Kedu ihe eji eme hydrocolloid?

Hydrocolloids na-abụkarị nke ụmụ irighiri akwara ogologo nwere akụkụ hydrophilic (mmiri na-adọta) ma nwee ike ịnwe mpaghara hydrophobic (mmiri na-egbochi mmiri). Enwere ike nweta mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a site na isi mmalite dị iche iche sitere n'okike ma ọ bụ nke sịntetik ma nwee ike ịmepụta gels ma ọ bụ viscous dispersions mgbe a gbasasịrị na mmiri ma ọ bụ ngwọta mmiri.

Nke a bụ ụfọdụ ụdị hydrocolloids na ebe ha si enweta:

1. Polysaccharides:
   • Agar: sitere na ahihia oke osimiri, agar nwere isi nke agarose na agaropectin, nke bu polysaccharides nke mejuputara nkeji nke galactose ugboro ugboro na shuga galactose meghariri.
   • Alginate: E nwetara site na algae agba aja aja, alginate bụ polysaccharide nke mejuputara mannuronic acid na guluronic acid nkeji, ahaziri n'usoro ọzọ.
   • Pectin: A chọtara na mgbidi mkpụrụ osisi, pectin bụ polysaccharide dị mgbagwoju anya nke mejupụtara galacturonic acid nkeji nwere ogo methylation dị iche iche.
2. Protein:
   • Gelatin: Nke sitere na collagen, gelatin bụ proteinaceous hydrocolloid nke mejupụtara amino acid, nke kachasị glycine, proline, na hydroxyproline.
   • Casein: Achọpụtara na mmiri ara ehi, casein bụ otu phosphoproteins nke na-etolite hydrocolloids na ọnụnọ calcium ion n'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic.
3. Polymer sịntetik:
   • Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC): Otu polymer semi-synthetic ewepụtara na cellulose, HPMC na-agbanwe kemịkalụ iji webata hydroxypropyl na methyl otu n'ime ọkpụkpụ azụ cellulose.
   • Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC): A na-enwetakwa site na cellulose, CMC na-enweta carboxymethylation iji webata otu carboxymethyl na usoro cellulose.

Ndị hydrocolloids ndị a nwere usoro kemịkalụ akọwapụtara na otu ọrụ na-enyere ha aka ịmekọrịta na ụmụ irighiri mmiri site na njikọta hydrogen, mmekọrịta electrostatic, na ike hydration. N'ihi ya, ha na-egosipụta ihe pụrụ iche rheological, dị ka viscosity, gelation, na ike imepụta ihe nkiri, nke na-eme ka ha bụrụ ihe bara uru na ngwa ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, gụnyere nri, ọgwụ, ihe ịchọ mma, na textiles.