Cellulose Ether i roto i te Ahumahi Pepa

Ko tenei pepa e whakaatu ana i nga momo, nga tikanga whakarite, nga ahuatanga o te mahi me te mana tono o te cellulose ethers i roto i te ahumahi hanga pepa, ka whakatakoto i etahi momo hou o te cellulose ethers me nga tumanakohanga whanaketanga, me te matapaki i to raatau tono me te ahua whanaketanga i roto i te mahi pepa.

kupu matua:cellulose ether; mahi; ahumahi pepa

Ko te Cellulose he pūhui polymer māori, ko tōna hanganga matū he macromolecule polysaccharide me te waikoreβ-glucose hei mowhiti turanga, me ia mowhiti turanga he roopu hydroxyl tuatahi me tetahi roopu hydroxyl tuarua. Na roto i tana whakarereketanga matū, ka taea te whiwhi i te raupapa o nga kohinga cellulose. Ko te tikanga whakarite o te cellulose ether ko te tauhohe i te cellulose me te NaOH, katahi ka whakahaere i te tauhohenga whakaetere me nga momo tauhohenga mahi penei i te methyl chloride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, me etahi atu, katahi ka horoi i te tote-hua me etahi konutai cellulose kia whiwhi ai. te hua. Ko te Ether Cellulose tetahi o nga mea nui o te cellulose, ka taea te whakamahi whanui i roto i te rongoa me te akuaku, te ahumahi matū o ia ra, te hanga pepa, te kai, te rongoa, te hanga, nga rawa me etahi atu ahumahi. I nga tau kua pahure ake nei, he nui nga mahi rangahau a nga whenua ke, a he maha nga whakatutukitanga kua puta i roto i te rangahau taketake, te whakamahi i nga paanga mahi, me te whakarite. I nga tau tata nei, kua timata etahi tangata o Haina ki te whai waahi ki te rangahau mo tenei waahanga, a kua tutuki i te tuatahi etahi hua i roto i nga mahi whakangao. Na reira, ko te whakawhanaketanga me te whakamahi o te cellulose ether he mahi tino nui ki te whakamahi matawhānui o nga rauemi koiora hou me te whakapai ake i te kounga pepa me te mahi. He momo taapiri hanga pepa hou e tika ana kia whakawhanakehia.

1. Whakar

Ko te whakarōpūtanga o te cellulose ethers i te nuinga o te waa ka wehea ki nga waahanga 4 e ai ki te ionicity.

1.1 Nonionic Cellulose Etera

Ko te etera cellulose kore-katote ko te cellulose alkyl ether te nuinga, a ko tana tikanga whakarite ko te tauhohe i te cellulose ki te NaOH, katahi ka mahia te tauhohenga whakaetere me nga momo monomers mahi penei i te monochloromethane, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, me etahi atu, katahi ka whiwhi ma te horoi. ko te tote-hua me te konutai cellulose, ko te nuinga ko te methyl cellulose ether, te methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, te methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, te hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, te cyanoethyl Cellulose ether me te hydroxybutyl cellulose ether e whakamahia nuitia ana.

1.2 Anionic cellulose ether

Ko nga ethers cellulose anionic te nuinga o te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose me te konutai carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ko te tikanga whakarite ko te tauhohe i te cellulose ki te NaOH katahi ka kawe i te etera me te waikawa chloroacetic, te ethylene oxide me te propylene oxide. Tauhohenga matū, a ka whiwhi i te horoi i te tote-hua me te konutai cellulose.

1.3 Cationic Cellulose Etera

cationic Ko te nuinga o nga etera cellulose ko te 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride cellulose ether, he mea whakarite ma te tauhohe i te cellulose me te NaOH katahi ka tauhohe ki te cationic etherifying agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride he tauhohenga etherification ki te ethylene oxide me te propylene oxide. katahi ka riro ma te horoi i te tote me te konutai cellulose.

1.4 Zwitterionic Cellulose Etera

Ko te mekameka ngota o te zwitterionic cellulose ether he roopu anionic me nga roopu cationic. Ko tana tikanga whakarite ko te tauhohe i te cellulose me te NaOH katahi ka tauhohe ki te waikawa monochloroacetic me te kaihoko whakaetahi cationic 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethylammonium chloride kua whakakorikoria, katahi ka riro ma te horoi i te tote-hua me te konutai cellulose.

2. Mahinga me nga ahuatanga o te cellulose ether

2.1 Te hanga kiriata me te piri

He nui te awe o te etherification o te cellulose ether ki ona ahuatanga me ona ahuatanga, penei i te whakarewatanga, te kaha o te hanga kiriata, te kaha here me te aukati tote. Ko te Ether Cellulose he nui te kaha o te miihini, te ngawari, te wera wera me te aukati makariri, he pai te hototahi ki nga momo kapia me nga raima, ka taea te whakamahi ki te hanga kirihou, kiriata, waini, whakapiri, latex Me nga taonga whakakikorua tarukino, aha atu.

2.2 Wairewa

He pai te wairewa cellulose etera na te noho o nga roopu polyhydroxyl, a he rereke te whiriwhiri whakarewa mo nga whakarewa waro e ai ki nga momo whakakapinga. Ko te Methylcellulose he wairewa i roto i te wai matao, he kore e rewa i roto i te wai wera, he memeha ano hoki ki etahi whakarewa; Ko te methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose he wairewa i roto i te wai matao, karekau i roto i te wai wera me nga whakarewa pararopi. Heoi, ka whakamahana te wairewa wai o te methylcellulose me te methylhydroxyethylcellulose, ka heke te methylcellulose me te methylhydroxyethylcellulose. Ko te Methyl cellulose ka pupuhi i te 45-60°C, i te mea ka piki ake te pāmahana rerenga o te methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose whakauru ki te 65-80°C. Ka whakahekehia te pāmahana, ka rewa ano te para. Ko te Hydroxyethylcellulose me te konutai carboxymethylcellulose he wairewa i roto i te wai ahakoa te pāmahana me te kore e rewa i roto i nga whakarewa pararopi (me etahi ohanga). Ma te whakamahi i tenei rawa, ka taea te whakarite i nga momo whakangao hinu me nga taonga kiriata whakarewa.

2.3 Whakatoto

Ka rewa te ether cellulose ki te wai i roto i te ahua o te colloid, ko tona pokey e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tohu o te polymerization o te cellulose ether, kei roto i te otinga nga macromolecules hydrated. Na te weriweri o nga macromolecules, he rereke te rere o nga otinga ki tera o nga wai o Newtonian, engari ka whakaatu i te whanonga ka huri ki te kaha kutikuti. Na te hanganga macromolecular o te cellulose ether, ka tere te piki o te pokey o te otinga ki te piki o te kukū me te heke tere i te pikinga o te pāmahana. E ai ki ona ahuatanga, ka taea te whakamahi i nga eter cellulose penei i te carboxymethyl cellulose me te hydroxyethyl cellulose hei whakamaarama mo nga matū o ia ra, hei pupuri i te wai mo nga whakakikorua pepa, me nga kaitao mo nga paninga hoahoanga.

2.4 Te whakaheke

Ka rewa te cellulose ether i roto i te wahanga wai, ka tipu te huakita, ka puta te tipu o te huakita ki te hanga huakita enzyme. Ka wawahia e te enzyme nga hononga waeine anhydroglucose kaore i whakakapia ki te taha o te cellulose ether, ka whakaiti i te taumaha ngota ngota o te polymer. No reira, ki te rongoa te wairewa wai cellulose ether mo te wa roa, me taapiri atu nga rongoa ki a ia, a me tango etahi tikanga antiseptic ahakoa mo nga eter cellulose me nga taonga antibacterial.

3. Te tono o te cellulose ether i roto i te ahumahi pepa

3.1 He kaihoko whakakaha pepa

Hei tauira, ka taea te whakamahi CMC hei dispersant muka me te kaihoko whakakaha pepa, ka taea te tapiri ki te penupenu. I te mea he rite te utu o te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose ki te penupenu me nga matūriki whakakī, ka taea e ia te whakanui ake i te taurite o te muka. Ka taea te whakapai ake te hononga hononga i waenga i nga muka, ka taea te whakapai ake i nga tohu tinana penei i te kaha tensile, te kaha pakaru, me te rite o te pepa o te pepa. Hei tauira, ko Longzhu me etahi atu e whakamahi ana i te 100% bleached sulfite wood pulp, 20% talcum powder, 1% dispersed rosin glue, te whakatika i te uara pH ki te 4.5 me te konumohe sulfate, me te whakamahi CMC teitei ake (viscosity 800 ~ 1200MPA.S) Te tohu tohu. o te whakakapinga he 0.6. Ka kitea ka taea e CMC te whakapai ake i te kaha maroke o te pepa me te whakapai ake hoki i tana tohu rahi.

3.2 Kaitohu rahi mata

Ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose ka taea te whakamahi hei kaihoko rahi pepa hei whakapai ake i te kaha o te mata o te pepa. Ka taea e tana paanga tono te whakanui ake i te kaha o te mata ma te 10% ka whakatauritea ki te whakamahi o naianei o te waipiro polyvinyl me te kaihoko rahinga maaka whakarereke, a ka taea te whakaheke i te inenga ma te 30%. He kaihoko rahi te mata mo te hanga pepa, me kaha te whakawhanake i enei momo momo momo hou. He pai ake te hanga o te rahi o te mata o te etera cationic cellulose i te maaka cationic. Ka taea e kore anake te whakapai ake i te kaha o te mata o te pepa, engari ano hoki te whakapai ake i te mahi whakauru waituhi o te pepa me te whakanui ake i te paanga o te tae. He kaihoko whakarahi mata pai hoki. I whakamahia e Mo Lihuan me etahi atu te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose me te māngaro waikura hei whakahaere i nga whakamatautau rahinga mata ki runga pepa me te kaata. Ko nga hua e whakaatu ana he pai te ahua o te rahi o te mata o te CMC.

Ko te konutai Methyl carboxymethyl cellulose he mahi rahi, a ka taea te whakamahi te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose hei kaihoko rahi. I tua atu i tana ake tohu rahi, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te cationic cellulose ether hei Tatari awhina pupuri pepa, hei whakapai ake i te reiti pupuri o nga muka pai me nga whakakii, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei kaihoko whakakaha pepa.

3.3 Pūmau whakaehunga

Kei te whakamahia whānuitia te eter cellulose i roto i te whakarite whakaehunga na te mea he pai te whakakaha o te whakakao i roto i te wairewa wai, ka taea te whakanui ake i te pokey o te reo whakamararatanga whakaehunga me te aukati i te rerenga whakaehunga me te stratification. Pērā i te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, me etahi atu ka taea te whakamahi hei whakapumau me nga kaihoko tiaki mo te kapia rosin marara anionic, cationic cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, me etahi atu. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te ether, me etahi atu hei maataki whakamarumaru mo te kapia rosin disperse cationic, AKD, ASA me etahi atu kaihoko rahi. Longzhu et al. i whakamahia te 100% bleached sulfite wood pulp, 20% talcum powder, 1% dispersed rosin glue, adjusted the pH value to 4.5 with aluminum sulfate, and used higher viscosity CMC (viscosity 800~12000MPA.S). Ko te tohu whakakapinga he 0.6, ka whakamahia mo te rahinga o roto. Ka kitea mai i nga hua ka tino pai ake te tohu rahinga o te rapa rosin kei roto CMC, he pai te pumau o te whakaehunga rosin, he tiketike hoki te reiti pupuri o te rauemi rapa.

3.4 Te whakakikorua i te kaihoko pupuri wai

Ka whakamahia mo te whakakikorua me te tukatuka i te kaapiri whakakikorua pepa, te cyanoethyl cellulose, te hydroxyethyl cellulose, me etahi atu ka taea te whakakapi i te casein me te waahanga o te taherapa, kia ngawari ai te kuhu o te waituhi tuhi me te maamaa o nga taha. Ka taea te whakamahi Carboxymethyl cellulose me te hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether hei dispersant pigment, thickener, he kaihoko pupuri wai me te stabilizer. Hei tauira, ko te nui o te carboxymethyl cellulose e whakamahia ana hei kaihoko pupuri wai i roto i te whakarite i nga paninga pepa kapi he 1-2%.

4. Te Ia Whanaketanga o te Cellulose Ether i whakamahia i roto i te Ahumahi Pepa

Ko te whakamahinga o te whakarerekētanga matū ki te whiwhi i nga pärönaki cellulose me nga mahi motuhake he huarahi whai hua ki te rapu whakamahinga hou o te hua nui rawa atu o te ao o nga mea pararopi-taiao. He maha nga momo pärönaki cellulose me te whänuitanga o ngä mahi, ä, kua whakamahia ngä etera cellulose i roto i nga ahumahi maha na te pai o te mahi. Hei whakatutuki i nga hiahia o te umanga pepa, ko te whakawhanaketanga o te cellulose ether me aro ki nga ahuatanga e whai ake nei:

(1) Whakawhanakehia nga momo momo huanga o te cellulose ethers e tika ana mo nga tono ahumahi pepa, penei i nga hua raupapa me nga nekehanga rereke o te whakakapinga, rereke rereke, me nga papatipu ngota whanaunga rereke, hei whiriwhiri i roto i te hanga o nga momo pepa rereke.

(2) Ko te whakawhanaketanga o nga momo hou o te cellulose ethers me whakanui ake, penei i te cationic cellulose ethers e tika ana mo te pupuri i te pepa me nga awhina whakaheke wai, nga taputapu rahi o te mata, me nga zwitterionic cellulose ethers ka taea te whakamahi hei kaihoko whakakaha hei whakakapi i te paninga latex Cyanoethyl cellulose ether me nga mea pera hei here.

(3) Kia kaha te rangahau mo te whakaritenga o te cellulose ether me tana tikanga whakarite hou, ina koa te rangahau mo te whakaiti i te utu me te ngawari o te mahi.

(4) Whakakaha i te rangahau mo nga ahuatanga o te cellulose ethers, ina koa ko nga ahuatanga hanga kiriata, nga hononga honohono me nga mea whakakaha o nga momo momo momo momo momo momo cellulose, me te whakakaha hoki i nga rangahau ariā mo te whakamahinga o te cellulose ethers ki te hanga pepa.