1. Overview:
Cellulose ether bụ ngwakọta polymer eke, usoro kemịkalụ ya bụ polysaccharide macromolecule dabere na β-glucose anhydrous, yana otu isi hydroxyl otu na otu abụọ hydroxyl abụọ na mgbanaka ntọala ọ bụla. Site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ, enwere ike nweta usoro mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose, na ether cellulose bụ otu n'ime ha. Cellulose ether bụ a polymer compound na ether Ọdịdị mere nke cellulose, dị ka methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, wdg N'ozuzu, ọ nwere ike nweta site edinam nke alkali cellulose na monochloroalkane, ethylene oxide. , propylene oxide ma ọ bụ monochloroacetic acid.
2. Arụmọrụ na atụmatụ:
(1) Njirimara ọdịdị
Cellulose ether na-adịkarị ọcha ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha mmiri ara ehi, enweghị isi, adịghị egbu egbu, ntụ ntụ fibrous mmiri, ọ dị mfe ịmịkọrọ mmiri, ma gbazee n'ime colloid kwụsiri ike nke ọma na mmiri.
(2) Nhazi ihe nkiri na adhesion
Etherification nke cellulose ether nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na njirimara ya na arụmọrụ ya, dị ka solubility, ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri, ike nkekọ na nguzogide nnu. Cellulose ether nwere nnukwu ígwè ọrụ ike, mgbanwe, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide na oyi na-eguzogide, ma nwee ezigbo ndakọrịta dị iche iche resins na plasticizers, na a pụrụ iji mee plastik, ihe nkiri, varnishes, adhesives, latex na ọgwụ mkpuchi ihe, wdg.
(3) Ngwọta
Methylcellulose bụ soluble na mmiri oyi, a naghị amị mkpụrụ na mmiri ọkụ, yana soluble na ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze organic; methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ soluble na mmiri oyi, a na-apụghị soluble na mmiri ọkụ na organic solvents. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ngwọta mmiri nke methylcellulose na methylhydroxyethylcellulose na-ekpo ọkụ, methylcellulose na methylhydroxyethylcellulose ga-ebuli. Methylcellulose na-asọpụta na 45-60 Celsius C, ebe okpomọkụ mmiri ozuzo nke methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose agwakọtara na-abawanye ruo 65-80 Celsius. Mgbe ewedara okpomoku ahụ, mkpọda ahụ na-agbaze. Hydroxyethyl cellulose na sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ soluble n'ime mmiri ọ bụla okpomọkụ na insoluble ke organic solvents.
(4) ịgbara
Cellulose ether na-agbaze na mmiri n'ụdị colloidal, na viscosity ya dabere na ogo polymerization nke cellulose ether. Ihe ngwọta nwere macromolecules hydrated. N'ihi ntinye nke macromolecules, omume na-asọpụta nke ngwọta dị iche na nke mmiri Newtonian, ma na-egosipụta omume nke na-agbanwe na mgbanwe na ike ịkwa akwa. N'ihi usoro macromolecular nke cellulose ether, viscosity nke ngwọta na-abawanye ngwa ngwa na mmụba nke itinye uche ma na-ebelata ngwa ngwa na mmụba nke okpomọkụ.
Ngwa
(1) Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ụgbọala
A na-ejikarị sodium carboxymethyl cellulose eme ihe na mmịpụta mmanụ, a na-ejikwa ya na-emepụta apịtị iji mee ka viscosity dịkwuo elu ma belata ọnwụ mmiri. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide mmetọ nnu soluble dị iche iche ma nwekwuo mgbake mmanụ. Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (NaCMHPC) na sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (NaCMHEC) bụ ezigbo mkpọpu apịtị ọgwụgwọ elekọta mmadụ na ihe maka nkwadebe mmecha mmiri mmiri, na elu slurrying ọnụego na nnu-eguzogide, Ezi mgbochi calcium arụmọrụ, ezi viscosity-amụba ikike, okpomọkụ iguzogide. (160 ℃) ihe onwunwe. Ọ dị mma maka ịkwadebe mmiri mmiri maka mmiri ọhụrụ, mmiri mmiri na mmiri nnu jupụtara. Enwere ike ịhazi ya n'ime mmiri na-egwupụta ihe dị iche iche (103-127g / cm3) n'okpuru ịdị arọ nke calcium chloride, ọ nwekwara ụfọdụ viscosity na obere mmiri mmiri na-efunahụ ya, ike ya na-abawanye ike na nkwụsị nke mmiri na-ebelata ikike dị mma karịa hydroxyethyl cellulose. , na ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye dị mma maka ịba ụba mmanụ.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose bụ ihe mmepụta cellulose nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na usoro mmịpụta mmanụ. A na-eji ya na mmiri na-egwupụta mmiri, mmiri simenti, mmiri na-agbaji ma na-eme ka mgbake mmanụ dịkwuo mma, karịsịa na mmiri mmiri. Ọ na-arụkarị ọrụ nke ibelata mfu mmiri na ịba ụba viscosity. A na-eji hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka apịtị na-eme ka ọ dị nro na-eme ka ọ dị jụụ na nhazi nke ịkụ ala, mmecha nke ọma na ciment. N'iji ya tụnyere sodium carboxymethyl cellulose na guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose nwere mmetụta dị mma na-eme ka ọ dị arọ, nkwusioru ájá siri ike, ikike nnu dị elu, ezigbo okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, obere nguzogide ngwakọta, obere mmiri mmiri na-agbaji, na nkwụsị gel. Mgbochi, obere ihe fọdụrụ na njirimara ndị ọzọ, ejirila ọtụtụ ebe.
(2) Ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ na agba
Enwere ike iji sodium carboxymethyl cellulose mee ihe dị ka onye na-azụ azụ, onye na-ejigide mmiri, onye na-ekpuchi mmiri na ihe nkedo maka ịmepụta masonry na plasta mortar admixtures, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe dị ka plasta, ngwa agha na ihe nhazi ala maka isi gypsum na isi ciment A na-eji ya dị ka onye na-ekesa, mmiri. na-ejigide gị n'ụlọnga na thickener. A pụrụ iche masonry na plasta ngwa agha admixture mere nke carboxymethyl cellulose, nke nwere ike melite workability, mmiri njigide na mgbape mgbape nke ngwa agha, na-ezere cracking na voids na ngọngọ mgbidi. drum. Ihe ịchọ mma n'elu ụlọ Cao Mingqian na ndị ọzọ mere ihe ịchọ mma ụlọ mma na gburugburu ebe obibi sitere na methyl cellulose. Usoro mmepụta dị mfe ma dị ọcha. Enwere ike iji ya maka mgbidi dị elu na mgbidi nkume, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe ịchọ mma nke ogidi na ihe ncheta.
(3) Ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị
The stabilizing viscosifier sodium carboxymethyl cellulose arụ ọrụ nke dispersion na nkwusioru stabilization na mado ngwaahịa nke siri ike ntụ ntụ raw material, na-arụ ọrụ nke ndim, dispersing na homogenizing na mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ emulsion ịchọ mma. Enwere ike iji dị ka stabilizer na tackifier. A na-eji emulsion stabilizers eme ihe dị ka emulsifiers, thickeners na stabilizers maka ointments na shampoos.Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl celluloseenwere ike iji ya mee ihe dị ka stabilizer maka nrapado eze. Ọ nwere ezigbo thixotropic Njirimara, nke na-eme ka ntacha eze dị mma na nhazi, nchekwa ogologo oge na-enweghị nrụrụ, na edo na uto siri ike. Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose nwere nnukwu nguzogide nnu na nguzogide acid, mmetụta ya dịkwa elu karịa nke carboxymethyl cellulose. Enwere ike iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe nchacha na ihe mgbochi ntụpọ. Dispersion thickener na mmepụta nke detergents, sodium carboxymethylcellulose na-ejikarị dị ka a unyi dispersant maka ịsa ntụ ntụ, a thickener na a dispersant maka mmiri mmiri ncha.
(4) Ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ na nri
Na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ, hydroxypropyl carboxymethylcellulose (HPMC) nwere ike iji dị ka a ọgwụ excipient, ọtụtụ ebe na-eji ọnụ ọgwụ matrix na-achịkwa ntọhapụ na nọgidere ntọhapụ nkwadebe, dị ka ntọhapụ retarding ihe na-achịkwa ntọhapụ nke ọgwụ ọjọọ, dị ka mkpuchi ihe na-egbu oge Ntọhapụ. usoro, pellet ndị a gbatịrị agbatị, capsules agbatị-ahapụ. Ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ methyl carboxymethyl cellulose na ethyl carboxymethyl cellulose, dị ka MC, bụ ndị a na-ejikarị eme mbadamba nkume na capsules, ma ọ bụ na-ekpuchi mbadamba nkume ndị nwere shuga. Enwere ike iji cellulose ethers dị elu mee ihe na ụlọ ọrụ nri, ma bụrụ ndị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ dị irè, ndị na-edozi ahụ, ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, ndị na-ejide mmiri na ndị na-emepụta ụfụfụ na nri dị iche iche. Achọpụtala Methyl cellulose na hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose dị ka ihe na-adịghị emerụ ahụ nke anụ ahụ na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ịdị ọcha dị elu (n'elu 99.5%) carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) na nri, dị ka mmiri ara ehi na ngwaahịa ude, condiments, jams, jelii, nri mkpọ, sirop table na ihe ọṅụṅụ. Enwere ike iji Carboxymethyl cellulose nwere ịdị ọcha karịa 90% n'ihe metụtara nri, dị ka ibugharị na nchekwa mkpụrụ osisi ọhụrụ. Ụdị ihe mkpuchi rọba a nwere uru dị na mmetụta dị mma na-echekwa, obere mmetọ, enweghị mmebi, yana mmepụta ígwè ọrụ dị mfe.
(5) Ngwa anya na eletrik arụ ọrụ
Electrolyte ndim stabilizer nwere nnukwu ịdị ọcha nke cellulose ether, ezigbo acid resistance na nnu-eguzogide, karịsịa obere ígwè na arọ metal ọdịnaya, otú colloid bụ nnọọ ike, adabara alkaline batrị, zinc-manganese batrị Electrolyte ndim stabilizer. Ọtụtụ cellulose ethers na-egosipụta kristal mmiri mmiri thermotropic. Hydroxypropyl cellulose acetate na-etolite kristal mmiri mmiri thermotropic cholesteric n'okpuru 164°C.
Oge nzipu: Jan-12-2023