Akụrụngwa maka cellulose ether

A mụrụ usoro mmepụta nke nnukwu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether. A tụlere isi ihe na-emetụta isi nri na ịcha ọcha n'ime usoro mmepụta pulp dị elu. Dị ka ndị ahịa chọrọ, site na otu ihe ule na orthogonal ule usoro, jikọtara ya na ụlọ ọrụ n'ezie akụrụngwa ike, mmepụta usoro parameters nke elu viscosity.owu a nụchara anụchapulp akụrụngwamaka cellulose ether kpebisiri ike. N'iji usoro mmepụta a, ọcha nke elu viscositynụchara anụchaowu pulp emepụtara maka cellulose ether bụ≥85%, na viscosity bụ≥1800 ml / g.

Isi okwu: nnukwu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether; usoro mmepụta; isi nri; ịcha ọcha

Cellulose bụ ihe kacha baa ụba na mmeghari polymer polymer n'okike. Ọ nwere ụdị isi mmalite dị iche iche, ọnụ ala dị ala, na ịdị mma gburugburu ebe obibi. Enwere ike nweta usoro nke cellulose site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ. Cellulose ether bụ ngwakọta polymer nke hydrogen dị na otu hydroxyl na cellulose glucose unit na-eji otu hydrocarbon dochie ya. Mgbe etherification, cellulose bụ soluble na mmiri, itughari alkali ngwọta na organic mgbaze, na nwere thermoplasticity. China bụ onye na-emepụta cellulose ether kasị ukwuu n'ụwa, na-enwe nkezi uto kwa afọ karịa 20%. Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị cellulose ethers nwere ọmarịcha arụmọrụ, a na-ejikwa ya n'ọtụtụ ebe na-ewu, simenti, mmanụ ala, nri, textile, detergent, agba, ọgwụ, mpempe akwụkwọ na ngwa elektrọn na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.

Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ubi nke mmepụta ihe dị ka cellulose ether, ọchịchọ maka akụrụngwa maka mmepụta ya na-abawanye. Ihe ndị bụ isi maka mmepụta cellulose ether bụ owu pulp, osisi pulp, bamboo pulp, wdg. N'ime ha, owu bụ ngwaahịa sitere n'okike nwere ọdịnaya cellulose kachasị elu na okike, obodo m bụkwa obodo buru ibu nke na-emepụta owu, ya mere, owu na-esi ísì. ezigbo akụrụngwa maka mmepụta cellulose ether. Nanị ẹkenam mba ọzọ pụrụ iche ngwá na nkà na ụzụ maka pụrụ iche cellulose mmepụta, adopts ala-okpomọkụ ala-alkali nri, green na-aga n'ihu bleaching mmepụta technology, n'ụzọ zuru ezu akpaka akara nke mmepụta usoro, usoro akara ziri ezi eruwo elu larịị nke otu ụlọ ọrụ n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ. . Na arịrịọ nke ndị ahịa nọ n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ emeela nyocha na mmepe mmepe na nnukwu viscosity owu pulp maka cellulose ether, na samples ndị ahịa nabatara nke ọma.

1. Nnwale

1.1 Akụrụngwa

Nnukwu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether kwesịrị imezu ihe achọrọ nke ịdị ọcha dị elu, nnukwu viscosity na obere uzuzu. N'iburu n'uche njirimara nke nnukwu viscosity owu pulp maka cellulose ether, nke mbụ, a na-eme nchịkwa siri ike na nhọrọ nke akụrụngwa, na owu linters nwere oke ntozu oke, nnukwu viscosity, enweghị eriri atọ, na obere mkpụrụ owu. Ahọpụtara ọdịnaya anụ ahụ dị ka akụrụngwa. Dị ka ihe ndị dị n'elu owu si dị n'elu dị ka ihe ndị a chọrọ nke ihe ngosi dị iche iche si dị, a na-ekpebisi ike iji owu litter na Xinjiang dị ka ihe eji eme ihe maka mmepụta nke nnukwu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether. Ngosipụta mma nke Xinjiang cashmere bụ: viscosity≥2000 ml / g, uto≥70%, sulfuric acid na-adịghị ike≤6.0%, ọdịnaya ntụ≤1.7%

1.2 Ngwa na ọgwụ

Ngwá ọrụ nnwale: PL-100 ite ọkụ eletrik (Chengyang Taisite Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd.), ngwá ọrụ mmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe nile (Longkou Electric Furnace Factory), PHSJ 3F nkenke pH mita (Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), Viscometer Capillary, WSB～2 mita ọcha (Jinan Sanquan Zhongshishi

Ụlọ ọrụ Laboratory Instrument Co., Ltd.).

Ọgwụ nnwale: NaOH, HCl, NaClO, H2O2, NaSiO3.

1.3 Usoro usoro

Owu akwa→alkali nri→ịsa ahụ→pulping→ịcha ọcha (gụnyere ọgwụgwọ acid)→ime pulp→emechara ngwaahịa→ule index

1.4 Ọdịnaya nnwale

Usoro nri na-adabere na usoro mmepụta n'ezie, na-eji nkwadebe ihe mmiri na ụzọ isi nri alkaline. Naanị hichaa ma wepụ ihe ndị dị n'ụra, gbakwunye lye gbakọọ dị ka mmiri mmiri si dị na ọnụ ọgụgụ alkali eji, gwakọta ntụ ọka na lye nke ọma nke ọma, tinye ha n'ime tank nri, sie nri dị iche iche dabere na oge isi nri dị iche iche. sie ya. A na-asachapụ pulp mgbe esichara nri, tie ya na ịcha ọcha maka iji mechaa.

Usoro ịcha ọcha: A na-ahọrọ parampat dị ka ntinye uche nke pulp na uru pH dị ka ikike akụrụngwa na usoro ịcha ọcha si dị, a na-atụlekwa ihe ndị dị mkpa dị ka ọnụọgụ ịcha ọcha site na nnwale.

A na-ekewa ịcha ọcha n'ime usoro atọ: (1) Usoro ịcha ọcha tupu chlorination oge ochie, gbanwee mkpokọta pulp na 3%, tinye acid iji chịkwaa uru pH nke pulp na 2.2-2.3, tinye ụfọdụ sodium hypochlorite na ịcha ọcha na ụlọ okpomọkụ maka nkeji 40. (2) Akụkụ nke hydrogen peroxide na-acha ọcha, dozie ntinye uche nke pulp ka ọ bụrụ 8%, tinye sodium hydroxide na alkalinize slurry, tinye hydrogen peroxide ma mee ịcha ọcha n'otu ọnọdụ okpomọkụ (ngalaba hydrogen peroxide bleaching na-agbakwunye ụfọdụ ego stabilizer sodium silicate). Achọpụtara ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke ịcha ọcha, hydrogen peroxide na oge ịcha ọcha site na nnwale. (3) Ngalaba ọgwụgwọ acid: gbanwee ntinye uche nke pulp na 6%, tinye acid na metal ion na-ewepu ihe enyemaka maka ọgwụgwọ acid, a na-eme usoro nke ngalaba a dị ka usoro mmepụta pulp pụrụ iche nke ụlọ ọrụ si dị, na usoro a kapịrị ọnụ. ọ dịghị mkpa ka a tụlekwuo nnwale.

N'oge usoro nnwale ahụ, ọkwa ọ bụla nke ịcha ọcha na-edozi mkpokọta pulp na pH, na-agbakwunye akụkụ ụfọdụ nke reagent ịcha ọcha, na-agwakọta pulp na reagent bleaching n'otu n'otu n'ime akpa rọba polyethylene ejiri akara, wee tinye ya na mmiri ịsa mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe niile maka okpomọkụ mgbe niile. ịcha ọcha maka oge a kapịrị ọnụ. Usoro ịcha ọcha Wepụ slurry ọkara ọ bụla nkeji iri, gwakọta ma gwakọta ya nke ọma ka ị hụ na ịcha ọcha na otu. Mgbe ọkwa ọ bụla nke ịcha ọcha gasịrị, a na-asa ya na mmiri, wee gaa n'ihu na ọkwa ọzọ nke ịcha ọcha.

1.5 Nyocha na nchọpụta slurry

GB/T8940.2-2002 na GB/T7974-2002 ka e ji mee ihe maka nkwadebe na nha ọcha nke slurry ọcha samples n'otu n'otu; A na-eji GB/T1548-2004 mee ihe maka nha viscosity slurry.

2. Nsonaazụ na mkparịta ụka

2.1 Nyochaa ebumnuche

Dị ka mkpa nke ndị ahịa si kwuo, isi ihe na-egosi nkà na ụzụ nke nnukwu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether bụ: ọcha.≥85%, viscosity≥1800 ml / g,α- cellulose≥90%, ọdịnaya ntụ≤0.1%, ígwè≤12 mg / kg wdg Dị ka ọtụtụ afọ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta na mmepụta nke pulp owu pụrụ iche, site na ịchịkwa ọnọdụ nri kwesịrị ekwesị, ịsacha na ọnọdụ ọgwụgwọ acid na usoro ịcha ọcha,α-cellulose, ash, ígwè ọdịnaya na ndị ọzọ na-egosi, ọ dị mfe izute ihe a chọrọ na n'ezie mmepụta. Ya mere, a na-ewere ọcha na viscosity dị ka ihe na-elekwasị anya na mmepe nnwale a.

2.2 Usoro nri

Usoro nri bụ ibibi mgbidi mbụ nke eriri ahụ na sodium hydroxide n'okpuru ụfọdụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide, nke mere na mmiri-soluble na alkali-soluble na-abụghị cellulose adịghị ọcha, abụba na wax na owu litters na-etisasịwo, na ọdịnaya nkeα- cellulose na-abawanye. . N'ihi nkwụsị nke cellulose macromolecular chains n'oge usoro nri, a na-ebelata ogo polymerization na viscosity na-ebelata. Ọ bụrụ na ogo nke nri dị oke ọkụ, a gaghị esicha pulp ahụ nke ọma, ịcha ọcha na-esote ga-adị njọ, àgwà ngwaahịa ahụ ga-adịkwa mma; Ọ bụrụ na ogo nri dị oke arọ, ụdọ cellulose molecular ga-emebi n'ike na viscosity ga-adịkwa ala. N'ịtụle n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ịcha ọcha na viscosity index chọrọ nke slurry, a na-ekpebi na viscosity nke slurry mgbe esi nri bụ.≥1900 ml / g, na-acha ọcha≥55%

Dị ka isi ihe na-emetụta mmetụta nri: ọnụ ọgụgụ nke alkali na-eji, okpomọkụ na-esi nri, na oge njide, a na-eji usoro ule orthogonal na-eduzi nyocha iji họrọ usoro nri kwesịrị ekwesị.

Dabere na data dị oke njọ nke nsonaazụ ule orthogonal, mmetụta nke ihe atọ ahụ na mmetụta nri bụ nke a: okpomọkụ nri> ego alkali> ijide oge. Okpomọkụ nri na ọnụ ọgụgụ alkali nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na viscosity na ọcha nke pulp owu. Site na mmụba nke okpomọkụ na-esi nri na ọnụ ọgụgụ alkali, ọcha na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu, ma viscosity na-ebelata. Maka mmepụta nke pulp viscosity dị elu, a ghaghị ịnakwere ọnọdụ nri na-adịghị mma dị ka o kwere mee ka ị na-achọpụta na ọ dị ọcha. Ya mere, na ngwakọta na nnwale data, nri okpomọkụ bụ 115°C, na ego nke alkali eji bụ 9%. Mmetụta nke ijide oge n'etiti ihe atọ ahụ adịghị ike karịa nke ihe abụọ ndị ọzọ. Ebe ọ bụ na nri a na-agbaso usoro nri obere alkali na obere okpomọkụ, iji mee ka otu esi esi nri ma hụ na nkwụsi ike nke viscosity esi nri, a na-ahọrọ oge njide dị ka nkeji 70. Ya mere, a na-ekpebi nchikota A2B2C3 ka ọ bụrụ usoro nri kacha mma maka pulp viscosity dị elu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ usoro mmepụta, ọcha nke pulp ikpeazụ bụ 55.3%, na viscosity bụ 1945 ml / g.

2.3 Usoro ịcha ọcha

2.3.1 Usoro tupu chlorination

Na ngalaba tupu chlorination, a na-agbakwunye ntakịrị sodium hypochlorite na pulp owu iji mee ka lignin dị na pulp owu ghọọ chlorinated lignin wee gbazee. Mgbe ịchachachara na ọkwa tupu chlorination, a ga-achịkwa viscosity nke slurry ka ọ bụrụ.≥1850 ml / g, na ọcha≥63%.

Ọnụego sodium hypochlorite bụ isi ihe na-emetụta mmetụta ịcha ọcha na ngalaba a. Iji nyochaa ọnụọgụ chlorine kwesịrị ekwesị, a na-eji usoro nyocha otu ihe mee nnwale 5 n'otu oge. Site n'ịgbakwunye sodium hypochlorite dị iche iche na slurry, chlorine dị irè na slurry Ọdịnaya chlorine bụ 0.01 g/L, 0.02 g/L, 0.03 g/L, 0.04 g/L, 0.05 g/L n'otu n'otu. Mgbe ịchachachara, viscosity na BaiDu.

Site na mgbanwe nke owu pulp ọcha na viscosity na ọnụọgụ chlorine dị, enwere ike ịchọpụta na site na mmụba nke chlorine dịnụ, ịdị ọcha nke pulp owu na-abawanye nke nta nke nta, na viscosity ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata. Mgbe ọnụọgụ chlorine dị bụ 0.01g/L na 0.02g/L, ịdị ọcha nke pulp owu bụ.≤63%; Mgbe ego chlorine dị bụ 0.05g/L, viscosity nke pulp owu bụ.≤1850ml/g, nke na-emezughị ihe achọrọ tupu chlorination. Ihe ngosipụta njikwa ịcha ọcha nke ngalaba chọrọ. Mgbe ego nke chlorine dị bụ 0.03g/L na 0.04g/L, ndị na-egosi mgbe ịchachachara bụ viscosity 1885mL/g, ọcha 63.5% na viscosity 1854ml/g, ọcha 64.8%. Usoro onunu ogwu kwekọrọ n'ihe achọrọ nke akara njikwa ịcha ọcha na ngalaba tupu chlorination, ya mere a na-ekpebi na mbụ na usoro chlorine dị na ngalaba a bụ 0.03-0.04g/L.

2.3.2 Hydrogen peroxide usoro nyocha usoro ịcha ọcha

Ịcha ọcha hydrogen peroxide bụ ihe kachasị mkpa n'ime ịcha ọcha na usoro ịcha ọcha iji meziwanye ọcha. Mgbe ọkwa a gasịrị, a na-eme usoro ọgwụgwọ acid iji mezue usoro ịcha ọcha. Usoro ọgwụgwọ acid gbakwunyere akwụkwọ na-esote na imepụta ogbo enweghị mmetụta na viscosity nke pulp, ma nwee ike ịbawanye ọcha ma ọ dịkarịa ala 2%. Ya mere, dị ka akara ndeksi chọrọ nke ikpeazụ elu viscosity pulp, index akara chọrọ nke hydrogen peroxide bleaching ogbo kpebisiri ike ịbụ viscosity.≥1800 ml / g na ọcha≥83%

Ihe ndị bụ isi na-emetụta ịcha ọcha hydrogen peroxide bụ ọnụọgụ hydrogen peroxide, okpomọkụ ịcha ọcha, na oge ịcha ọcha. Iji nweta ihe ọcha na viscosity chọrọ nke pulp viscous dị elu, a na-enyocha ihe atọ ahụ na-emetụta mmetụta ịcha ọcha site na usoro ule orthogonal iji chọpụta ihe kwesịrị ekwesị usoro ịcha ọcha hydrogen peroxide.

Site na oke dị iche iche data nke ule orthogonal, achọpụtara na mmetụta nke ihe atọ ahụ na mmetụta ịcha ọcha bụ: okpomọkụ ịcha ọcha> hydrogen peroxide doseji> oge ịcha ọcha. Okpomọkụ ịcha ọcha na ọnụọgụ hydrogen peroxide bụ isi ihe na-emetụta mmetụta ịcha ọcha. Site na mmụba nke nta nke nta nke data nke ihe abụọ nke okpomọkụ na-acha ọcha na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke hydrogen peroxide, ịdị ọcha nke pulp owu na-abawanye nke nta nke nta, na viscosity ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata. N'ịtụle ọnụ ahịa mmepụta, ikike akụrụngwa na ịdịmma ngwaahịa n'ụzọ zuru ezu, a na-ekpebi ikpochapụ hydrogen peroxide ka ọ bụrụ 80.°C, na hydrogen peroxide usoro onunu ogwu bụ 5%. N'otu oge ahụ, dịka nsonaazụ nnwale ahụ si dị, oge ịcha ọcha nke hydrogen peroxide enweghị mmetụta dị nta na mmetụta ịcha ọcha, a na-ahọrọ oge ịcha ọcha nke hydrogen peroxide dị ka nkeji 80.

Dị ka usoro ịcha ọcha nke hydrogen peroxide ahọpụtara si dị, ụlọ nyocha emeela ọtụtụ nnwale nyocha ugboro ugboro, nsonaazụ nnwale gosipụtara na paramita nnwale ahụ nwere ike imezu ebumnuche achọrọ.

3. Nkwubi okwu

Dị ka ndị ahịa chọrọ, site na otu ihe ule na orthogonal ule, jikọtara ya na ụlọ ọrụ nke ngwá ọrụ n'ezie na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta, mmepụta usoro parameters nke elu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether na-ekpebi dị ka ndị a: (1) Usoro nri: jiri 9. % nke alkali, esi nri Okpomọkụ dị 115°C, na oge njide bụ 70 nkeji. (2) Usoro ịcha ọcha: na ngalaba tupu chlorination, usoro chlorine dị maka ịcha ọcha bụ 0.03-0.04 g/L; N'ime akụkụ hydrogen peroxide, okpomọkụ ịcha ọcha bụ 80°C, usoro onunu ogwu nke hydrogen peroxide bụ 5%, na oge ịcha ọcha bụ nkeji 80; Ngalaba ọgwụgwọ acid, dị ka usoro ụlọ ọrụ si dị.

Nnukwu viscosity pulp makacellulose etherbụ pulp owu pụrụ iche nwere ngwa sara mbara yana uru agbakwunyere dị elu. Na ndabere nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke nnwale, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'onwe ya mepụtara usoro mmepụta nke nnukwu viscosity pulp maka cellulose ether. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, pulp viscosity dị elu maka cellulose ether aghọwo otu n'ime ụdị mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ Kima Chemical, na ndị ahịa na-eto n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ.