Ether cellulose emegharịrị maka ngwa agha

A na-enyocha ụdị cellulose ether na isi ọrụ ya na ngwa ngwa agwakọta na ụzọ nyocha nke ihe ndị dị ka njide mmiri, viscosity na ike njikọ. The retarding usoro na microstructure nkecellulose ether na akọrọ agwakọta ngwa aghana mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nguzobe nke Ọdịdị nke ụfọdụ kpọmkwem mkpa oyi akwa cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha na hydration usoro na-akọwara. Na ndabere nke a, a na-atụ aro na ọ dị mkpa iji mee ka ọmụmụ ihe dịkwuo elu na ọnọdụ nke mmiri ozuzo ngwa ngwa. Usoro hydration nke oyi akwa nke cellulose ether gbanwere ngwa agha n'ụdị oyi akwa dị gịrịgịrị yana iwu nkesa oghere nke polymer n'ime akwa ngwa agha. Na ngwa bara uru n'ọdịnihu, a ga-atụle mmetụta nke cellulose ether modified mortar na mgbanwe okpomọkụ na ndakọrịta na admixtures ndị ọzọ. Ọmụmụ ihe a ga-akwalite mmepe nke teknụzụ ngwa nke CE gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha dị ka mpụta mgbidi plasta ngwa agha, putty, ngwa agha nkwonkwo na ndị ọzọ mkpa oyi akwa ngwa agha.

Isi okwu:cellulose ether; Ngwakọta agwakọta akọrọ; usoro

1. Okwu mmalite

Nkịtị akọrọ ngwa agha, mputa mgbidi mkpuchi ngwa agha, onwe-contering ngwa agha, waterproof ájá na ndị ọzọ akọrọ ngwa agha aghọwo akụkụ dị mkpa nke ụlọ ihe dabeere na mba anyị, na cellulose ether bụ mmepụta nke eke cellulose ether, na ihe mgbakwunye dị mkpa mgbakwunye nke dị iche iche iche iche. nke ngwa agha akọrọ, nkwụghachi azụ, njide mmiri, ịgbara mmiri, ịmịnye ikuku, adhesion na ọrụ ndị ọzọ.

Ọrụ CE na ngwa ngwa na-egosipụtakarị n'ịkwalite ịrụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha yana ịgba mbọ hụ na mmiri simenti dị na ngwa ngwa. The mma nke ngwa agha workability bụ tumadi na-egosipụta na mmiri njigide, mgbochi nghọta na oghere oge, karịsịa n'ịhụ mkpa oyi akwa ngwa agha carding, plasta ngwa agha na-agbasa na imeziwanye ewu ọsọ nke pụrụ iche bonding ngwa agha nwere mkpa na-elekọta mmadụ na akụ na ụba uru.

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-eme ọtụtụ ọmụmụ banyere ngwa agha gbanwere CE ma rụpụta ihe dị mkpa na nyocha teknụzụ ngwa nke CE modified mortar, a ka nwere ntụpọ doro anya na nyocha usoro nke ngwa igwe gbanwere CE, ọkachasị mmekọrịta dị n'etiti CE na ciment, mkpokọta na matriks n'okpuru ebe eji eme ihe pụrụ iche. Ya mere, Dabere na nchịkọta nke nsonaazụ nyocha dị mkpa, akwụkwọ a na-atụ aro na a ga-eme nyocha ọzọ gbasara okpomọkụ na ndakọrịta na ihe ndị ọzọ.

2,ọrụ na nhazi nke cellulose ether

2.1 Nhazi nke cellulose ether

Ọtụtụ ụdị cellulose ether, e nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka otu puku, n'ozuzu, dị ka ionization arụmọrụ nwere ike kewaa n'ime ionic na-abụghị ionic ụdị 2 edemede, na ciment dabeere ihe n'ihi ionic cellulose ether (dị ka carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC). ) ga-agbapụta na Ca2+ na enweghị ntụkwasị obi, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe. Nonionic cellulose ether nwere ike dị na (1) viscosity nke ọkọlọtọ aqueous ngwọta; (2) ụdị ndị nnọchi anya; (3) ogo nke nnọchi; (4) nhazi nke anụ ahụ; (5) Nhazi nke solubility, wdg.

Ngwongwo nke CE na-adabere tumadi n'ụdị, ọnụọgụ na nkesa nke ihe ndị nọchiri anya ya, ya mere, a na-ekewakarị CE dịka ụdị ihe eji dochie ya. Dị ka methyl cellulose ether bụ eke cellulose glucose unit na hydroxyl dochie methoxy ngwaahịa, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether HPMC bụ hydroxyl site methoxy, hydroxypropyl karị dochie ngwaahịa. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ihe karịrị 90% nke cellulose ethers eji eme ihe bụ methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether (MHPC) na methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC).

2.2 Ọrụ cellulose ether na ngwa agha

Ọrụ CE na ngwa agha na-egosipụtakarị n'akụkụ atọ ndị a: ikike njigide mmiri dị mma, mmetụta na nkwụsi ike na thixotropy nke ngwa agha na ịhazigharị rheology.

Idochi mmiri nke CE nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ịhazigharị oge mmeghe na nhazi usoro nke ngwa ngwa, iji dozie oge ọrụ nke sistemu ahụ, kamakwa gbochie ihe isi ala ka ọ ghara ịmịkọrọ mmiri na oke ngwa ngwa ma gbochie ikuku nke ikuku. mmiri, ka o wee hụ na a na-ahapụ mmiri nke nta nke nta n'oge hydration nke ciment. Ndogide mmiri nke CE bụ nke metụtara ọnụọgụ CE, viscosity, ịdị mma na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ. Mmetụta njide mmiri nke CE gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha na-adabere na mmịnye mmiri nke isi, ihe mejupụtara nke ngwa agha ahụ, ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa, ihe mmiri chọrọ, oge nhazi nke ihe cimenting, wdg. Nnyocha na-egosi na n'ezie eji eme ihe. nke ụfọdụ seramiiki tile binders, n'ihi na akọrọ porous mkpụrụ ga-ngwa ngwa banye a nnukwu ego nke mmiri si slurry, na ciment oyi akwa nso mkpụrụ ọnwụ nke mmiri na-eduga ná hydration ogo ciment n'okpuru 30%, nke ọ bụghị nanị na-apụghị etolite ciment. jel na ike bonding n'elu nke mkpụrụ, ma ọ dịkwa mfe ime ka cracking na mmiri seepage.

Mmiri chọrọ nke usoro ngwa agha bụ ihe dị mkpa. Ihe achọrọ mmiri bụ isi na mkpụrụ ngwa ngwa ejikọtara na-adabere n'ụdị ngwa agha, ya bụ ọnụọgụ simenti, mkpokọta na mkpokọta agbakwunyere, mana ntinye nke CE nwere ike ịhazigharị mmiri achọrọ na ngwa ngwa. N'ọtụtụ usoro ihe eji ewu ụlọ, a na-eji CE eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ dị nro iji dozie nkwekọ nke usoro ahụ. Mmetụta ịdị arọ nke CE na-adabere n'ogo polymerization nke CE, ntinye ngwọta, ọnụ ọgụgụ shear, okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ. Mmiri mmiri nke CE nwere viscosity dị elu nwere thixotropy dị elu. Mgbe okpomọkụ na-abawanye, a na-emepụta gel nhazi na oke thixotropy na-eme, nke bụkwa isi njirimara CE.

Mgbakwunye CE nwere ike ịhazigharị akụrụngwa rheological nke sistemu ihe eji arụ ọrụ, nke mere na ngwa agha ahụ wee nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ ka mma, arụ ọrụ mgbochi ka mma, na anaghị agbaso ngwaọrụ ihe owuwu. Ngwongwo ndị a na-eme ka ngwa agha ahụ dị mfe ịhazi ma gwọọ ya.

2.3 Ntụle arụmọrụ nke cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha

Ntụle arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha agbanwere CE tumadi gụnyere njide mmiri, viscosity, ike nkekọ, wdg.

Njide mmiri bụ ihe nrịbama arụmọrụ dị mkpa nke metụtara arụrụ arụ nke ngwa agha agbanwere CE. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ nnwale dị mkpa, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-eji usoro mgbapụta agụụ na-ewepụta mmiri ozugbo. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mba ọzọ na-ejikarị DIN 18555 (usoro nnwale nke inorganic cementation material mortar), ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke French na-eji usoro nzacha. Ụkpụrụ ụlọ gụnyere usoro nyocha mmiri jigide mmiri nwere JC/T 517-2004 (nkedo plasta), ụkpụrụ ya bụ isi na usoro ngụkọ na ụkpụrụ mba ọzọ na-agbanwe agbanwe, niile site na mkpebi siri ike nke mmịnye mmiri ngwa ngwa kwuru na njigide mmiri ngwa ngwa.

Viscosity bụ ndenye arụmọrụ ọzọ dị mkpa metụtara arụ ọrụ nke ngwa igwe agbanweela CE. Enwere ụzọ nnwale viscosity anọ a na-ejikarị: Brookileld, Hakke, Hoppler na usoro viscometer rotary. Ụzọ anọ ahụ na-eji ngwá ọrụ dị iche iche, ihe ngwọta ngwọta, gburugburu ebe nyocha, ya mere otu ngwọta a nwalere site na ụzọ anọ abụghị otu ihe ahụ. N'otu oge ahụ, viscosity nke CE na-adịgasị iche na okpomọkụ na iru mmiri, yabụ viscosity nke otu CE gbanwere ngwa agha na-agbanwe nke ọma, nke bụkwa ntụzịaka dị mkpa a ga-amụ na ngwa agha gbanwere CE ugbu a.

A na-ekpebi ule ike nke njikọ dabere na ntụzịaka nke ngwa ngwa eji, dị ka ngwa agha seramiiki na-ezo aka na “nrapado mgbidi tile seramiiki” (JC/T 547-2005), ngwa agha nchekwa na-ezo aka na “ihe achọrọ teknụzụ mkpuchi mgbidi mpụga” ( DB 31 / T 366-2006) na "mkpuchi mgbidi nke mpụga na akwa akwa akwa akwa akwa polystyrene gbasaa" (JC/T 993-2006). Na mba ọzọ, ike nrapado na-eji ike mgbanwe nke ndị otu Japanese Association of Materials Science na-atụ aro (nnwale ahụ na-ewere ngwa agha prismatic nkịtị bee n'ime akụkụ abụọ nke nha 160mm × 40mm × 40mm na ngwa agha gbanwere ka ọ bụrụ ihe nlele mgbe ọ gwọchara ya. , na-ezo aka na usoro ule nke ike mgbanwe nke ciment mortar).

3. Ọganihu nyocha usoro ihe omimi nke cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha

Nchoputa usoro ihe omimi nke CE modified ngwa agha lekwasịrị anya na mmekorita dị n'etiti CE na ihe dị iche iche na sistemu ngwa agha. The chemical edinam n'ime ciment dabeere ihe gbanwetụrụ site CE nwere ike ihu ọma gosiri dị ka CE na mmiri, hydration edinam ciment n'onwe ya, CE na simenti mmekọrịta, CE na ciment hydration ngwaahịa. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti CE na cement particles/hydration ngwaahịa na-apụtakarị na mgbasa ozi dị n'etiti CE na cement.

Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti CE na akụkụ ciment ka akọpụtala n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Liu Guanghua et al. tụlere ikike Zeta nke CE gbanwere ciment slurry colloid mgbe ị na-amụ usoro ọrụ nke CE n'ime mmiri dị n'okpuru mmiri na-enweghị isi. Nsonaazụ gosiri na: ikike Zeta (-12.6mV) nke ciment-doped slurry dị ntakịrị karịa nke ciment tapawa (-21.84mV), na-egosi na akụkụ ciment na ciment-doped slurry na-ekpuchi ya na oyi akwa polymer na-abụghị ionic, nke na-eme ka mgbasa ọkụ eletrik okpukpu abụọ dị ntakịrị na ike na-asọ oyi n'etiti colloid na-esiwanye ike.

3.1 Nkwụghachi azụ tiori nke cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha

N'ime usoro ọmụmụ nke ngwa igwe agbanweela CE, a na-ekwenyekarị na CE ọ bụghị naanị na-enye ngwa agha arụ ọrụ dị mma, kamakwa ọ na-ebelata mwepụta nke simenti n'oge hydration ma na-egbu oge usoro siri ike nke ciment.

Mmetụta nkwụghachi azụ nke CE na-emetụta ya na ntinye uche ya na nhazi ihe omimi ya na sistemụ cementing mineral, mana ọ nwere obere mmekọrịta na ịdị arọ molekụla ya. Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na mmetụta nke usoro kemịkalụ CE na kinetics hydration nke simenti na ka ọdịnaya CE dị elu, ka ọ na-adị ntakịrị ogo nnọchi alkyl, ka ọdịnaya hydroxyl na-abawanye, na-eme ka mmetụta igbu oge hydration dịkwuo ike. N'ihe gbasara usoro ihe omimi, nnọchi hydrophilic (dịka, HEC) nwere mmetụta nkwụghachi azụ karia nnọchi hydrophobic (dịka, MH, HEMC, HMPC).

Site n'echiche nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti CE na akụkụ ciment, a na-egosipụta usoro nkwụsị azụ n'akụkụ abụọ. N'otu aka ahụ, mgbasa ozi nke CE molecule na ngwaahịa hydration dị ka c - s -H na Ca (OH) 2 na-egbochi hydration ịnweta ciment ọzọ; N'aka nke ọzọ, viscosity nke ngwọta pore na-abawanye n'ihi CE, nke na-ebelata ion (Ca2+, so42-...). Ọrụ dị na ngwọta pore na-ebelata usoro hydration ọzọ.

CE abụghị naanị na-egbu oge nhazi, kamakwa ọ na-egbu oge usoro siri ike nke sistemu ciment. Achọpụtara na CE na-emetụta hydration kinetics nke C3S na C3A na clinker ciment n'ụzọ dị iche iche. CE tumadi belatara mmeghachi omume nke usoro osooso nke C3s, wee mee ka oge ntinye nke C3A/CaSO4 dị ogologo. Nkwụghachi azụ nke c3s hydration ga-egbu oge usoro siri ike nke ngwa agha, ebe mgbatị nke oge ntinye nke usoro C3A / CaSO4 ga-egbu oge nhazi nke ngwa agha.

3.2 Microstructure nke cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha

Usoro mmetụta CE na microstructure nke ngwa agha agbanweela adọtala nlebara anya dị ukwuu. A na-egosipụta nke ọma na akụkụ ndị a:

Nke mbu, nyocha a lekwasịrị anya na usoro imepụta ihe nkiri na morphology nke CE na ngwa agha. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-ejikarị CE eme ihe na polymers ndị ọzọ, ọ bụ nchọpụta dị mkpa na-elekwasị anya ịmata ọdịiche dị na ọnọdụ ya na nke polymers ndị ọzọ na ngwa agha.

Nke abuo, mmetụta CE na microstructure nke ngwaahịa hydration ciment bụkwa ntụzịaka nyocha dị mkpa. Dị ka a na-ahụ site na ihe nkiri na-emepụta steeti CE na ngwaahịa hydration, ngwaahịa hydration na-etolite usoro na-aga n'ihu na interface nke cE jikọtara na ngwaahịa hydration dị iche iche. Na 2008, K.Pen et al. ejiri calorimetry isothermal, nyocha thermal, FTIR, SEM na BSE iji mụọ usoro lignification na ngwaahịa hydration nke 1% PVAA, MC na HEC modified mortar. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọ bụ ezie na polymer na-egbu oge mmalite nke hydration ogo nke ciment, ọ gosipụtara nhazi nhazi nke ọma na ụbọchị 90. Karịsịa, MC na-emetụtakwa morphology crystal nke Ca (OH) 2. Ihe akaebe na-egosi kpọmkwem bụ na a na-achọpụta ọrụ mmiri nke polymer na kristal oyi akwa, MC na-ekere òkè na njikọ kristal, na-ebelata ihe mgbagwoju anya microscopic ma na-ewusi microstructure ike.

Mmụba microstructure nke CE na ngwa agha adọtakwala ọtụtụ nlebara anya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Jenni jiri usoro nyocha dị iche iche mụọ mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ihe dị n'ime ngwa agha polymer, na-ejikọta ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ na nyocha iji wughachi usoro dum nke ngwa agha ọhụrụ iji sie ike, gụnyere mmepụta ihe nkiri polymer, hydration ciment na njem mmiri.

Ke adianade do, micro-analysis nke dị iche iche oge ihe na ngwa agha mmepe usoro, na-apụghị ịbụ na ọnọdụ si ngwa agha Ịgwakọta ka hardening nke dum usoro nke na-aga n'ihu Micro-analysis. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ijikọ dum quantitative nnwale iji nyochaa ụfọdụ pụrụ iche nkebi na Chọpụta microstructure usoro nhazi nke isi nkebi. Na China, Qian Baowei, Ma Baoguo et al. kọwara kpọmkwem usoro hydration site na iji resistivity, okpomọkụ nke hydration na ụzọ ule ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi nyocha ole na ole na ọdịda ijikọta resistivity na okpomọkụ nke hydration na microstructure na oge dị iche iche, ọ dịghị usoro nyocha nke kwekọrọ na e guzobere. N'ozuzu, ruo ugbu a, enwebeghị ụzọ kpọmkwem iji kọwaa ọnụ ọgụgụ na qualitatively ọnụnọ nke dị iche iche polymer microstructure na ngwa agha.

3.3 Ọmụmụ na cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ mkpa oyi akwa

Ọ bụ ezie na ndị mmadụ emeela ihe ọmụmụ teknụzụ na usoro ọmụmụ na ntinye CE na ngwa ngwa ciment. Ma ọ ga-aṅa ntị bụ na CE modified ngwa agha na kwa ụbọchị akọrọ ngwa agha agwakọta (dị ka brik ihe nkedo, putty, mkpa oyi akwa plasta ngwa agha, wdg) na-etinyere n'ụdị mkpa oyi akwa ngwa agha, a pụrụ iche ihe owuwu na-esokarị. site na ngwa agha mmiri na-efunahụ ngwa ngwa.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụrọ mkpuchi tile seramiiki bụ ụrọ oyi akwa a na-ahụkarị (ụdị oyi akwa CE gbanwere ngwa agha nke seramiiki tile bonding agent), a mụọla usoro hydration ya n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ. Na China, Coptis rhizoma ji ụdị dị iche iche na ọnụọgụ CE dị iche iche iji kwalite arụmọrụ nke akwa akwa akwa ceramic. A na-eji usoro X-ray gosi na ogo hydration nke simenti dị na interface dị n'etiti ngwa ngwa ciment na ceramic tile mgbe agwakọtara CE mụbara. Site na iji microscope lelee interface ahụ, a chọpụtara na ike ciment-àkwà mmiri nke ceramic tile na-akawanye mma site na ịgwakọta tapawa CE kama ịdị njupụta. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Jenni hụrụ mmụba nke polymer na Ca (OH) 2 n'akụkụ elu. Jenni kwenyere na ịdị n'otu nke ciment na polymer na-eme ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mmepụta ihe nkiri polymer na hydration ciment. Ihe e ji mara CE ụrọ simenti gbanwere ma e jiri ya tụnyere sistemu ciment nkịtị bụ oke mmiri-ciment ruru (na-abụkarị ma ọ bụ karịa 0.8), mana n'ihi oke mpaghara/olu ha dị elu, ha na-esikwa ike ngwa ngwa, nke mere na hydration ciment na-abụkarị. ihe na-erughị 30%, karịa 90% dịka ọ na-emekarị. N'iji teknụzụ XRD na-amụ iwu mmepe nke microstructure elu nke ceramic tile adhesive mortar na usoro nke siri ike, a chọpụtara na a na-ebuga ụfọdụ obere ciment n'akụkụ elu nke ihe nlele ahụ na ihicha nke pore. ngwọta. Iji kwado echiche a, a na-eme nyocha ọzọ site na iji simenti siri ike ma ọ bụ nkume nzu ka mma kama iji ciment a na-ejibu eme ihe, bụ nke akwadoro site n'ikuku oke ọnụ XRD absorption nke ọ bụla sample na nzu / silica ájá nha nkesa nke ikpeazụ siri ike. ahu. Nnwale nyocha nke eletrọnịkị eletrọnịkị (SEM) gosiri na CE na PVA kwagara n'oge mmiri mmiri na okirikiri akọrọ, ebe emulsion rọba emeghị. Dabere na nke a, o chekwara ụdị hydration na-adịghị akwado nke oyi oyi akwa CE gbanwetụrụ maka ihe nkedo seramiiki.

Akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa akọpụtabeghị ka e si arụ ọrụ hydration nke ụrọ polymer n'ụdị oyi akwa dị mkpa, ma ọ bụ nkesa mbara igwe nke polymers dị iche iche na akwa ngwa agha ahụ egosipụtabeghị wee tụọ ya site n'ụzọ dị iche iche. N'ụzọ doro anya, usoro hydration na usoro nhazi microstructure nke CE-mortar system n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke mfu mmiri ngwa ngwa dị nnọọ iche na ngwa agha nkịtị dị ugbu a. Ọmụmụ nke usoro hydration pụrụ iche na usoro nhazi microstructure nke oyi akwa CE gbanwere ngwa agha ga-akwalite ngwa teknụzụ ngwa nke oyi akwa CE gbanwere ngwa agha, dị ka mgbidi plasta mgbidi, putty, ngwa agha nkwonkwo na ihe ndị ọzọ.

4. Enwere nsogbu

4.1 Mmetụta nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ na cellulose ether gbanwetụrụ ngwa agha

Ihe ngwọta CE nke ụdị dị iche iche ga-gel na okpomọkụ ha kpọmkwem, usoro gel na-agbanwe kpamkpam. The reversible thermal gelation nke CE pụrụ iche. N'ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ciment, isi ojiji nke viscosity nke CE na njigide mmiri kwekọrọ na ihe mmanu mmanu, na viscosity na gel okpomọkụ nwere mmekọrịta kpọmkwem, n'okpuru gel okpomọkụ, na-ebelata okpomọkụ, elu viscosity nke CE, ka mma na-arụ ọrụ njigide mmiri kwekọrọ.

N'otu oge ahụ, solubility nke ụdị CE dị iche iche na okpomọkụ dị iche iche abụghị otu kpamkpam. Dị ka methyl cellulose soluble na mmiri oyi, na-adịghị edozi na mmiri ọkụ; Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ soluble na mmiri oyi, ọ bụghị mmiri ọkụ. Ma mgbe ngwọta mmiri nke methyl cellulose na methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose na-ekpo ọkụ, methyl cellulose na methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ga-ebuli elu. Methyl cellulose precipitated na 45 ~ 60 ℃, na agwakọta etherized methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose precipitated mgbe okpomọkụ na-abawanye na 65 ~ 80 ℃ na okpomọkụ ebelata, precipitated agbaze. Hydroxyethyl cellulose na sodium hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ soluble na mmiri n'oge ọ bụla okpomọkụ.

N'iji CE n'ezie, onye edemede ahụ chọpụtakwara na ikike ijide mmiri nke CE na-ebelata ngwa ngwa na okpomọkụ dị ala (5 ℃), nke a na-egosipụtakarị na mbelata ngwa ngwa nke ịrụ ọrụ n'oge oyi, yana agbakwunyere CE ọzọ. . Ihe kpatara ihe a abụghị ihe doro anya ugbu a. Enwere ike ime nyocha ahụ site na mgbanwe nke solubility nke ụfọdụ CE na mmiri dị ala, nke a ga-eme iji hụ na ịdị mma nke ihe owuwu n'oge oyi.

4.2 Afụ na mkpochapụ nke cellulose ether

CE na-ewebata ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke afụ. N'otu aka ahụ, otu obere afụ na-edozi ahụ na-enyere aka ịrụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha, dị ka ịkwalite nrụpụta ngwa agha na ịkwalite nguzogide ntu oyi na ịdịte aka nke ngwa agha. Kama nke ahụ, nnukwu afụ na-emebi ntu oyi nke ngwa agha ahụ na ịdịte aka.

Mgbe a na-agwakọta ngwa ngwa na mmiri, a na-emegharị ngwa ngwa ahụ, a na-ebute ikuku n'ime ngwa ngwa a gwakọtara ọhụrụ, na ikuku mmiri na-ekpuchi ikuku ka ọ ghọọ afụ. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke viscosity dị ala nke ngwọta, afụ ndị ahụ na-ebili n'ihi ihe na-egbuke egbuke ma na-agbaga n'elu ngwọta ahụ. Afụ ndị ahụ na-esi n'elu pụta na ikuku dị n'èzí, na ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri na-akwaga n'elu ga-emepụta ọdịiche nrụgide n'ihi ọrụ ike ndọda. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ ga-adị ntakịrị ka oge na-aga, n'ikpeazụkwa, egosipụta ga-agbawa. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi nnukwu viscosity nke ngwa agha a gwakọtara ọhụrụ mgbe ọ gbakwụnyechara CE, nkezi ọnụego nke mmiri mmiri na-esi na fim mmiri ahụ na-ebelata, nke mere na ihe nkiri mmiri ahụ adịghị mfe ịdị nro; N'otu oge ahụ, mmụba nke viscosity ngwa agha ga-ebelata ọnụego mgbasa nke molecules surfactant, nke bara uru na nkwụsi ike ụfụfụ. Nke a na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke egosipụtara n'ime ngwa agha nọrọ n'ime ngwa agha ahụ.

Esemokwu dị n'elu na esemokwu interfacial nke ngwọta mmiri na-ejedebe Al brand CE na 1% mkpokọta mkpokọta na 20 ℃. CE nwere mmetụta ntinye ikuku na ngwa ngwa ciment. Mmetụta ntinye ikuku nke CE na-enwe mmetụta na-adịghị mma na ike nrụpụta mgbe a na-ebute nnukwu afụ.

Ihe defoamer na ngwa ngwa nwere ike igbochi nguzobe ụfụfụ nke ojiji CE kpatara, ma bibie ụfụfụ ahụ emepụtara. Usoro ya na-eme bụ: onye na-emepụta ihe na-abanye n'ime ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri, na-ebelata viscosity nke mmiri mmiri, na-emepụta interface ọhụrụ na viscosity dị ala, na-eme ka ihe nkiri mmiri na-efunahụ ya, na-eme ka usoro nke exudation mmiri dịkwuo elu, na n'ikpeazụ na-eme ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri. mkpa na mgbawa. The powder defoamer nwere ike ibelata ọdịnaya gas nke ngwa ngwa agwakọta ọhụrụ, na e nwere hydrocarbons, stearic acid na ya ester, trietyl phosphate, polyethylene glycol ma ọ bụ polysiloxane adsorbed na inorganic ebu. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, defoamer ntụ ntụ a na-eji na ngwa ngwa agwakọta akọrọ bụ polyols na polysiloxane.

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọ na na mgbakwunye na imezi ọdịnaya nke afụ, ngwa nke defoamer nwekwara ike ibelata shrinkage, ma ụdị defoamer dị iche iche nwekwara nsogbu ndakọrịta na mgbanwe okpomọkụ mgbe ejiri ya na CE, ndị a bụ ọnọdụ ndị a ga-edozi na ya. ojiji nke CE gbanwetụrụ ejiji ngwa agha.

4.3 Ndakọrịta n'etiti cellulose ether na ihe ndị ọzọ na ngwa agha

A na-ejikarị CE na admixtures ndị ọzọ na ngwa ngwa agwakọta akọrọ, dị ka defoamer, mmiri na-ebelata mmiri, ntụ ntụ ntụ, wdg. Ihe ndị a na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche na ngwa agha n'otu n'otu. Iji mụọ ndakọrịta CE na ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ bụ ntọala nke iji akụrụngwa ndị a rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.

Ngwa ngwa agwakọta akọrọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-ebelata mmiri bụ: casein, lignin usoro mmiri na-ebelata mmiri, ihe na-ebelata mmiri naphthalene, melamine formaldehyde condensation, polycarboxylic acid. Casein bụ ezigbo superplasticizer, ọkachasị maka ngwa agha dị mkpa, mana n'ihi na ọ bụ ngwaahịa sitere n'okike, ịdịmma na ọnụahịa na-agbanwekarị. Ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri Lignin gụnyere sodium lignosulfonate (sodium osisi), calcium osisi, magnesium osisi. Naphthalene usoro mbelata mmiri na-ejikarị Lou. Naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, melamine formaldehyde condensates bụ ezigbo superplasticizers, ma mmetụta na mkpa ngwa agha dị oke. Polycarboxylic acid bụ teknụzụ emepụtara ọhụrụ nke nwere arụmọrụ dị elu yana enweghị ikuku formaldehyde. N'ihi na CE na nkịtị naphthalene usoro superplasticizer ga-eme ka coagulation ime ka ihe ngwakọta hapụ workability, otú ọ dị mkpa na-ahọrọ na-abụghị naphthalene usoro superplasticizer na engineering. Ọ bụ ezie na e nweela ọmụmụ gbasara mmetụta nke CE modified mortar na dị iche iche admixtures, a ka nwere ọtụtụ nghọtahie a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ihi ụdị admixtures dị iche iche na CE na ole na ole ọmụmụ banyere usoro mmekọrịta, na ọtụtụ ule dị mkpa iji mee ihe. bulie ya elu.

5. Nkwubi okwu

Ọrụ CE na ngwa agha na-egosipụtakarị na ikike njigide mmiri dị mma, mmetụta na nkwụsi ike na ihe thixotropic nke ngwa agha yana ngbanwe nke akụrụngwa rheological. Na mgbakwunye na inye ngwa agha arụ ọrụ nke ọma, CE nwekwara ike ibelata ntọhapụ okpomọkụ nke simenti n'oge ma na-egbu oge usoro hydration ike nke ciment. Usoro nyocha nke ngwa agha dị iche iche dabere na oge ngwa dị iche iche.

A na-eme ọtụtụ ọmụmụ banyere microstructure nke CE na ngwa agha dị ka usoro ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri na-emepụta morphology na mba ofesi, mana ruo ugbu a, ọ nweghị ụzọ ọ bụla iji kọwaa ọnụọgụ na qualitatively ịdị adị nke microstructure polymer dị iche iche na ngwa agha. .

A na-etinye ngwa ngwa CE gbanwetụrụ n'ụdị ngwa agha oyi akwa dị mkpa n'ime ngwa ngwa agwakọta akọrọ kwa ụbọchị (dị ka ihe mgbochi brik ihu, putty, ngwa ngwa oyi akwa, wdg). Ihe owuwu a pụrụ iche na-esonyere ya na nsogbu nke mfu mmiri ngwa ngwa nke ngwa agha. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, nyocha bụ isi na-elekwasị anya na mgbochi brik ihu, ma enwere ọmụmụ ole na ole gbasara ụdị akwa akwa CE ndị ọzọ gbanwere ngwa agha.

Ya mere, n'ọdịnihu, ọ dị mkpa iji mee ngwa ngwa nyocha na usoro hydration Layered cellulose ether modified mortar in the thin Layer Ọdịdị na iwu nkesa mbara igwe nke polymer n'ime ngwa agha oyi akwa n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ngwa ngwa mfu mmiri. N'ime ngwa bara uru, ekwesịrị ịtụle mmetụta nke cellulose ether modified mortar na mgbanwe okpomọkụ na ndakọrịta ya na admixtures ndị ọzọ. Ọrụ nyocha emetụtara ga-akwalite mmepe teknụzụ ngwa nke ngwa igwe gbanwetụrụ CE dị ka ngwa agha plasta mgbidi mpụga, putty, ngwa agha nkwonkwo na ngwa ngwa ndị ọzọ dị mkpa.