HEC maka ịkwọ mmanụ

A na-eji hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe maka ihe ndị magburu onwe ya nke ịgbatị, nkwusioru, mgbasa na njigide mmiri. Karịsịa n'ọhịa mmanụ, HEC ejirila na-egwupụta ihe, mmecha, ịrụ ọrụ na usoro mgbawa, tumadi dị ka onye na-agba mmiri na brine, na ọtụtụ ngwa ndị ọzọ.

HECNjirimara iji mmanụ ala

(1) Nkwenye nnu:

HEC nwere ezigbo nnabata nnu maka electrolytes. Dị ka HEC bụ ihe na-abụghị nke ionic, ọ gaghị emepụta ionized na mmiri mmiri na ọ gaghị emepụta mmiri ozuzo n'ihi ọnụnọ dị elu nke nnu na usoro, na-eme ka mgbanwe nke viscosity ya pụta.

HEC na-eme ka ọtụtụ ihe ngwọta monovalent na bivalent electrolyte dị elu, ebe ndị na-ejikọta fiber anionic dị ka CMC na-emepụta nnu nke ụfọdụ ion ígwè. N'ime ngwa mmanụ, HEC adịghị emetụta ya kpamkpam site na ike mmiri na ntinye nnu na-enwekwa ike ime ka mmiri dị arọ nke nwere nnukwu zinc na ion calcium. Ọ bụ naanị aluminom sulfate nwere ike ịkpalite ya. Mmetụta siri ike nke HEC na mmiri ọhụrụ yana NaCl, CaCl2 na ZnBr2CaBr2 arọ electrolyte.

Nkwenye nnu a na-enye HEC ohere iji rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepe nke ọma na nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri.

(2) Viscosity na ọnụ ọgụgụ shii:

Mmiri-soluble HEC na-agbaze na ma mmiri ọkụ na mmiri oyi, na-emepụta viscosity na ịmepụta plastik adịgboroja. Ngwọta mmiri ya na-arụ ọrụ n'elu ma na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụfụfụ. Ngwọta nke ọkara na elu viscosity HEC na-eji n'ozuzu mmanụ mmanụ abụghị Newtonian, na-egosi ọkwa dị elu nke pseudoplastic, na viscosity na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ shear. Na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala, a na-ahazi mkpụrụ ndụ HEC na-enweghị usoro, na-akpata tangles yinye na viscosity dị elu, nke na-eme ka viscosity dịkwuo mma: na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu, ụmụ irighiri ihe na-adabere na ntụziaka na-asọpụta, na-ebelata iguzogide mmiri, na viscosity na-ebelata na mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ shear.

Site n'ọtụtụ nnwale, Union Carbide (UCC) kwubiri na omume rheological nke mmiri na-egwupụta mmiri adịghị adị ma enwere ike igosipụta ya site na iwu ike:

Nchekasị nke ọma = K (ọnụọgụ shear) n

Ebe, n bụ viscosity dị irè nke ngwọta na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala (1s-1).

N na-adaba n'otu n'otu na itu mmiri. .

Na injinia apịtị, k na n bara uru mgbe ị na-agbakọ viscosity mmiri dị irè n'okpuru ọnọdụ ala. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ewepụtala ụkpụrụ maka k na n mgbe ejiri HEC (4400cps) mee ihe dị ka ihe na-egwupụta ụrọ (tebụl 2). Tebụl a na-emetụta mkpokọta HEC niile na mmiri ọhụrụ na nnu (0.92kg / 1 nacL). Site na tebụl a, enwere ike ịchọta ọnụ ahịa ndị kwekọrọ na ọkara (100-200rpm) na obere (15-30rpm).

Ngwa nke HEC na mmanụ mmanụ

(1) Mmiri mmiri mmiri

HEC gbakwụnyere mmiri mmiri na-egwuputa ihe na-ejikarị na-egwupụta nkume siri ike yana n'ọnọdụ pụrụ iche dị ka nchịkwa mmiri na-ekesa, oke mmiri na-efunahụ, nrụgide na-adịghị mma, na nhazi nke shale na-enweghị isi. Nsonaazụ ngwa ahụ dịkwa mma na mkpọpu na nnukwu oghere.

N'ihi ịdị arọ ya, nkwusioru na mmanu mmanu, HEC nwere ike iji mee ihe na-egwupụta apịtị iji mee ka ígwè dị jụụ na ịkụ osisi, ma weta igbutu pests n'elu, na-eme ka nkume na-ebu ike nke apịtị. A na-eji ya na Shengli oilfield dị ka olulu mmiri na-agbasa ma na-ebu mmiri nwere mmetụta dị ịrịba ama ma tinye ya n'ọrụ. Na downhole, mgbe na-ezute nnọọ elu shiee ọnụego, n'ihi na pụrụ iche rheological omume nke HEC, viscosity nke mkpọpu mmiri mmiri nwere ike na mpaghara nso na viscosity nke mmiri. N'otu aka ahụ, a na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpọpu dị mma, na ntakịrị ihe adịghị mfe ikpo ọkụ, na ndụ ọrụ nke bit na-adị ogologo. N'aka nke ọzọ, oghere ndị a gwupụtara dị ọcha ma nwee nnukwu ikike. Karịsịa na usoro nkume siri ike, mmetụta a doro anya, nwere ike ịchekwa ọtụtụ ihe. .

A na-ekwenyekarị na ike a chọrọ maka ịgbasa mmiri mmiri n'otu ọnụego na-adabere na viscosity nke mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta ihe, na iji HEC na-egwupụta mmiri mmiri nwere ike ibelata esemokwu hydrodynamic nke ukwuu, si otú ahụ na-ebelata mkpa maka mgbapụta mgbapụta. Ya mere, a na-ebelatakwa mmetụta nke ọnwụ nke mgbasa ozi. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, enwere ike ibelata mmalite mmalite mgbe okirikiri ahụ maliteghachiri mgbe emechibidoro.

A na-eji ngwọta potassium chloride nke HEC mee ihe dị ka mmiri na-egwupụta ihe iji kwalite nkwụsi ike nke olulu mmiri. A na-edobe nhazi ahụ na-ezighi ezi na steeti kwụsiri ike iji mee ka ihe mkpuchi dị mfe. Mmiri a na-egwupụta ihe na-eme ka ikike ibu nkume dịkwuo mma ma na-egbochi mgbasa nke ịkpụ.

HEC nwere ike melite adhesion ọbụna na electrolyte ngwọta. Mmiri saline nwere sodium ion, calcium ion, ion chloride na bromine na-ezutekarị n'ime mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta ihe. A na-eji HEC eme ka mmiri a na-egwupụta ihe na-ejupụta, nke nwere ike idobe gel solubility na ikike ebuli viscosity dị mma n'ime oke ntinye nnu na ịdị arọ nke ogwe aka mmadụ. Ọ nwere ike igbochi mmebi nke mpaghara na-emepụta ma na-abawanye ọnụego mkpọpu na mmepụta mmanụ.

Iji HEC nwekwara ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ ọnwụ mmiri nke apịtị n'ozuzu ya. Meziwanye nkwụsi ike nke apịtị. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye HEC dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na saline bentonite slurry na-enweghị ike ịgbasa iji belata mfu mmiri ma mee ka viscosity dịkwuo elu na-enweghị ike gel. N'otu oge ahụ, itinye HEC na-egwupụta apịtị nwere ike wepụ mgbasa nke ụrọ ma gbochie ịdaba nke ọma. Ịrụ ọrụ nke akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ hydration nke apịtị shale na mgbidi olulu mmiri, na mkpuchi mkpuchi nke ogologo ogologo nke HEC na mgbidi mgbidi mgbidi na-ewusi usoro nkume ahụ ike ma mee ka ọ sie ike ịmịnye mmiri na spalling, na-akpata ọdịda. N'ụdị dị elu nke permeability, ihe mgbakwunye mmiri na-efunahụ dị ka calcium carbonate, resins hydrocarbon ahọpụtara ma ọ bụ ọka nnu na-edozi mmiri nwere ike ịdị irè, ma n'ọnọdụ dị oke njọ, nnukwu ntinye nke ngwọta nkwụsị mmiri na-efunahụ (ya bụ, na gbọmgbọm ọ bụla nke ngwọta) enwere ike iji

HEC 1.3-3.2kg) iji gbochie mfu mmiri n'ime mpaghara mmepụta.

A pụkwara iji HEC mee ihe dị ka gel nchebe na-enweghị atụ na-egwupụta apịtị maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọma na maka nrụgide dị elu (nrụgide ikuku 200) na nha okpomọkụ.

Uru nke iji HEC bụ na ịkụ ala na usoro mmecha nwere ike iji otu apịtị ahụ, belata ịdabere na ndị ọzọ na-ekesa, diluents na PH regulators, mmiri mmiri njikwa na nchekwa dị nnọọ adaba.

(2.) Mmiri na-agbaji:

N'ime mmiri na-agbaji agbaji, HEC nwere ike ibuli viscosity, na HEC n'onwe ya enweghị mmetụta na oyi akwa mmanụ, agaghị egbochi mgbawa glume, nwere ike ịgbaji nke ọma. Ọ nwekwara otu njirimara dị ka mmiri mgbawa nke dabere na mmiri, dị ka ike nkwusioru ájá siri ike na obere nguzogide esemokwu. Ngwakọta mmanya na-aba n'anya nke 0.1-2%, nke HEC na-agbapụta na nnu ndị ọzọ iodized dị ka potassium, sodium na lead, na-agbanye n'ime mmanụ ahụ nke ọma na nrụgide dị elu maka mgbawa, ma weghachite mmiri ahụ n'ime awa 48. Mmiri na-agbaji mmiri na-eme ka mmiri na-emepụta na HEC nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe fọdụrụ mgbe mmanya na-egbu ya, karịsịa na nhazi nke nwere obere permeability nke na-enweghị ike ịpụpụ nke fọdụrụnụ. N'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline, a na-emepụta mgbagwoju anya na manganese chloride, ọla kọpa chloride, ọla kọpa nitrate, ọla kọpa sulfate na ngwọta dichromate, a na-ejikwa ya maka proppant na-ebu mmiri na-agbaji. Ojiji nke HEC nwere ike izere viscosity ọnwụ n'ihi na elu downhole okpomọkụ, na-agbaji mmanụ, ma ka na-enweta ezi ihe na Wells elu karịa 371 C. N'ime ala ala, HEC adịghị mfe ire ere ma na-akawanye njọ, na ihe fọdụrụ dị ala. yabụ na ọ gaghị egbochi ụzọ mmanụ, na-ebute mmetọ n'okpuru ala. N'ihe gbasara arụmọrụ, ọ ka mma karịa gluu a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mgbawa, dị ka ndị ọkachamara n'ọhịa. Phillips Petroleum tụlekwara ihe mejupụtara ethers cellulose dị ka carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose na methyl cellulose, wee kpebie na HEC bụ ihe ngwọta kacha mma.

Mgbe ejiri mmiri na-agbaji na 0.6% isi mmiri HEC ntinye na ọla kọpa sulfate crosslinking agent na Daqing oilfield na China, e kwubiri na e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọzọ eke adhesions, ojiji nke HEC na-agbaji mmiri mmiri nwere uru nke "(1) na Mmiri isi adịghị mfe ire ere mgbe edozichara ya, a pụkwara itinye ya ogologo oge; (2) nke fọdụrụ dị ala. Na nke ikpeazụ bụ isi ihe maka HEC ka a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmanụ na-agbaji na mba ọzọ.

(3.) Mmecha na arụ ọrụ:

Mmiri mmecha dị ala nke HEC na-egbochi ụmụ irighiri apịtị igbochi ebe nchekwa mmiri ka ọ na-abịaru nso na ọdọ mmiri ahụ. Ihe ndị dị na mmiri na-efunahụ na-egbochikwa nnukwu mmiri ịbanye n'ime mmiri site na apịtị ahụ iji hụ na ebe nchekwa ahụ na-arụpụta ike.

HEC na-ebelata ụrọ apịtị, nke na-ebelata nrụgide mgbapụta ma belata oriri ike. Ọkacha mma nnu solubility ya na-ahụkwa na ọ nweghị mmiri ozuzo mgbe acid na-eme mmanụ Wells.

Na mmecha na ntinye aka, a na-eji viscosity HEC na-ebufe gravel. Ịgbakwunye 0.5-1kg HEC kwa gbọmgbọm nke mmiri na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike iburu gravel na gravel site na olulu mmiri, na-eme ka radial dị mma na nkesa nkesa ogologo oge. Mwepụ nke polima na-esote na-eme ka usoro iwepụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ dị mfe na njedebe. N'oge ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe, ọnọdụ mgbada na-achọ ihe ndozi iji gbochie apịtị ịlaghachi n'isi olulu mmiri n'oge a na-egwupụta ihe na ịrụ ọrụ na mfu mmiri na-ekesa. N'okwu a, enwere ike iji ihe ngwọta HEC dị elu mee ihe ngwa ngwa na-agbanye 1.3-3.2kg nke HEC kwa gbọmgbọm mmiri na-agbada. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, n'ọnọdụ ndị dị oke njọ, ihe dị ka 23kg nke HEC nwere ike itinye n'ime gbọmgbọm mmanụ dizel ọ bụla ma gbadaa ogwe osisi ahụ, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbanye ya ka ọ na-ejikọta ya na mmiri nkume n'ime oghere.

Enwere ike iweghachi ikike nke cores ájá jupụtara na ngwọta millidarcy 500 na ntinye nke 0. 68 kg HEC kwa gbọmgbọm nwere ike iweghachi ihe karịrị 90% site na acidification na hydrochloric acid. Na mgbakwunye, mmiri mmiri mmecha nke HEC nwere calcium carbonate, nke sitere na 136ppm nke mmiri mmiri ndị okenye siri ike na-enweghị atụ, nwetara 98% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ seepage mgbe e wepụrụ achicha nzacha n'elu ihe nzacha site na acid.