Etera Cellulose i runga i te Resin Epoxy

Ko te miro para me te otaota ka whakamahia hei rauemi mata, ka waiwai hei kawakoreether cellulosei raro i te mahi o te 18% alkali me te raupapa o nga taapiri. Na ka whakamahi i te kapia epoxy mo te grafting, ko te ōwehenga molar o te kapia epoxy me te muka alkali he 0.5:1.0, ko te pāmahana tauhohenga he 100°C, ko te wa tauhohenga ko te 5.0h, ko te inenga whakakōkī ko te 1%, a ko te tere grafting etherification ko 32%. Ko te epoxy cellulose ether kua whiwhihia ka whakakotahi ki te 0.6mol Cel-Ep me te 0.4mol CAB ki te whakahiato i tetahi hua paninga hou me te pai o te mahi. I whakapumautia te hanganga hua me te IR.

kupu matua:cellulose ether; whakahiato; CAB; āhuatanga whakakikorua

Cellulose etere he waerau maori, he mea hanga na roto i te whakamaaramatanga oβ- hukahuka. Ko te Cellulose he tohu teitei o te polymerization, he tohu pai o te whakatakotoranga, he pai te pumau matū. Ka taea te whiwhi ma te rongoa matū i te cellulose (te whakaeterera, te whakaeterera ranei). He raupapa o nga hua o te cellulose, ko enei hua e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i nga kirihou, nga pouaka tina biodegradable, nga whakakikorua o nga miihini teitei, nga waahanga motika, nga waituhi ta, nga whakapiri, me etahi atu. te whakawhänui tonu, te hanga i te pünaha ahumahi muka. Ko tenei kaupapa ko te whakamahi i te otaota, i te miro para ranei hei whakamaarama hei muka poto ma te rei, katahi ka honoa matū me te whakarereke kia hanga he momo paninga hou kaore ano kia korerotia ki te tuhinga.

1. Whakamatau

1.1 Reagents me nga taputapu

Ko te miro ururua (kua horoia, kua whakamarokehia), NaOH, 1,4-butanediol, methanol, thiourea, Urea, resin epoxy, anhydride acetic, waikawa butyric, trichloroethane, waikawa formic, glyoxal, toluene, CAB, me etahi atu (Ko te parakore he tohu CP) . Ko te Magna-IR 550 infrared spectrometer i hangaia e Nicolet Company o te United States i whakamahia hei whakarite i nga tauira ma te whakarewa tetrahydrofuran paninga. Tu-4 viscometer, FVXD3-1 momo te pāmahana taimau te mana-whaiaro hiko whakakorikori tauhohenga hohenga, i hangaia e Weihai Xiangwei Chemical Machinery Factory; viscometer hurihuri NDJ-7, momo Z-10MP5, i hangaia e Shanghai Tianping Instrument Factory; ka ine te taumaha ngota ma te viscosity Ubbelohde; Ko te whakarite me te whakamatautau o te kiriata peita ka mahia kia rite ki te paerewa a-motu GB-79.

1.2 Te kaupapa tauhohenga

1.3 Te whakahiato

Te whakahiatotanga o te epoxy cellulose: Tāpirihia te 100g o te muka miro tapatapahi ki te whakamahana i a ia ano te whakahaere i te hiko whakakorikori hiko, taapirihia he waikura ka tauhohe mo te 10 meneti, katahi ka tapirihia te waipiro me te kawakore ki te hanga i te rei me te kukū o te 18%. Tāpirihia nga kaiwhakatere A, B, me etahi atu mo te impregnation. Tauhohe i tetahi pāmahana i raro i te korehau mo te 12 haora, tātari, maroke me te pauna 50g o te cellulose alkalized, tāpiri whakarewa whakauru ki te hanga i te slurry, tāpiri whakakōkī me te kapia epoxy ki te taimaha rāpoi motuhake, wera ake ki te 90~110℃mo te tauhohenga etherification 4.0~ 6.0h tae noa ki te mimihini nga tauhohenga. Tāpirihia te waikawa formic hei whakakore me te tango i te kawakore, wehea te wairewa wai me te whakarewa, horoi ki te 80℃te wai wera hei tango i te tote konutai, ka whakamaroke hei whakamahi i muri mai. I inehia te viscosity intrinsic ki te Ubbelohde viscometer me te viscosity-average molecular weight i tatauhia i runga i nga tuhinga.

Ko te acetate butyl cellulose he rite ki te tikanga tuhinga, paunatia te 57.2g o te miro parakore, taapirihia te 55g anhydride acetic, 79g o te waikawa butyric, 9.5g o te konupora acetate, 5.1g o te waikawa sulfuric, whakamahia te butyl acetate hei whakarewa, ka tauhohe he pāmahana tae noa ki te tohu, ka whakakorehia ma te taapiri i te konutai acetate, ka whakahekehia, ka taraihia, ka horoia, ka taraihia, ka whakamarokehia hei whakamahi i muri mai. Tangohia te Cel-Ep, taapirihia te nui o te CAB me te whakarewa whakauru motuhake, whakamahana me te whakaoho mo te 0.5h ki te hanga i te wai matotoru rite, me te whakarite kiriata paninga me te whakamatautau mahi ka whai i te tikanga GB-79.

Te whakatau i te tohu o te esterification o te cellulose acetate: tuatahi tareka te cellulose acetate ki te dimethyl sulfoxide, tāpirihia te nui o te mita o te wairewa kawakore ki te wera me te whakamaarama, me te titrate i te otinga hydrolyzed ki te otinga paerewa NaOH ki te tatau i te katoa o te kai o te alkali. Te whakatau i te ihirangi wai: Whakanohoia te tauira ki roto i te oumu i te 100~105°C ki te maroke mo te 0.2h, paunatia me te tatau i te whakauru wai i muri i te whakamatao. Te whakatau i te horomitanga kawakore: paunatia he tauira ine, memeha ki roto i te wai wera, taapirihia te tohu methyl violet, katahi ka titrate ki te 0.05mol/L H2SO4. Te whakatau i te tohu roha: Paunatia te tauira 50g, kuru, ka maka ki roto i te ngongo kua oti te tohu, panuihia te rōrahi i muri i te wiri hiko, ka whakatairitehia ki te rōrahi o te paura cellulose korekore hei tatau i te tohu roha.

2. Nga hua me te matapaki

2.1 Te hononga i waenga i te kukū kawakore me te tohu huamo cellulose

Ko te tauhohenga o te cellulose me tetahi kukū o te otinga NaOH ka taea te whakangaro i te whakamaaramatanga o te cellulose i nga wa katoa me te whakarite kia pupuhi te cellulose. A he maha nga paheketanga ka puta i roto i te rei, ka whakaiti i te tohu o te polymerization. Ko nga whakamatautau e whakaatu ana ko te tohu o te pupuhi o te cellulose me te nui o te here o te kawakore, te whakauru ranei ka piki ake ki te kukū o te alkali. Ka piki te tohu o te hydrolysis ki te pikinga o te pāmahana. Ka eke te kukū kawakore ki te 20%, ko te tohu o te hauwai ko te 6.8% i te t=100°C; ko te tohu o te hauwai he 14% i te t=135°C. I te wa ano, ka whakaatuhia e te whakamatautau ka nui ake i te 30% te kawakore, ka tino heke te tohu o te hauwai o te wehenga mekameka cellulose. Ka tae te kukū kawakore ki te 18%, ko te kaha o te urunga me te pupuhi o te wai te nui rawa atu, ka piki haere tonu te kukū, ka heke koi ki te paparahi, ka huri haere tonu. I te wa ano, he tino tairongo tenei huringa ki te awe o te pāmahana. I raro i te kukū o te alkali, ina he iti te pāmahana (<20°C), he nui te tohu pupuhi o te cellulose, a he nui te nui o te whakauru o te wai; i te pāmahana teitei, he mea nui te tohu pupuhi me te nui o te whakauru wai. whakaiti.

Ko nga muka alkali he rereke te wai me te ihirangi kawakore i whakatauhia e te tikanga tātari wehewehe hihi-roro e ai ki nga tuhinga. I roto i te mahi tūturu, whakamahia te 18%~20% reitia ki te whakahaere i tetahi pāmahana tauhohenga ki te whakapiki ake i te tohu huamo o te cellulose. Ko nga whakamatautau e whakaatu ana ko te cellulose i tauhohehia e te whakamahana mo te 6~12h ka taea te rewa i roto i nga whakarewa polar. I runga i tenei meka, whakaaro te kaituhi e te memehatanga o te cellulose whai wāhi whakatau i roto i te tohu o te whakangaromanga here hauwai i waenganui i ngā rāpoi ngota cellulose i roto i te wāhanga tioata, whai e te tohu o te whakangaromanga here hauwai o intramolecular kūhuka rōpū C3-C2. Ki te nui ake te tohu o te whakangaromanga here hauwai, ka nui ake te huamo o te muka kawakore, ka tino ngaro te here hauwai, a, ko te hydrolyzate whakamutunga he matū wairewa-wai.

2.2 Te Painga o te Whakatere

Ko te taapiri i te waipiro-kohua-nui i te wa o te whakamaaramatanga o te cellulose ka piki ake te pāmahana tauhohenga, me te taapiri i te iti o te whakangao penei i te waipiro iti me te thiourea (he Urea ranei) ka kaha te whakatairanga i te kuhu me te pupuhi o te cellulose. Ka piki ake te kukū o te waipiro, ka piki ake te whakauru alkali o te cellulose, ka puta he huringa ohorere ina 20% te kukū, tera pea ka uru te waipiro monofunctional ki roto i nga ngota ngota cellulose ki te hanga i nga here hauwai me te cellulose, ka aukati i te cellulose. ngota ngota Ko nga here hauwai i waenga i nga mekameka me nga mekameka ngota ka piki ake te tohu o te mate, te whakanui ake i te mata o te mata, me te whakanui i te nui o te whakauru alkali. Heoi, i raro i nga ahuatanga ano, he iti te whakauru alkali o nga maramara rakau, a ka huri te pihi i roto i te ahua rereke. E pa ana pea ki te iti o te cellulose i roto i nga maramara rakau, kei roto te nui o te lignin, e aukati ana i te kuhu o te waipiro, me te pai o te wai me te aukati alkali.

2.3 Whakawhanaunga

Tāpirihia te 1% B whakakōkī, whakahaere rerekē pāmahana tauhohenga, ka kawe i te whakarerekētanga etherification ki epoxy kapia me te muka alkali. He iti te mahi tauhohenga whakaeera ki te 80°C. Ko te 28% anake te reeti grafting o Cel, a, kua tata whakaruatia te mahi etherification ki te 110°C. Ki te whakaaro ki nga tikanga tauhohenga penei i te whakarewa, he 100 te pāmahana tauhohenga°C, a ko te wa tauhohenga ko te 2.5h, a ko te reeti grafting o Cel ka tae ki te 41%. I tua atu, i te waahi tuatahi o te tauhohenga etherification (<1.0h), na te rerekee o te tauhohenga i waenga i te cellulose alkali me te kapia epoxy, he iti te reeti grafting. Na te pikinga o te tohu whakaeatanga Cel, ka huri haere ki te tauhohenga riterite, na te tauhohenga Ka kaha te piki o te mahi, ka piki ake te reeti grafting.

2.4 Te hononga i waenga i te reiti grafting Cel me te wairewa

Kua whakaatuhia e nga whakamatautau i muri i te hono i te kapia epoxy me te cellulose alkali, ka taea te whakapai ake i nga ahuatanga o te tinana penei i te pokey hua, te piri, te aukati wai, me te pumau o te waiariki. Te whakamatautau whakamaaramatanga Ko te hua ki te reeti grafting Cel <40% ka taea te rewa i roto i te waipiro-ester iti, te kapia alkyd, te kapia waikawa polyacrylic, te waikawa pimaric kiriaku me etahi atu kapia. Ko te kapia Cel-Ep he tino kaha te whakarewatanga.

Whakakotahitia me te whakamatautau kiriata paninga, ko nga whakakotahitanga me te reeti grafting o 32% ~ 42% te tikanga he pai ake te hototahitanga, a ko nga whakakotahitanga me te reiti grafting o <30% he ngoikore te hototahi me te iti o te kanapa o te kiriata paninga; he teitei ake i te 42% te reeti grafting, ka whakahekehia te aukati wai kohua, te aukati waipiro, me te parenga whakarewa pararopi polar o te kiriata paninga. Hei whakapai ake i te hototahi rawa me te mahi whakakikorua, i tapirihia e te kaituhi te CAB e ai ki te tauira i te Ripanga 1 ki te whakarewa ake me te whakarereke ki te whakatairanga i te noho tahi o Cel-Ep me CAB. Ko te ranunga he punaha riterite tata. Ko te matotoru o te atanga o te whakakotahitanga he tino kikokore me te ngana kia noho i roto i te ahua o nga pūtau nano.

2.5 Te hononga i waenga i a Cel—Ep/CAB ōwehenga whakakotahitanga me ngā āhuatanga ōkiko

Ma te whakamahi i te Cel-Ep ki te whakakotahi ki te CAB, ko nga hua whakamatautau whakakikorua e whakaatu ana ka taea e te cellulose acetate te whakapai ake i nga taonga whakakikorua o te rauemi, ina koa te tere whakamaroke. Ko te waahanga parakore o Cel-Ep he uaua ki te whakamaroke i te pāmahana rūma. Whai muri i te taapiri CAB, he tino pai te mahi a nga rawa e rua.

2.6 FTIR hihinga rapunga

3. Whakamutunga

(1) Ka pupuhi te miro cellulose ki te 80°C ki> 18% alkali kukū me te raupapa o tāpiritanga, whakanui i te pāmahana tauhohenga, roa te wa tauhohenga, whakanui i te tohu o te huamo me te paheketanga tae noa ki te tino hydrolyzed.

(2) Tauhohenga Etherification, te Cel-Ep molar whāngai ōwehenga ko 2, te pāmahana tauhohenga ko 100°C, te wa ko 5h, te inenga whakakōkī ko 1%, a ka taea e te reiti grafting etherification tae 32% ~ 42%.

(3) Ko te whakarereketanga o te whakakotahitanga, i te wa o te tauwehenga molar o Cel-Ep: CAB = 3: 2, he pai te mahi o te hua whakahiato, engari kaore e taea te whakamahi i te Cel-Ep parakore hei paninga, hei taapiri anake.