Njirimara nke ngwa agha gypsum

A tụlere mmetụta nke ọdịnaya ether cellulose na njide mmiri nke gypsum motar desulfurized site na ụzọ nnwale atọ nke njide mmiri nke ụrọ gypsum, ma tụlere nsonaazụ ule ahụ. A mụrụ mmetụta nke cellulose ether ọdịnaya na njide mmiri, ike mkpakọ, ike mgbanwe na ike njikọ nke gypsum motar. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na ntinye nke cellulose ether ga-ebelata ike mkpakọ nke gypsum mortar, na-eme ka njide mmiri na ike jikọta ya nke ọma, mana enweghi mmetụta dị nta na ike mgbanwe.

Isi okwu:njide mmiri; cellulose ether; ngwa agha gypsum

Cellulose ether bụ ihe polymer soluble mmiri, nke a na-esi na cellulose eke eme ihe site na mgbasa nke alkali, mmeghachi omume grafting (etherification), ịsacha, ihicha, egweri na usoro ndị ọzọ. Cellulose ether nwere ike ji mee ihe dị ka mmiri njigide gị n'ụlọnga, thickener, ihe nkedo, dispersant, stabilizer, suspending gị n'ụlọnga, emulsifier na film-akpụ enyemaka, wdg N'ihi cellulose ether nwere ezigbo mmiri njigide na ndim mmetụta na ngwa agha, ọ pụrụ budata melite workability. nke ngwa agha, ya mere cellulose ether bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmiri na-agbaze mmiri na ngwa agha. A na-ejikarị cellulose ether eme ihe dị ka onye na-ejigide mmiri na (desulfurization) gypsum mortar. Ọtụtụ afọ nyocha egosila na onye na-ahụ maka mmiri na-ejide mmiri nwere mmetụta dị oke mkpa na ịdị mma nke plasta na arụmọrụ nke oyi akwa mgbochi. Njide mmiri dị mma nwere ike hụ na plasta zuru ezu Hydrates, na-ekwe nkwa ike dị mkpa, na-eme ka ihe rheological nke plasta stucco dịkwuo mma. Ya mere, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa iji tụọ ọrụ njigide mmiri nke gypsum n'ụzọ ziri ezi. N'ihi nke a, onye na-ede akwụkwọ na-atụnyere ụzọ abụọ a na-ejikarị ejigide mmiri mmiri mmiri iji hụ na izi ezi nke nsonaazụ cellulose ether na-arụ ọrụ njide mmiri nke gypsum, na iji nyochaa ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke cellulose ether na gypsum ngwa agha. A nwalere mmetụta nke , na nnwale.

1. Nwale

1.1 Akụrụngwa

Desulfurization gypsum: The flue gas desulfurization gypsum nke Shanghai Shidongkou Nke 2 Ike osisi na-enwetara site ihicha na 60°C na okpomọkụ nke ogo 180°C. Cellulose ether: methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether nke Kima Chemical Company nyere, na viscosity nke 20000mPa·S; ájá bụ ọkara aja.

1.2 Usoro ule

1.2.1 Usoro nyocha nke ọnụego njigide mmiri

(1) Usoro nsị nke Vacuum ("Plastering Gypsum" GB/T28627-2012) Bee mpempe akwụkwọ nzacha nke na-agba ọsọ ọsọ site na dayameta dị n'ime nke Buchner funnel, gbasaa ya na ala nke Buchner funnel, ma tinye ya na ya. mmiri. Tinye oghere Buchner na karama mmiri mmiri, bido mgbapụta agụụ, nyo maka nkeji 1, wepụ ihe mkpuchi Buchner, jiri akwụkwọ nzacha kpochapụ mmiri fọdụrụnụ na ala ma tụọ (G1), ziri ezi ruo 0.1g. Tinye gypsum slurry na ọkwa mgbasa ozi ọkọlọtọ na oriri mmiri n'ime oghere Buchner a tụrụ atụ, ma jiri scraper nwere ụdị T na-atụgharị kwụ ọtọ na olulu ahụ iji wepụta ya, nke mere na a na-edobe ọkpụrụkpụ nke slurry n'ime oke (10).±0.5) mm. Hichapụ gypsum slurry fọdụrụ na mgbidi dị n'ime nke Buchner funnel, tụọ (G2), ziri ezi ruo 0.1g. Ogologo oge site na mmecha nke edemede ruo na njedebe nke ịdị arọ ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe karịrị 5min. Tinye olulu Buchner a tụrụ atụ na flask nzacha wee malite mgbapụta agụụ. Gbanwee nrụgide na-adịghị mma ka ọ bụrụ (53.33±0.67) kPa ma ọ bụ (400±5) mm Hg n'ime 30 sekọnd. Ntucha mmiri ara ehi maka nkeji 20, wee wepụ ọnya Buchner, jiri akwụkwọ nzacha kpochapụ mmiri fọdụrụnụ n'ọnụ ala, tụọ (G3), ziri ezi ruo 0.1g.

(2) Usoro ntinye mmiri nzacha akwụkwọ (1) (ọkọlọtọ French) Dochie slurry agwakọtara n'ọtụtụ ọkwa nke akwụkwọ nzacha. Ụdị akwụkwọ nzacha a na-eji bụ: (a) 1 oyi akwa akwụkwọ nzacha ngwa ngwa nke na-akpakọrịta ozugbo na slurry; (b) Mpempe akwụkwọ nzacha 5 maka nzacha ngwa ngwa. Efere gburugburu rọba na-arụ ọrụ dị ka pallet, ọ na-anọdụkwa ozugbo na tebụl. Wepụ ịdị arọ nke diski rọba ahụ na akwụkwọ nzacha maka nzacha ngwa ngwa (oke bụ M0). Mgbe a na-agwakọta plasta nke paris na mmiri iji mepụta slurry, a na-awụsa ya ozugbo n'ime cylinder (obosara dị n'ime 56mm, ịdị elu 55mm) nke ejiri akwụkwọ nzacha kpuchie ya. Mgbe slurry na-akpakọrịta na akwụkwọ nzacha maka nkeji iri na ise, tụọghachi akwụkwọ nzacha na-adị nwayọọ nwayọọ na pallet (mass M1). A na-egosipụta njide mmiri nke plasta site n'ịdị arọ nke mmiri na-etinye n'ime otu square centimita nke mpaghara absorption nke akwụkwọ nzacha na-adịghị ala ala, ya bụ: mmịnye mmiri nke akwụkwọ nzacha = (M1-M0) / 24.63

(3) Filter akwụkwọ mmiri absorption usoro (2) ("Ụkpụrụ maka isi arụmọrụ ule ụzọ nke ewu ngwa agha" JGJ/T70) tụọ uka m1 nke impermeable mpempe akwụkwọ na akọrọ ule ebu na uka m2 nke 15 iberibe ọkara. -speed qualitative akwụkwọ nzacha. Jupụta ngwakọta ngwa ngwa n'ime ụdị ikpe ahụ n'otu oge, ma tinye ya na spatula ugboro ugboro. Mgbe ngwa agha na-ejuputa dị ntakịrị elu karịa nsọtụ nke ụdị nnwale ahụ, jiri spatula kpochapụ ngwa ngwa nfefe dị n'elu ebe a na-anwale ya na akụkụ nke ogo 450, wee jiri spatula kpochapụ ngwa agha ahụ n'ihu. elu nke ule ebu na a dịtụ larịị n'akuku. Hichapụ ngwa agha dị na nsọtụ nke ihe nnwale ahụ, wee tụọ mkpokọta m3 nke ebu ule ahụ, mpempe akwụkwọ na-adịghị ala ala na ngwa agha ahụ. Na-ekpuchi elu nke ngwa agha ahụ na ihuenyo nzacha, tinye 15 mpempe akwụkwọ nzacha n'elu ihuenyo nzacha, kpuchie elu nke akwụkwọ ahụ na mpempe akwụkwọ na-adịghị agwụ agwụ, ma pịa mpempe akwụkwọ na-adịghị ike nke nwere ihe dị arọ 2kg. Mgbe ị kwụrụ maka nkeji 2, wepụ ihe ndị ahụ dị arọ na mpempe akwụkwọ na-adịghị agwụ agwụ, wepụ akwụkwọ nzacha (ewezuga ihuenyo nzacha), ma tụọ ngwa ngwa nzacha akwụkwọ m4. Gbakọọ ọdịnaya mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ site na nha nke ngwa ngwa na oke mmiri agbakwunyere.

1.2.2 Testzọ ule maka ike mkpakọ, ike mgbanwe na ike nkekọ

A na-eme ike mkpakọ gypsum mortar, ike mgbanwe, ule ike njikọ na ọnọdụ ule metụtara ya dịka usoro ọrụ si dị na "Plastering Gypsum" GB/T 28627-2012.

2. Nnwale ule na nyocha

2.1 Mmetụta nke cellulose ether na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha - ntụnyere usoro ule dị iche iche

Iji tụnyere ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ụzọ nyocha mmiri dị iche iche, a nwalere ụzọ atọ dị iche iche maka otu usoro nke gypsum.

Site na ntụle nyocha nke ụzọ atọ dị iche iche, enwere ike ịhụ na mgbe ọnụọgụ mmiri na-ejigide mmiri na-abawanye site na 0 ruo 0.1%, nsonaazụ ule site na iji usoro ntinye mmiri nzacha akwụkwọ (1) na-agbada site na 150.0mg / cm.² ruo 8.1mg/cm² , belata site na 94.6%; Ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nke ngwa agha a tụrụ site na usoro ntinye mmiri nzacha akwụkwọ (2) si na 95.9% gaa na 99.9%, na njide mmiri na-abawanye naanị site na 4%; Nsonaazụ nke usoro mmịpụta agụụ mụbara site na 69% .8% gbagoro ruo 96.0%, ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri mụbara site na 37.5%.

Enwere ike ịhụ site na nke a na ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nke a na-atụle site na usoro ntinye mmiri nke nzacha akwụkwọ (2) enweghị ike imepe ọdịiche dị na arụmọrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ nke onye na-ejigide mmiri, nke na-adịghị mma maka ule ziri ezi na ikpe nke. Ọnụ ego njide mmiri nke ngwa ahịa azụmahịa gypsum, na usoro nzacha oghere bụ n'ihi na enwere mmanye mmanye, ya mere enwere ike imeghe ọdịiche dị na data iji gosipụta ọdịiche dị na njide mmiri. N'otu oge ahụ, nsonaazụ ule na-eji usoro ntinye mmiri nzacha akwụkwọ (1) na-agbanwe nke ukwuu na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke onye na-edobe mmiri, nke nwere ike ime ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmiri na-ekpuchi mmiri na ụdị dị iche iche. Otú ọ dị, ebe ọ bụ na ọnụego mmịpụta mmiri nke akwụkwọ nzacha a tụrụ site na usoro a bụ ọnụọgụ mmiri nke akwụkwọ nzacha na-etinye n'otu mpaghara, mgbe oriri mmiri nke ọkọlọtọ diffusivity nke ngwa agha dịgasị iche na ụdị, usoro onunu ogwu na viscosity nke Agwakọta ihe na-ejigide mmiri, nsonaazụ ule enweghị ike igosipụta n'ụzọ ziri ezi njide mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ. Ọnụ ego.

N'ịchịkọta, usoro mmịpụta oghere nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche dị mma nke njide mmiri nke ngwa agha, ọ naghị emetụta ya na mmiri oriri nke ngwa agha. Ọ bụ ezie na nsonaazụ ule nke usoro ntinye mmiri nke nzacha akwụkwọ nzacha (1) na-emetụta mmiri oriri nke ngwa agha, n'ihi usoro nyocha dị mfe, enwere ike ijikwa ọrụ njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha n'okpuru otu usoro ahụ.

Oke nke gypsum composite cementitious ihe mejupụtara ya na aja aja bụ 1: 2.5. Gbanwee oke mmiri site n'ịgbanwe ọnụọgụ cellulose ether. A mụrụ mmetụta nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether na ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nke gypsum motar. Site na nsonaazụ ule, enwere ike ịhụ na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, njide mmiri nke ngwa agha na-akawanye mma; mgbe ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether ruru 0% nke ngụkọta nke ngwa agha.N'ihe dịka 10%, usoro mmịnye mmiri nke akwụkwọ nzacha na-adị nro.

Ọdịdị ether cellulose nwere otu hydroxyl na ether bond. Atọm dị n'otu ndị a na-ejikọta ya na ụmụ irighiri mmiri iji mepụta njikọ hydrogen, nke mere na mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri efu na-aghọ mmiri ejikọtara, si otú ahụ na-ekere òkè dị mma na njide mmiri. N'ime ngwa agha, iji kpokọta ọnụ, gypsum chọrọ mmiri Mee ka mmiri jupụta. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị mma nke cellulose ether nwere ike idobe mmiri dị na ngwa ngwa ruo ogologo oge, ka nhazi na usoro siri ike nwee ike ịga n'ihu. Mgbe usoro onunu ogwu ya buru ibu, ọ bụghị naanị na mmetụta nkwalite adịghị anya, kamakwa ọnụ ahịa ga-abawanye, ya mere usoro ọgwụgwọ ezi uche dị ezigbo mkpa. N'ịtụle ọrụ dị iche iche na viscosity dị iche iche nke ndị na-ejigide mmiri dị iche iche, a na-ekpebi ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether ka ọ bụrụ 0.10% nke ngụkọta nke ngwa agha.

2.2 Mmetụta nke cellulose ether ọdịnaya na n'ibu Njirimara nke gypsum

2.2.1 Mmetụta na ike mkpakọ na ike mgbanwe

Oke nke gypsum composite cementitious ihe mejupụtara ya na aja aja bụ 1: 2.5. Gbanwee ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cellulose ether ma dozie oke mmiri. Site na nsonaazụ nnwale, enwere ike ịhụ na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, ike mkpakọ na-enwe mmetụta dị ala ala, na ike na-agbanwe agbanwe enweghị mgbanwe doro anya.

Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya ether cellulose, ike mkpakọ 7d nke ngwa agha belatara. Akwụkwọ [6] kwenyere na nke a bụ n'ihi na: (1) mgbe a na-agbakwunye cellulose ether na ngwa agha ahụ, polymers na-agbanwe agbanwe na pores nke ngwa agha na-abawanye, na polymers ndị a na-agbanwe agbanwe enweghị ike inye nkwado siri ike mgbe a na-ejikọta matrix composite. mmetụta, nke mere na ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha ahụ na-ebelata (onye edemede nke akwụkwọ a kwenyere na olu cellulose ether polymer dị ntakịrị, na mmetụta nke nrụgide ahụ nwere ike ileghara anya); (2) na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether , mmetụta njigide mmiri ya na-akawanye mma, nke mere na mgbe e guzobere ngọngọ ule ngwa agha, porosity na ngọngọ ule ngwa ngwa na-abawanye, nke na-ebelata mgbagwoju anya nke ahụ siri ike. ma na-ebelata ike nke anụ ahụ siri ike iguzogide ike ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ, si otú a na-ebelata ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha (3) Mgbe a na-agwakọta ngwa agha akọrọ na mmiri, a na-ebu ụzọ adsorbed cellulose ether particles n'elu nke simenti. mepụta ihe nkiri latex, nke na-ebelata hydration nke gypsum, si otú ahụ belata ike nke ngwa agha. Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya ether cellulose, oke mpịachi nke ihe ahụ belatara. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ego ahụ buru ibu, a ga-ebelata arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha ahụ, nke a na-egosipụta n'eziokwu na ngwa agha ahụ dị oke viscous, dị mfe ịrapara na mma, na-esi ike ịgbasa n'oge a na-ewu ụlọ. N'otu oge ahụ, na-atụle na ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri aghaghịkwa izute ọnọdụ ndị ahụ, a na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ cellulose ether ka ọ bụrụ 0.05% na 0.10% nke ngụkọta nke ngwa agha.

2.2.2 Mmetụta na ike nkekọ tensile

A na-akpọ cellulose ether onye na-ejigide mmiri, na ọrụ ya bụ ime ka ọnụ ọgụgụ mmiri na-ejide mmiri. Ebumnuche bụ ịnọgide na-enwe mmiri dị na gypsum slurry, karịsịa mgbe gypsum slurry na-etinye aka na mgbidi ahụ, mmiri agaghị etinye ya na mgbidi ahụ, iji hụ na njigide mmiri nke gypsum slurry na interface. Mmeghachi omume hydration, iji hụ na ike njikọ nke interface ahụ. Debe oke nke gypsum mejupụtara ihe simenti na aja aja na 1:2.5. Gbanwee ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cellulose ether ma dozie oke mmiri.

Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na nsonaazụ ule na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether, ọ bụ ezie na ike mkpakọ na-ebelata, ike njigide ya ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye. Mgbakwunye nke cellulose ether nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri polymer dị mkpa n'etiti cellulose ether na hydration particles. Ihe nkiri cellulose ether polymer ga-agbaze na mmiri, ma n'okpuru ọnọdụ akọrọ, n'ihi nkwekọrịta ya, ọ nwere ikike igbochi Ọrụ nke evaporation mmiri. Ihe nkiri ahụ nwere mmetụta mkpuchi, nke na-eme ka nkụ nke ngwa agha dịkwuo mma. N'ihi njigide mmiri dị mma nke cellulose ether, a na-echekwa mmiri zuru oke n'ime ngwa agha ahụ, si otú a na-ahụ na mmepe zuru oke nke ike na ike hydration, na imeziwanye ike njikọ nke ngwa agha ahụ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mgbakwunye nke cellulose ether na-eme ka njikọ nke ngwa agha dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ngwa agha ahụ nwee ezigbo plasticity na mgbanwe, nke na-emekwa ka ngwa agha ahụ nwee ike ime mgbanwe na nkwụsị nke mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, si otú ahụ na-eme ka njikọ nke ngwa agha dịkwuo mma. . Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya cellulose ether, adhesion nke gypsum mortar na isi ihe na-abawanye. Mgbe ike ike nke gypsum plasta nke ala oyi akwa bụ> 0.4MPa, ike njikọ nke tensile ruru eru ma zute ọkọlọtọ "Plastering Gypsum" GB/T2827.2012. Otú ọ dị, n'ịtụle na cellulose ether ọdịnaya bụ 0.10% B inch, ike adịghị ezute ihe ndị a chọrọ, ya mere a na-ekpebi ọdịnaya cellulose ka ọ bụrụ 0.15% nke ngụkọta nke ngwa agha.

3. Nkwubi okwu

(1) Ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nke a na-atụle site na usoro ntinye mmiri nke nzacha akwụkwọ (2) enweghị ike imepe ọdịiche dị na arụmọrụ na dose nke onye na-ejigide mmiri, nke na-adịghị mma maka ule ziri ezi na ikpe nke ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri. ngwa agha gypsum. Usoro mmịpụta oghere nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche dị mma nke njide mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ, ọ naghị emetụtakwa mmiri oriri nke ngwa agha ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nsonaazụ ule nke usoro ntinye mmiri nke nzacha akwụkwọ nzacha (1) na-emetụta mmiri oriri nke ngwa agha, n'ihi usoro nyocha dị mfe, enwere ike ijikwa ọrụ njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha n'okpuru otu usoro ahụ.

(2) Mmụba nke ọdịnaya cellulose ether na-eme ka njide mmiri nke gypsum ngwa agha dịkwuo mma.

(3) Ntinye nke cellulose ether na-ebelata ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha ma na-eme ka ike ejikọta ya na mkpụrụ osisi ahụ. Cellulose ether enwechaghị mmetụta na ike mgbanwe nke ngwa agha, ya mere mpịachi nke ngwa agha na-ebelata.