Thickerer bụ ihe mgbakwunye mmiri a na-ejikarị na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mkpuchi mmiri. Mgbe ị gbakwụnye ihe mkpuchi, ọ nwere ike ime ka viscosity nke usoro mkpuchi ahụ dịkwuo elu, si otú a na-egbochi ihe ndị dị ntakịrị na mkpuchi ahụ na-edozi. A gaghị enwe ihe na-ada ụda n'ihi viscosity nke agba dị oke mkpa. E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke thickener ngwaahịa, na ụdị dị iche iche nke ngwaahịa nwere dị iche iche ndim ụkpụrụ maka dị iche iche usoro nke mkpuchi. E nwere ihe dị ka ụdị ihe anọ na-emekarị: polyurethane thickeners, acrylic thickeners, inorganic thickeners na thickeners maka cellulose thickeners.
1. Thickening usoro nke associative polyurethane thickener
Njirimara nhazi nke polyurethane associative thickeners bụ lipophilic, hydrophilic na lipophilic tri-block polymers, na njedebe lipophilic na nsọtụ abụọ ahụ, na-abụkarị ìgwè hydrocarbon aliphatic, na akụkụ polyethylene glycol na-agbaze mmiri n'etiti. Ọ bụrụhaala na enwere oke nke thickener na sistemụ, usoro ahụ ga-etolite usoro netwọkụ zuru oke.
N'ime usoro mmiri, mgbe ntinye nke thickener dị ukwuu karịa ihe mgbagwoju anya nke micelles, ndị otu njedebe lipophilic na-ejikọta na-emepụta micelles, na thickener na-emepụta usoro netwọk site na njikọ nke micelles iji mee ka viscosity nke usoro ahụ dịkwuo elu.
N'ime usoro latex, thickener nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ịmepụta njikọ site na lipophilic terminal micelles, ma nke ka mkpa, a na-eme ka lipophilic ọnụ ọnụ nke thickener na-adaba n'elu akụkụ nke latex. Mgbe a na-etinye akụkụ abụọ nke njedebe lipophilic na akụkụ latex dị iche iche, ụmụ irighiri ihe na-eme ka ọ dị n'etiti akụkụ ahụ.
2. Thickening usoro nke polyacrylic acid alkali ọzịza thickener
Polyacrylic acid alkali ọzịza thickener bụ cross-njikọ copolymer emulsion, na copolymer dị n'ụdị acid na nnọọ obere ahụ, ọdịdị bụ milky ọcha, na viscosity dịtụ ala, na ọ nwere ezi nkwụsi ike na ala pH mmekọahụ, na insoluble. n'ime mmiri. Mgbe alkaline gị n'ụlọnga na-agbakwunyere, ọ na-agbanwe ghọọ a doro anya na ukwuu swellable mgbasa.
A na-emepụta mmetụta dị nro nke polyacrylic acid alkali ọzịza thickener site na iwepu otu carboxylic acid na hydroxide; mgbe a na-agbakwunye onye na-ahụ maka alkali, otu carboxylic acid nke na-adịghị mfe ionized na-agbanwe ozugbo n'ime ammonium carboxylate ionized ma ọ bụ metal N'ụdị nnu, a na-emepụta mmetụta na-asọ oyi electrostatic n'akụkụ anion center nke copolymer macromolecular yinye, nke mere na obe. -linked copolymer macromolecular yinye na-agbasa ma na-agbatị ngwa ngwa. N'ihi mgbasa nke mpaghara na ọzịza, a na-amụba ihe mbụ ahụ ọtụtụ ugboro na viscosity na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ike ịgbaze njikọ njikọ, copolymer dị n'ụdị nnu nwere ike were dị ka mgbasa nke copolymer nke akụkụ ya na-abawanye nke ukwuu.
Polyacrylic acid thickeners na-enwe mmetụta dị mma nke na-agbapụta, na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa, na nkwụsi ike dị ndụ, ma ha na-enwe mmetụta maka pH, mmiri na-adịghị mma, na obere gloss.
3. Thicking usoro nke inorganic thickeners
Inorganic thickeners tumadi na-agụnye gbanwetụrụ bentonite, attapulgite, wdg Inorganic thickeners nwere uru nke siri ike ndim, ezi thixotropy, mbara pH nso, na ezi kwụsie ike. Otú ọ dị, ebe ọ bụ na bentonite bụ ntụ ntụ inorganic nke nwere ezigbo ọkụ ọkụ, ọ nwere ike belata gloss elu nke ihe nkiri mkpuchi ma mee dị ka onye na-ahụ maka matting. Ya mere, mgbe ị na-eji bentonite na agba latex na-egbuke egbuke, ekwesịrị ịṅa ntị na ịchịkwa usoro onunu ogwu. Nanotechnology aghọtala nanoscale nke inorganic irighiri ihe, ma nyekwara inorganic thickeners ụfọdụ ọhụrụ Njirimara.
Usoro ndina nke inorganic thickeners bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya. A na-ekwenyekarị na ọgbaghara dị n'etiti ụgwọ dị n'ime ya na-abawanye viscosity nke agba. N'ihi ọkwa ya na-adịghị mma, ọ na-emetụta gloss na nghọta nke ihe nkiri agba. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka Primer ma ọ bụ akwa ụlọ arụ ọrụ.
4. Usoro siri ike nke cellulose thickener
Cellulose thickeners nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmepe na a na-ejikarị thickeners. Dị ka usoro ha si dị, a na-ekewa ha na hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, wdg, nke a na-ejikarị hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC).
The ndim usoro nke cellulose thickener bụ tumadi iji hydrophobic isi yinye na ya Ọdịdị na-etolite hydrogen agbụ na mmiri, na n'otu oge ahụ na-emekọ ihe ndị ọzọ pola iche iche na ya Ọdịdị na-ewu a atọ akụkụ netwọk Ọdịdị na dịkwuo rheological olu. nke polymer. , machibido ohere ijegharị n'efu nke polymer, si otú ahụ na-abawanye viscosity nke mkpuchi. Mgbe a na-etinye ike ịkwa ahụ, a na-ebibi usoro netwọk nke akụkụ atọ, njikọ hydrogen dị n'etiti ụmụ irighiri ihe na-apụ n'anya, na viscosity na-ebelata. Mgbe a na-ewepụ ike ịkwa ahụ, a na-emezi njikọ nke hydrogen, na-emezigharị usoro netwọk nke akụkụ atọ, si otú ahụ hụ na mkpuchi ahụ nwere ike inwe ezigbo ihe. Njirimara rheological.
Cellulosic thickeners bara ọgaranya na hydroxyl otu na hydrophobic akụkụ na ha nhazi. Ha nwere arụmọrụ dị elu na enweghị mmetụta na pH. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi nguzogide mmiri ha na-adịghị mma ma na-emetụta ọkwa nke ihe nkiri agba, ha dị mfe N'ihi mmebi microbial na adịghị ike ndị ọzọ, a na-ejikarị cellulose thickeners eme ihe maka ịgbatị agba latex.
N'ime usoro nkwadebe mkpuchi, nhọrọ nke thickener kwesịrị ịtụle ọtụtụ ihe, dị ka ndakọrịta na sistemụ, viscosity, nkwụsi ike nchekwa, arụmọrụ ihe owuwu, ọnụ ahịa na ihe ndị ọzọ. Enwere ike ịgbakọta ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ ma jiri ya nye egwuregwu zuru oke maka uru nke ọ bụla thickener, ma na-achịkwa ọnụ ahịa n'ụzọ ziri ezi n'okpuru ọnọdụ arụmọrụ na-eju afọ.
Oge nzipu: Mar-02-2023