhohenga etherification o te cellulose, he roopu waikawa sulfonic kei roto i tana mekameka ngota.

3.1.2 H NMR hua tohu

Ka kitea te H NMR spectrum o te cellulose butyl sulfonate: i roto i te γ=1.74~2.92 ko te huringa matū proton hydrogen o te cyclobutyl, kei roto i te γ=3.33~4.52 te waeine cellulose anhydroglucose Te nekehanga matū o te proton hāora i roto i te γ=4.52 Ko te ~6 te nekehanga matū o te iraoho methylene i roto i te roopu waikawa butylsulfonic e hono ana ki te hāora, karekau he tihi i te γ=6~7, e tohu ana ehara te hua i etahi atu iraoho.

3.1.3 Hua tohu tohu SEM

Te kitenga SEM o te penupenu miro cellulose, cellulose microcrystalline me te butylsulfonate cellulose hua. Ma te wetewete i nga hua tātari SEM o te penupenu miro cellulose, cellulose microcrystalline me te hua cellulose butanesulfonate (SBC), ka kitea ko te microcrystalline cellulose i whiwhi i muri i te hydrolysis me te HCL ka taea te whakarereke i te hanganga o nga muka cellulose. I pakaruhia te hanga kiko, ka whiwhi matūriki cellulose whakahiato pai. Ko te SBC i riro mai i te tauhohenga atu ki te BS kaore he hanganga kiko, ka huri hei hanga amorphous, he painga mo tona whakakorenga ki te wai.

3.1.4 Hua tohu tohu XRD

Ko te maataata o te cellulose me ona hua e pa ana ki te paheketanga o te rohe tioata i hangaia e te hanganga waeine cellulose i roto i te katoa. I te wa e pa ana te cellulose me ona pärönaki ki te tauhohenga matū, ka pakaru nga here hauwai i roto i te ngota ngota me waenga ngota ngota, ka huri te rohe tioata hei rohe amorphous, na reira ka whakaiti i te tioata. Na reira, ko te huringa o te tioata i mua atu i muri i te tauhohenga he ine mo te cellulose Ko tetahi o nga paearu ki te uru atu ki te whakautu, kaore ranei. I mahia te tātaritanga XRD ki te microcrystalline cellulose me te hua cellulose butanesulfonate. Ka taea te kite ma te whakataurite i muri i te whakamaaramatanga, ka rereke te ahua o te tioata, a kua tino huri te hua ki te hanganga amorphous, kia taea ai te rewa ki te wai.

3.2 Ko te painga o te tohu o te polymerization o nga rauemi mata ki te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua

Ko te rere o te kumete e whakaatu tika ana i te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua, a ko te whanariki o roto o te hua ko tetahi o nga mea tino nui e pa ana ki te rere o te moata. Ko te rere o te kumete ka ine i te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua.

I muri i te huri i nga tikanga tauhohenga hydrolysis ki te whakarite i te MCC me nga nekehanga rereke o te polymerization, kia rite ki te tikanga o runga ake nei, kowhiria tetahi tukanga whakahiato hei whakarite i nga hua SBC, ine i te ihirangi whanariki ki te tatau i te tohu whakakapinga hua, me te taapiri i nga hua SBC ki te wai. /sima/te tikanga whakaranu kirikiri ine i te rere o te kumete.

Ka kitea mai i nga hua whakamatautau i roto i te awhe rangahau, i te wa e teitei ana te tohu polymerization o te microcrystalline cellulose raw material, he iti te ihirangi whanariki (tohu whakakapi) o te hua me te rere o te moata. Ko tenei na te mea: he iti te taumaha ngota o te rauemi mata, e pai ana ki te whakakotahitanga o nga rauemi mata me te urunga o te kaihoko etherification, na reira ka pai ake te tohu o te etherification o te hua. Heoi, ko te reiti whakaheke wai hua kaore e piki i te raina tika me te heke o te tohu polymerization o nga rawa mata. Ko nga hua whakamatautau e whakaatu ana ko te rere o te moata o te ranunga moata ciment i konatunatua ki te SBC kua whakaritea ma te whakamahi i te microcrystalline cellulose me te tohu polymerization Dp<96 (taimaha ngota<15552) he nui ake i te 180 mm (he nui ake i tera kaore he whakaheke wai). . te rere o te tohu tohu), e tohu ana ka taea te whakarite SBC ma te whakamahi i te cellulose me te taumaha ngota iti iho i te 15552, a ka taea te whiwhi i tetahi reiti whakaheke wai; Ko te SBC kua rite ma te whakamahi i te microcrystalline cellulose me te tohu o te polymerization o 45 (taimaha rāpoi: 7290), me te taapiri atu ki te ranunga raima , ko te rerenga ine o te moata te mea nui rawa atu, na reira ka whakaarohia ko te cellulose me te tohu polymerization. tata ki te 45 he tino pai mo te whakarite SBC; ka nui ake te tohu polymerization o nga rawa mata ki te 45, ka heke haere te wai o te kumete, ko te tikanga ka heke te reiti whakaheke wai. Ko tenei na te mea ka nui te taumaha o te ngota, i tetahi taha, ka piki ake te viscosity o te punaha ranunga, ka paheke te ahua o te marara o te ciment, ka puhoi te marara i roto i te raima, ka pa ki te paanga marara; i tetahi atu ringa, i te mea he nui te taumaha ngota, Ko nga macromolecules o te superplasticizer kei roto i te ahua o te coil matapōkere, he uaua ki te adsorb i runga i te mata o te matūriki ciment. Engari ki te iti iho i te 45 te tohu o te polymerization o te rauemi mata, ahakoa he nui te kiko whanariki (tohu whakakapi) o te hua, ka timata ano te heke o te ranunga moata, engari he iti rawa te heke. Ko te take ko te mea he iti te taumaha ngota o te kaihoko whakaheke wai, ahakoa he ngawari te whakamaaramatanga ngota, he pai te makuku, he nui ake te tere o te whakauru o te ngota o te ngota, a he poto rawa te mekameka kawe wai, me te waku i waenganui i nga matūriki he nui, he kino ki te raima. Ko te paanga mararatanga kaore i te pai ki tera o te whakaheke wai he nui ake te taumaha ngota. Na reira, he mea tino nui ki te whakahaere tika i te taumaha ngota o te mata poaka (waahanga cellulose) hei whakapai ake i te mahi o te whakaheke wai.

3.3 Te painga o nga tikanga tauhohenga ki te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua

Ka kitea i roto i nga whakamatautau i tua atu i te tohu o te polymerization o te MCC, ko te ōwehenga o nga tauhohenga, te pāmahana tauhohenga, te whakahohenga o nga rawa mata, te wa whakahiato hua, me te momo o te kaihoko whakatārewa ka pa katoa ki te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua.

3.3.1 ōwehenga tauhohenga

(1) Ko te inenga o te BS

I raro i nga tikanga kua whakatauhia e etahi atu waahanga tukanga (ko te tohu o te polymerization o MCC ko 45, n (MCC): n (NaOH) = 1: 2.1, ko te kaihoko whakatārewa he isopropanol, ko te wa whakahohe o te cellulose i te pāmahana rūma ko te 2h, te Ko te pāmahana whakahiato he 80°C, me te wa whakahiato 5h), ki te tirotiro i te paanga o te nui o te kaihoko whakateera 1,4-butane sultone (BS) i runga i te tohu whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic o te hua me te rere o te wai. moata.

Ka taea te kite i te mea ka piki ake te nui o te BS, ka tino piki ake te tohu o te whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic me te rere o te moata. Ina tae te ōwehenga o te BS ki te MCC ki te 2.2:1, ka eke te wai o te DS me te kumete ki te morahi. uara, ka whakaarohia ko te mahi whakaheke wai te mea pai i tenei wa. I piki haere tonu te uara BS, ka timata te heke o te tohu whakakapinga me te rere o te moata. Na te mea ka nui te BS, ka tauhohe a BS me te NaOH hei whakaputa HO-(CH2)4SO3Na. Na reira, ka kowhiria e tenei pepa te ōwehenga tino pai o te BS ki te MCC hei 2.2:1.

(2) Ko te inenga o te NaOH

I raro i nga tikanga kua whakatauhia e etahi atu waahanga tukanga (ko te tohu o te polymerization o MCC ko 45, n (BS): n (MCC) = 2.2: 1. Ko te kaihoko whakatārewa he isopropanol, ko te wa whakahohe o te cellulose i te pāmahana rūma ko te 2h, te Ko te pāmahana whakahiato he 80°C, me te wa whakahiato 5h), hei tirotiro i te paanga o te nui o te konutai waikawa ki runga i te tohu whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic i roto i te hua me te rere o te kumete.

Ka kitea, me te piki ake o te nui o te whakahekenga, ka piki tere te tohu o te whakakapinga o te SBC, ka timata te heke i muri i te ekenga ki te uara teitei. Ko tenei na te mea, i te wa e teitei ana te ihirangi NaOH, he maha rawa nga turanga kore utu i roto i te punaha, a ka piki ake te tupono o nga tauhohenga taha, ka nui ake te whakauru atu o nga kaihoko etherification (BS) ki nga tauhohenga taha, na reira ka whakaiti i te tohu whakakapinga o te sulfonic. nga roopu waikawa i roto i te hua. I te teitei ake o te wera, ko te nui o te NaOH ka whakaheke i te cellulose, a, ko te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua ka pa ki te iti o te polymerization. E ai ki nga hua whakamatautau, i te wa e tata ana te 2.1 o te tauwehenga molar o te NaOH ki te MCC, ko te tohu whakakapinga ko te mea nui rawa atu, na tenei pepa ka whakatau ko te tauwehenga molar o NaOH ki te MCC he 2.1:1.0.

3.3.2 Te paanga o te pāmahana tauhohenga ki te mahi whakaheke wai hua

I raro i nga tikanga kua whakatauhia e etahi atu tawhā tukanga (ko te tohu o te polymerization o MCC he 45, n(MCC):n(NaOH):n(BS)=1:2.1:2.2, ko te kaihoko whakatarewa he isopropanol, me te wa whakahohe o ko te cellulose i te pāmahana rūma he 2h Wā 5h), i tirotirohia te awe o te pāmahana tauhohenga whakahiato ki te tohu whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic i roto i te hua.

Ka kitea ka piki haere te pāmahana tauhohenga, ka piki haere te tohu whakakapinga waikawa sulfonic DS o SBC, engari ka neke ake te pāmahana tauhohenga ki te 80 °C, ka whakaatu a DS i te ia whakararo. Ko te tauhohenga etherification i waenga i te 1,4-butane sultone me te cellulose he tauhohenga endothermic, me te whakanui ake i te pāmahana tauhohenga he painga ki te tauhohenga i waenga i te kaihoko whakaetere me te roopu cellulose hydroxyl, engari ki te piki o te pāmahana, ka piki haere te paanga o te NaOH me te cellulose. . Ka kaha, ka heke te cellulose, ka taka, ka heke te taumaha ngota o te cellulose me te whakatipu huka iti. He ngawari noa te tauhohenga o aua momo ngota iti me nga matū whakaetere, ka nui ake te pau o nga matū whakateera, ka pa ki te tohu o te whakakapinga o te hua. No reira, ko te whakaaro o tenei tuhinga whakapae ko te pāmahana tauhohenga tino pai mo te tauhohenga etherification o te BS me te cellulose he 80 ℃.

3.3.3 Te paanga o te wa tauhohenga ki te mahi whakaheke wai hua

Kua wehea te wa tauhohenga ki te whakahohe i te pāmahana rūma o nga rauemi mata me te wa whakahiato o nga hua.

(1) Te wa whakahohe i te pāmahana rūma o nga rauemi mata

I raro i nga tikanga tukanga tino pai i runga ake nei (ko te tohu MCC o te polymerization he 45, n(MCC):n(NaOH):n(BS)=1:2.1:2.2, he isopropanol te kaihoko whakatārewa, he 80°C te pāmahana tauhohenga synthesis, te hua Te wa whakahiato o te pāmahana 5h), tirotirohia te awe o te wa whakahohe i te pāmahana rūma ki te tohu whakakapinga o te roopu waikawa butanesulfonic hua.

Ka kitea ko te tohu o te whakakapinga o te roopu waikawa butanesulfonic o te hua SBC ka piki i te tuatahi ka heke ki te roanga o te wa whakahohe. Ko te take tātaritanga pea na te pikinga o te wa mahi NaOH, he kino te paheketanga o te cellulose. Whakahekea te taumaha ngota o te cellulose ki te whakaputa huka ngota iti. He ngawari noa te tauhohenga o aua momo ngota iti me nga matū whakaetere, ka nui ake te pau o nga matū whakateera, ka pa ki te tohu o te whakakapinga o te hua. No reira, ko te whakaaro o tenei pepa ko te 2h te wa whakakorikori i te pāmahana rūma o nga rawa mata.

(2) Te wa whakahiato hua

I raro i nga tikanga tukanga tino pai i runga ake nei, i tirotirohia te paanga o te wa whakahohe i te pāmahana rūma i runga i te tohu whakakapinga o te roopu waikawa butanesulfonic o te hua. Ka kitea me te roa o te wa tauhohenga, ka piki tuatahi te tohu o te whakakapinga, engari ka tae te wa tauhohenga ki te 5h, ka whakaatu te DS i te ahua heke. E pa ana tenei ki te turanga kore utu kei roto i te tauhohenga etherification o te cellulose. I te teitei ake o te pāmahana, ko te roanga o te wa tauhohenga ka piki ake te tohu o te waikura alkali o te cellulose, te poto o te mekameka ngota ngota cellulose, te heke o te taumaha ngota o te hua, me te piki o nga tauhohenga taha, ka puta whakakapinga. ka heke te tohu. I tenei whakamatautau, ko te wa whakahiato pai ko te 5h.

3.3.4 Te awenga o te momo o te kaihoko whakatarewa ki te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua

I raro i nga tikanga tukanga tino pai (ko te tohu tohu polymerization MCC he 45, n (MCC): n (NaOH): n (BS) = 1: 2.1: 2.2, ko te wa whakahohe o nga rauemi mata i te pāmahana rūma ko te 2h, ko te wa whakahiato o te pāmahana. o nga hua ko te 5h, me te pāmahana tauhohenga whakahiato 80 ℃), whiriwhirihia te isopropanol, te waihano, te n-butanol, te ethyl acetate me te petroleum ether hei kaiwhakarewa whakatārewa, me te matapaki i o raatau awe ki te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua.

Ko te tikanga, ko te isopropanol, te n-butanol me te ethyl acetate ka taea katoa te whakamahi hei kaihoko whakatari i roto i tenei tauhohenga etherification. Ko te mahi a te kaihoko whakatārewa, i tua atu i te whakamarara i nga tauhohenga, ka taea te whakahaere i te pāmahana tauhohenga. Ko te ira kohua o te isopropanol he 82.3°C, na reira ka whakamahia te isopropanol hei maatete whakatārewa, ka taea te whakahaere i te pāmahana o te punaha tata ki te pāmahana tauhohenga tino pai, me te tohu o te whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic i roto i te hua me te rere o te wai. he ahua teitei te kumete; i te mea he tiketike rawa te whewhe o te ethanol Te iti, kaore te pāmahana tauhohenga e tutuki i nga whakaritenga, he iti te tohu o te whakakapinga o nga roopu waikawa butanesulfonic i roto i te hua me te rerenga o te moata; Ka uru pea te hinu ether ki te tauhohenga, no reira karekau he hua kua marara.

4 Whakamutunga

(1) Te whakamahi i te penupenu miro hei rauemi mata tuatahi,microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)me te tohu pai o te polymerization i whakaritea, ka whakahohehia e te NaOH, ka tauhohe ki te 1,4-butane sultone ki te whakarite waikawa butylsulfonic wai-wairewa Cellulose ether, ara, he whakaheke wai i runga i te cellulose. Ko te hanganga o te hua i tohuhia, a, i kitea i muri i te tauhohenga etherification o te cellulose, he roopu waikawa sulfonic i runga i tana mekameka ngota, kua huri hei hanganga amorphous, a he pai te wairewa o te hua whakaheke wai;

(2) Na roto i nga whakamatautau, ka kitea ko te tohu o te polymerization o te microcrystalline cellulose he 45, ko te mahi whakaheke wai o te hua kua whiwhi ko te mea pai rawa atu; i raro i te tikanga ka whakatauhia te tohu o te polymerization o nga rawa mata, ko te ōwehenga o nga tauhohenga ko n(MCC):n(NaOH):n(BS)=1:2.1:2.2, ko te wa whakahohenga o nga rawa mata i te pāmahana rūma he 2h, ko te 80°C te pāmahana whakahiato hua, ko te 5h te wa whakahiato. He tino pai te mahi wai.