Nkọwa:Cellulose ether bụ ihe mgbakwunye bụ isi na ngwa agha agwakọtara agwakọta. A na-ewebata ụdị na njirimara nhazi nke cellulose ether, a na-ahọrọ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) dị ka ihe mgbakwunye iji nyochaa n'usoro na-emetụta mmetụta dị iche iche nke ngwa agha. . Nnyocha egosiwo na: HPMC nwere ike melite njide mmiri nke ngwa agha, ma nwee mmetụta nke ibelata mmiri. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwekwara ike ibelata njupụta nke ngwakọta ngwa agha, gbatịa oge nhazi nke ngwa agha, ma belata ike mgbanwe na mkpakọ nke ngwa agha.
Isi okwu:ngwa ngwa agwakọta agwakọta; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC); arụmọrụ
0.Okwu mmalite
Mortar bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Site na mmepe nke sayensị ihe onwunwe na mmelite nke ihe ndị mmadụ chọrọ maka ịrụ ụlọ, ngwa agha ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ malite ịzụ ahịa dị ka nkwalite na mmepe nke kọmpụta dị njikere. E jiri ya tụnyere ngwa agha nke teknụzụ ọdịnala kwadebere, ngwa agha a na-emepụta n'ahịa nwere ọtụtụ uru doro anya: (a) ogo ngwaahịa dị elu; (b) nrụpụta nrụpụta dị elu; (c) mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi pere mpe yana adabara maka owuwu mepere emepe. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing na obodo ndị ọzọ dị na China akwalitela ngwa agha agwakọta ngwa ngwa, ma enyela ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ dị mkpa na ụkpụrụ mba ma ọ bụ nye ya ngwa ngwa.
Site n'echiche nke ihe mejupụtara, nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na ngwa ngwa ọdịnala bụ mgbakwunye kemịkalụ admixtures, nke cellulose ether bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe. A na-ejikarị cellulose ether eme ihe dị ka ihe na-ejigide mmiri. Ebumnuche bụ ịkwalite arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha agwakọtara agwakọta. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cellulose ether dị ntakịrị, ma ọ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye bụ isi nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ owuwu nke ngwa agha ahụ. Ya mere, ịghọtakwu mmetụta nke ụdị na njirimara nhazi nke cellulose ether na-arụ ọrụ nke ciment mortar ga-enyere aka ịhọrọ ma jiri cellulose ether mee ihe n'ụzọ ziri ezi ma hụ na arụ ọrụ siri ike nke ngwa agha.
1. Ụdị na njirimara nhazi nke cellulose ethers
Cellulose ether bụ ihe polymer soluble mmiri, nke a na-esi na cellulose eke eme ihe site na mgbasa nke alkali, mmeghachi omume grafting (etherification), ịsacha, ihicha, egweri na usoro ndị ọzọ. E kewara cellulose ethers na ionic na nonionic, na ionic cellulose nwere carboxymethyl cellulose nnu. Nonionic cellulose gụnyere hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether na ndị ọzọ. N'ihi na ionic cellulose ether (carboxymethyl cellulose nnu) bụ ejighị n'aka na ọnụnọ nke calcium ion, ọ na-adịkarịghị eji na akọrọ ntụ ntụ ngwaahịa na ciment, slaked wayo na ndị ọzọ simenti ihe. The cellulose ethers eji na akọrọ ntụ ntụ ngwa agha bụ tumadi hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) na hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC), nke na-aza ihe karịrị 90% nke ahịa òkè.
A na-emepụta HPMC site na mmeghachi omume etherification nke cellulose alkali activation treatment with etherification agent methyl chloride na propylene oxide. Na mmeghachi omume etherification, otu hydroxyl na cellulose molecule nọchiri anya methoxy) na hydroxypropyl iji mepụta HPMC. Enwere ike igosipụta ọnụọgụ nke otu hydroxyl nọchiri anya na molekul cellulose site na ogo etherification (nke a na-akpọkwa ogo nnọchi). The ether nke HPMC Ogo nke mgbanwe kemịkalụ dị n'etiti 12 na 15. Ya mere, e nwere otu dị mkpa dị ka hydroxyl (-OH), ether bond (-o-) na anhydroglucose mgbanaka na HPMC Ọdịdị, na ndị otu a nwere ụfọdụ. mmetụta na arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha .
2. Mmetụta nke cellulose ether na ihe onwunwe nke ciment mortar
2.1 Ngwa ngwa maka ule
Cellulose ether: mepụtara Luzhou Hercules Tianpu Chemical Co., Ltd., viscosity: 75000;
Simenti: Conch ika 32.5 ọkwa simenti mejupụtara; ájá: ọkara aja; ofufe ash: ọkwa II.
2.2 Nsonaazụ ule
2.2.1 Mmetụta na-ebelata mmiri nke cellulose ether
Site na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nkwekọ nke ngwa agha na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether n'okpuru otu ngwakọta ngwakọta, a pụrụ ịhụ na nkwekọ nke ngwa agha na-abawanye nwayọọ nwayọọ na mmụba nke ọdịnaya cellulose ether. Mgbe usoro onunu ogwu bụ 0.3 ‰, nkwụsi ike nke ngwa agha ahụ dị ihe dị ka 50% dị elu karịa nke ahụ na-enweghị ịgwakọta, nke na-egosi na ether cellulose nwere ike imeziwanye ọrụ nke ngwa agha ahụ. Ka ọnụ ọgụgụ cellulose ether na-abawanye, oriri mmiri nwere ike iji nwayọọ nwayọọ belata. Enwere ike iche na cellulose ether nwere ụfọdụ mmetụta na-ebelata mmiri.
2.2.2 Njide mmiri
Njide mmiri nke ngwa agha na-ezo aka n'ikike nke ngwa agha iji jide mmiri, ọ bụkwa ihe ngosi arụmọrụ iji tụọ nkwụsi ike nke ihe dị n'ime nke ngwa ciment ọhụrụ n'oge njem na ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala. Enwere ike tụọ njide mmiri ahụ site na ihe ngosi abụọ: ogo nke stratification na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmiri, ma n'ihi mgbakwunye nke onye na-ejigide mmiri, a na-eme ka njigide mmiri nke ngwa ngwa agwakọta dị njikere nke ọma, na ogo nke stratification adịghị enwe mmetụta zuru oke. iji gosipụta ọdịiche ahụ. Nnwale njide mmiri bụ ịgbakọ ọnụego njide mmiri site na ịlele mgbanwe mgbanwe nke akwụkwọ nzacha tupu na mgbe emechara akwụkwọ nzacha na mpaghara ngwa agha akọwapụtara n'ime oge ụfọdụ. N'ihi ntinye mmiri dị mma nke akwụkwọ nzacha, ọ bụrụgodị na njide mmiri nke ngwa ngwa dị elu, akwụkwọ nzacha ahụ ka nwere ike ịmịnye mmiri na ngwa ngwa, ya mere. Ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nwere ike igosi n'ụzọ ziri ezi na njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ, nke dị elu nke njide mmiri, ka mma na-ejigide mmiri.
Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ teknụzụ iji meziwanye njide mmiri nke ngwa agha, mana ịgbakwunye ether cellulose bụ ụzọ kachasị dị irè. Ọdịdị nke cellulose ether nwere hydroxyl na ether bond. Atọm oxygen dị na otu ndị a na-ejikọta ya na ụmụ irighiri mmiri iji mepụta njikọ nke hydrogen. Mee ka ụmụ irighiri mmiri dị n'efu ka ọ bụrụ mmiri a kpara akpa, ka ọ wee rụọ ọrụ dị mma na njide mmiri. Site na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mmiri na-ejide mmiri nke ụrọ na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, a pụrụ ịhụ na n'ime ihe dị iche iche nke ule nyocha, mmiri na-ejide mmiri nke mmiri na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether na-egosi mmekọrịta dị mma. Ka ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether dị elu, ka ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri na-abawanye. .
2.2.3 Njupụta nke ngwa agha ngwakọta
Enwere ike ịhụ site na mgbanwe iwu nke njupụta nke ngwa agha ngwakọta na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether na njupụta nke ngwa agha ngwakọta ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, na mmiri njupụta nke ngwa agha mgbe ọdịnaya. bụ 0.3‰o Mbelata ihe dịka 17% (ma e jiri ya tụnyere enweghị ngwakọta). Enwere ihe abụọ kpatara mbelata nke njupụta ngwa agha: otu bụ mmetụta ikuku nke cellulose ether. Ether cellulose nwere otu alkyl, nke nwere ike ibelata ike elu nke ngwọta mmiri, ma nwee mmetụta na-eme ka ikuku dị na ciment ciment, na-eme ka ikuku nke ngwa ngwa na-abawanye, na ike nke ihe nkiri afụ dịkwa elu karịa nke ahụ. nke mmiri dị ọcha na-egosipụta, ma ọ dịghị mfe ịgbapụ; N'aka nke ọzọ, cellulose ether na-agbasawanye mgbe ọ na-amịkọrọ mmiri ma na-etinye otu olu, nke ya na ụba pores dị n'ime nke ngwa agha ahụ, n'ihi ya, ọ na-eme ka ngwa agha gwakọta Density drops.
Mmetụta ikuku nke cellulose ether na-eme ka arụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha dịkwuo mma n'otu aka ahụ, na n'aka nke ọzọ, n'ihi mmụba nke ikuku, a na-atọpụ ihe nhazi nke ahụ siri ike, na-akpata mmetụta ọjọọ nke ibelata. na n'ibu Njirimara dị ka ike.
2.2.4 oge coagulation
Site na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nhazi oge nke ngwa agha na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ether, a pụrụ ịhụ nke ọma na cellulose ether nwere mmetụta nkwụsịtụ na ngwa agha. Ka usoro onunu ogwu buru ibu, ka mmetụta retarding na-apụtawanye ìhè.
Mmetụta azụ azụ nke cellulose ether nwere njikọ chiri anya na njirimara nhazi ya. Cellulose ether na-ejigide ihe ndabere nke cellulose, ya bụ, usoro mgbanaka anhydroglucose ka dị na nhazi nke cellulose ether, na mgbanaka anhydroglucose bụ ihe kpatara isi otu ciment retarding, nke nwere ike ịmepụta sugar-calcium molecular. ogige (ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju) na calcium ion na ciment hydration aqueous ngwọta, nke na-ebelata calcium ion itinye uche na ciment hydration induction oge na-egbochi Ca (OH): Na calcium nnu crystal guzobe, ọdịda, na-egbu oge usoro nke ciment hydration.
2.2.5 Ike
Site na mmetụta nke cellulose ether na ike mgbanwe na mkpakọ nke ngwa agha, a pụrụ ịhụ na site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, ụbọchị 7 na ụbọchị 28 na-agbanwe agbanwe na ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha niile na-egosi ọganihu dị ala.
Enwere ike ikwu na ihe kpatara mbelata nke ngwa ngwa ike nwere ike ịpụta na mmụba nke ikuku ikuku, nke na-eme ka porosity nke ngwa agha siri ike na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ime nke anụ ahụ siri ike tọpụ. Site na nyocha nyocha nke njupụta mmiri na ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha, enwere ike ịhụ na enwere mmekọrịta dị mma n'etiti abụọ ahụ, njupụta mmiri dị ala, ike dị ala, na nke ọzọ, ike dị elu. Huang Liangen ji njikọ njikọ dị n'etiti porosity na ike arụ ọrụ nke Ryskewith weputara iji wepụta njikọ dị n'etiti ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha agwakọta na cellulose ether na ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether.
3. Nkwubi okwu
(1) Cellulose ether bụ ihe sitere na cellulose, nwere hydroxyl,
Ether agbụ, mgbanaka anhydroglucose na otu ndị ọzọ, otu ndị a na-emetụta anụ ahụ na akụrụngwa nke ngwa agha.
(2) HPMC nwere ike melite njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha, mee ka oge nhazi ngwa ngwa dịkwuo ogologo, belata njupụta nke ngwakọta ngwa agha na ike nke ahụ siri ike.
(3) Mgbe ị na-akwadebe ngwa agha agwakọtara agwakọta, cellulose ether kwesịrị iji ezi uche mee ihe. Dozie mmekọrịta na-emegiderịta onwe ya n'etiti arụ ọrụ ngwa agha na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa.
Oge nzipu: Feb-20-2023