CMC Cellulose me ona ahuatanga o te hanganga

Ma te whakamahi i te kakau kakau cellulose hei rauemi mata, i whakarereketia e te etherification. Na roto i te take kotahi me te whakamatautau hurihuri, ko nga tikanga tino pai mo te whakarite o te carboxymethyl cellulose i whakatauhia ko: te wa etherification 100min, te pāmahana etherification 70℃, NaOH inenga 3.2g me te waikawa monochloroacetic inenga 3.0g, te tino whakakapinga Ko te tohu ko te 0.53.

Nga kupu matua: CMCcellulose; waikawa monochloroacetic; whakaetere; whakarerekētanga

Carboxymethyl celluloseKo te ether cellulose te nuinga o te whakaputa me te hoko i te ao. Kei te whakamahia nuitia i roto i te horoi horoi, te kai, te toothpaste, te kakano, te tuhi me te tae, te hanga pepa, te hinu, te maina, te rongoa, te karamu, nga waahanga hiko, te rapa, te peita, te pesticides, te whakapaipai, te hiako, te kirihou me te keri hinu, me etahi atu, e mohiotia ana. hei "monosodium glutamate ahumahi". Ko te Carboxymethyl cellulose he wai-wairewa cellulose ether pärönaki i whiwhi ma te whakarerekë matū i te cellulose taiao. Ko te Cellulose, te rauemi matua mo te hanga o te carboxymethyl cellulose, ko tetahi o nga rawa tino hou e taea te whakahou ake i te whenua, me te whakaputanga a-tau o nga rau piriona taranata. ko toku whenua he whenua ahuwhenua nui me tetahi o nga whenua e tino nui ana te kakau kakau witi. Ko te kakau witi tonu tetahi o nga tino wahie ora mo nga kainoho taiwhenua. Ko enei rawa kare ano kia tino whakawhanakehia mo te wa roa, a, iti iho i te 2% o nga otaota ahuwhenua me nga otaota ngahere penei i te kakau witi e whakamahia ana i te ao ia tau. Ko te raihi te hua ohaoha matua i te Porowini o Heilongjiang, me te waahi whakato neke atu i te 2 miriona hm2, te whakaputanga a-tau o te 14 miriona taranata raihi, me te 11 miriona taranata o te kakau witi. Ko te tikanga ka tahuna tika e nga kaiahuwhenua i roto i te mara hei para, ehara i te mea he ururua nui o nga rawa taiao, engari he tino parahanga ki te taiao. No reira, ko te mohio ki te whakamahi rawa o te kakau witi ko te hiahia o te rautaki whanaketanga tauwhiro o te ahuwhenua.

1. Nga rauemi me nga tikanga whakamatautau

1.1 Nga rawa me nga taputapu whakamatautau

Ko te kakau witi he cellulose, he mea hanga i roto i te taiwhanga; JJ～1 momo whakauru hiko, Jintan Guowang Whakamātautau Taputapu Factory; SHZW2C momo RS—He papu korehau, Shanghai Pengfu Electromechanical Co., Ltd.; pHS-3C mita pH, Mettler-Toledo Co., Ltd.; DGG-9070A te whakawera hiko whakamaroke i te pāmahana o te oumu, Beijing North Lihui Test Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.; HITACHI-S ~ 3400N matawai karu irahiko, Taputapu Hitachi; waiwaro; konutai waihā; waikawa chloroacetic, aha atu (he parakore nga reagents i runga ake nei).

1.2 Tikanga whakamatautau

1.2.1 Whakaritenga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

(1) Ko te tikanga whakarite o te carboxymethyl cellulose: Paunatia te 2 g cellulose ki roto i te ipu kaki-toru, taapirihia te 2.8 go NaOH, 20 mL o te wairewa waiwaro 75%, ka rukuhia ki te kawakore i roto i te pati wai mahana tonu i te 25°C mo te 80 min. Whakaranuhia ki te whakaranu kia pai te whakakotahi. I roto i tenei tukanga, ka tauhohe te cellulose ki te wairewa kawakore ki te hanga cellulose alkali. I roto i te wahanga whakakaha, tāpirihia te 10 mL o te wairewa waiwaro 75% me te 3 karae o te waikawa chloroacetic ki te ipu kaki-toru i tauhohehia i runga ake nei, whakanekehia te pāmahana ki te 65-70° C., ka tauhohe mo te 60 meneti. Taapirihia he kawakore mo te wa tuarua, katahi ka tapirihia te 0.6g NaOH ki te ipu hohenga i runga ake nei kia noho te pāmahana ki te 70°C, me te 40 meneti te wa tauhohenga kia whiwhi ai i te Na masivesivá—CMC (konutai carboxymethylcellulose).

Te whakakore me te horoi: taapirihia te 1moL·L-1 waikawa pūmāota, me te whakakore i te tauhohenga i te pāmahana rūma tae noa ki te pH=7~8. Katahi ka horoi kia rua ki te 50% te waihano, katahi ka horoi ki te 95% te waihano, ka tātari ki te momi, ka maroke ki te 80-90°C mo te 2 haora.

(2) Te whakatau i te tohu o te tauira whakakapinga: te tikanga whakatau mita kawatanga: Paunatia te 0.2g (tika ki te 0.1mg) o te tauira Na-CMC kua purea me te whakamaroke, whakakoha i roto i te 80mL wai maturu, whakaohohia te hiko mo te 10min, ka whakatika ki te waikawa, ki te kawakawa ranei Na te wairewa i kawe te pH o te otinga ki te 8. Katahi ka titrate te wairewa whakamatautau ki te wairewa paerewa waikawa pungatara i roto i te ipurau kua mau ki te electrode mita pH, ka titiro ki te tohu o te mita pH i te wa e tarai ana kia tae ra ano te pH. 3.74. Tuhia te rōrahi o te wairewa paerewa waikawa pungatara e whakamahia ana.

1.2.2 Tikanga whakamatautau take kotahi

(1) Ko te painga o te nui o te kawakore i runga i te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose: kawe i te whakamaarama i te 25℃, rumaki alkali mo te 80 meneti, te kukū i roto i te wairewa waihā ko 75%, te whakahaere i te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic reagent 3g, etherification pāmahana ko 65 ~ 70°C, ko te 100 meneti te wa etherification, ka whakarereketia te nui o te konutai hydroxide mo te whakamatautau.

(2) Ko te painga o te kukū o te wairewa waihā i runga i te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose: ko te nui o te kawakore kua whakaritea ko te 3.2g, te rumaki kawakore ki roto i te pati wai mahana tonu i te 25°C mo te 80min, ko te kukū o te wairewa waihā ko 75%, ko te nui o te reagent waikawa monochloroacetic e whakahaeretia ana i te 3g, etherification Ko te pāmahana he 65-70°C, ko te 100min te wa etherification, ka huri te kukū o te wairewa waihā mo te whakamatautau.

(3) Te painga o te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic ki te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose: whakatika i te 25°C mo te whakamaaramatanga, whakamaua ki te kawakore mo te 80 meneti, taapirihia te 3.2g o te konutai waihā kia 75% te kukū o te wairewa waihā, ether Ko te 65~70 te pāmahana.°C, ko te 100min te wa etherification, ka huri te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic mo te whakamatautau.

(4) Te awenga o te pāmahana etherification i runga i te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose: whakatika i te 25°C mo te whakamaaramatanga, whakamaua ki te kawakore mo te 80 meneti, taapirihia te 3.2g o te konutai waihā kia 75% te kukū o te wairewa waihā, te pāmahana whakaehe Ko te 65~70 te pāmahana.℃, ko te wa etherification he 100min, ka mahia te whakamatautau ma te whakarereke i te inenga o te waikawa monochloroacetic.

(5) Te paanga o te wa etherification i runga i te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose: kua whakaritea ki te 25°C mo te whakamaaramatanga, ka tapirihia te 3.2g o te konutai konutai, ka ruia ki te kawakore mo te 80min kia 75% te kukū o te wairewa waiwaro, me te monochlor te whakahaere Ko te inenga o te reagent waikawa acetic he 3g, ko te 65~70 te pāmahana etherification.°C, ka hurihia te wa whakaetere mo te whakamatautau.

1.2.3 Mahere whakamatautau me te arotautanga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

I runga i te whakamätautau take kotahi, i hangaia he whakamätautau whakahiatotanga o te hurihanga orthogonal regression me nga mea e wha me nga taumata e rima. Ko nga mea e wha ko te wa etherification, te pāmahana etherification, te nui o te NaOH me te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic. Ka whakamahia e te tukatuka raraunga te rorohiko tatauranga SAS8.2 mo te tukatuka raraunga, e whakaatu ana i te hononga i waenga i ia take whakaawe me te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose. ture o roto.

1.2.4 tikanga tātari SEM

Ko te tauira paura maroke i whakaritea ki runga i te atamira tauira me te kopa conductive, a, i muri i te korehau mapu koura, ka kitea, ka whakaahuatia i raro i te karu hiko matawai Hitachi-S-3400N Hitachi.

2. Nga hua me te tātari

2.1 Te paanga o te tauwehe kotahi ki te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

2.1.1 Te painga o te nui o te kawakore ki te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

I te wa i whakauruhia ai te NaOH3.2g ki te 2g cellulose, ko te tohu whakakapinga o te hua ko te teitei rawa. Ka whakaitihia te nui o te NaOH, kaore i te nui ki te hanga i te whakakorenga o te cellulose alkaline me te kaihoko etherification, me te hua he iti o te whakakapi me te iti o te viscosity. Engari, ki te nui rawa te nui o te NaOH, ka piki ake nga tauhohenga taha i te wa o te hydrolysis o te waikawa chloroacetic, ka piki ake te kai o te kaihoko etherifying, ka heke ano te pokey hua.

2.1.2 Te paanga o te kukū o te wairewa waiwaro ki te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

Ko tetahi waahanga o te wai i roto i te wairewa waihano kei roto i te tauhohenga i waho o te cellulose, ko tetahi atu waahanga kei roto i te cellulose. Mena he nui rawa te nui o te wai, ka pupuhi te CMC ki roto i te wai hei hanga tiēre i te wa o te etherification, ka puta he tauhohenga tino koretake; mena he iti rawa te wai o te wai, ka uaua te haere tonu o te tauhohenga na te kore o te reo tauhohenga. Ko te tikanga, ko te 80% ewaro te whakarewa tino pai.

2.1.3 Te paanga o te inenga o te waikawa monochloroacetic ki te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

Ko te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic me te konutai konutai he 1:2 te tikanga, engari hei neke i te tauhohenga ki te ahunga o te whakaputa CMC, me whakarite he turanga kore utu i roto i te punaha tauhohenga, kia pai ai te haere o te carboxymethylation. Mo konei, ka whakamahia te tikanga o te kawakore i te taikaha, ara, ko te ōwehenga molar o te waikawa me te matū alkali he 1:2.2.

2.1.4 Te awenga o te pāmahana whakaetere ki te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

Ko te teitei ake o te pāmahana etherification, ka tere ake te tere o te tauhohenga, engari ka tere ano nga tauhohenga taha. Mai i te tirohanga o te toenga matū, he kino te piki o te pāmahana ki te hanganga o te CMC, engari mena he iti rawa te pāmahana, he puhoi te tere o te tauhohenga me te iti o te reiti whakamahi o te kaihoko etherifying. Ka kitea ko te pāmahana tino pai mo te whakamaarama he 70°C.

2.1.5 Te paanga o te wa whakaetere ki te tohu whakakapinga o te carboxymethyl cellulose

Na te piki ake o te wa etherification, ka piki ake te tohu o te whakakapinga o te CMC, ka tere te tere o te tauhohenga, engari i muri i etahi wa, ka piki ake nga tauhohenga taha, ka heke te tohu o te whakakapi. Ina 100min te wa etherification, he nui rawa te tohu whakakapinga.

2.2 Nga hua whakamatautau Orthogonal me te tātari o nga roopu carboxymethyl

Ka taea te kite mai i te ripanga tātari rereke i roto i te mea tuatahi, ko nga mea e wha o te wa etherification, te pāmahana etherification, te nui o te NaOH me te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic he tino paanga ki te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose (p <0.01). I roto i nga taonga whakawhitiwhiti, ko nga mea whakawhitiwhiti o te wa etherification me te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic, me nga mea tauwhitinga o te etherification pāmahana me te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic he tino painga ki te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose (p<0.01). Ko te raupapa o te awe o nga momo mea i runga i te tohu o te whakakapi o te carboxymethyl cellulose ko: te pāmahana whakaetere>te nui o te waikawa monochloroacetic>te wa whakaeo>te nui o te NaOH.

I muri i te tātaritanga o nga hua whakamatautau o te hoahoa huinga huinga hurihuri orthogonal regression, ka taea te whakatau ko nga tikanga tino pai mo te whakarereketanga o te carboxymethylation ko: te wa etherification 100min, te pāmahana etherification 70℃, NaOH inenga 3.2g me te waikawa monochloroacetic Ko te inenga he 3.0g, a ko te tohu tino nui o te whakakapinga ko te 0.53.

2.3 Te tohu mahi moroiti

Ko te ahua o te mata o te cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose me nga matūriki carboxymethyl cellulose hono-whiti i akohia e te matawai irahiko moroiti. Ka tipu te cellulose i roto i te ahua takai me te mata maeneene; he taratara ake te tapa o te carboxymethyl cellulose i tera o te cellulose kua tangohia, ka piki ake te hanganga o te kohao ka nui ake te rōrahi. Ko tenei na te mea ka nui ake te hanganga paihere na te pupuhi o te carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. Whakamutunga

3.1 Te takanga o te carboxymethyl etherified cellulose Ko te raupapa o te hiranga o nga mea e wha e pa ana ki te tohu o te whakakapinga o te cellulose ko: te pāmahana whakaetere > te inenga waikawa monochloroacetic > te wa whakaetere > te inenga NaOH. Ko nga tikanga tino pai mo te whakarereketanga o te carboxymethylation ko te wa etherification 100min, te pāmahana etherification 70℃, NaOH inenga 3.2g, inenga waikawa monochloroacetic 3.0g, me te tohu whakakapinga teitei 0.53.

3.2 Ko nga tikanga hangarau tino pai mo te whakarereketanga o te carboxymethylation ko: te wa etherification 100min, te pāmahana etherification 70℃, NaOH inenga 3.2g, inenga waikawa monochloroacetic 3.0g, tohu whakakapinga teitei 0.53.