Mmetụta nke ihe ngbanwe na ịdị arọ nke molecular na Njirimara elu nke Nonionic Cellulose Ether

Dị ka Washburn's impregnation tiori (Penetration Theory) na van Oss-Good-Chaudhury's Nchikota Theory (Combining Theory) na ngwa nke columnar wick technology (Column Wicking Technique), ọtụtụ ndị na-abụghị ionic cellulose ethers, dị ka methyl cellulose The elu Njirimara nke. A nwalere cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. N'ihi ngbanwe dị iche iche, ogo nke nnọchi na nha molekụla nke ethers cellulose ndị a, ike elu ha na ihe mejupụtara ya dị nnọọ iche. Ihe omuma a gosiputara na isi Lewis nke cellulose ether na-abụghị ionic buru ibu karia Lewis acid, na isi ihe nke ike n'elu elu bu ike Lifshitz-van der Waals. Ike elu nke hydroxypropyl na ihe mejupụtara ya karịrị nke hydroxymethyl. N'okpuru premise nke otu nnọchi na ogo nke nnọchi, elu free ike nke hydroxypropyl cellulose bụ nhata na molekụla arọ; ebe elu free ume nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ nhata na ogo nke nnọchi na inversely nhata na molekụla arọ. Nnwale ahụ chọpụtakwara na elu ike nke substituent hydroxypropyl na hydroxypropylmethyl na-abụghị ionic cellulose ether yiri ka elu ike nke cellulose, na nnwale na-egosi na elu ume nke cellulose a nwalere na ya mejupụtara The data bụ. kwekọrọ na akwụkwọ.

Isi okwu: nonionic cellulose ethers; nnọchi na ogo nke nnọchi; arọ molekụla; Njirimara elu; teknụzụ wick

Cellulose ether bụ nnukwu ụdị nke mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose, nke nwere ike kewaa n'ime anionic, cationic na nonionic ethers dị ka usoro kemịkalụ nke ether ha na-anọchi anya. Cellulose ether bụkwa otu n'ime ngwaahịa mbụ emere nyocha wee mepụta na kemịkalụ polymer. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eji cellulose ether eme ihe na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, ịdị ọcha, ihe ịchọ mma na ụlọ ọrụ nri.

Ọ bụ ezie na ethers cellulose, dị ka hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose na hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, ka emepụtara na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe onwunwe ha ka a na-amụba, ike elu ha, acid Alkali-reactive properties ka akọpụtabeghị ruo ugbu a. Ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ngwaahịa ndị a na-eji na mmiri mmiri na gburugburu ebe obibi, na elu e ji mara, karịsịa acid-base mmeghachi omume àgwà, yiri ka ọ na-emetụta ha ojiji, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa na-amụ na-aghọta n'elu chemical e ji mara nke a azụmahịa cellulose ether .

N'iburu n'uche na ihe atụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose dị nnọọ mfe ịgbanwe na mgbanwe nke ọnọdụ nkwadebe, akwụkwọ a na-eji ngwaahịa azụmahịa dị ka ihe atụ iji mara ike elu ha, ma dabere na nke a, mmetụta nke ihe ndị na-anọchi anya na ihe dị arọ nke ngwaahịa ndị dị otú ahụ n'elu. A na-amụ ihe onwunwe.

1. Akụkụ nnwale

1.1 Akụrụngwa

The na-abụghị ionic cellulose ether eji na nnwale bụ ngwaahịa nkeỤlọ ọrụ KIMA CHEMICAL CO., LTD, Edobeghị ihe nlele ahụ na ọgwụgwọ ọ bụla tupu nnwale.

N'iburu n'uche na a na-eji cellulose eme ihe na-emepụta cellulose, akụkụ abụọ ahụ dị nso, a na-akọkwa ihe ndị dị n'elu nke cellulose na akwụkwọ, ya mere akwụkwọ a na-eji cellulose eme ihe dị ka ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ. Ihe nlele cellulose ejiri bụ koodu akpọrọ C8002 wee zụta yaKIMA, CN. Edoghị ihe nlele ahụ na ọgwụgwọ ọ bụla n'oge ule ahụ.

Ihe reagents ejiri mee nnwale ahụ bụ: ethane, diodomethane, mmiri deionized, formamide, toluene, chloroform. Mmiri niile bụ ngwaahịa dị ọcha ma ewezuga mmiri nke dị na ahịa.

1.2 Usoro nnwale

N'ime nnwale a, a nabatara usoro wicking kọlụm, na ngalaba (ihe dị ka 10 cm) nke pipette ọkọlọtọ nke nwere dayameta dị n'ime nke 3 mm dị ka tube kọlụm. Tinye 200 mg nke ntụ ntụ n'ime tube kọlụm n'oge ọ bụla, wee maa jijiji ka ọ mee ka ọ bụrụ ọbụna ma tinye ya na ala nke iko iko nke nwere dayameta dị n'ime nke ihe dịka 3 cm, ka mmiri wee nwee ike ịmịnye ya ozugbo. Were 1 ml nke mmiri mmiri a ga-anwale ma tinye ya n'ime akpa iko, wee dekọọ oge imi mmiri t na anya imi X n'otu oge ahụ. Emere nnwale niile na ụlọ okpomọkụ (25±1°C). Nke ọ bụla data bụ nkezi nke atọ oyiri nnwale.

1.3 Ngụkọta data nnwale

Usoro ihe ndabere maka itinye usoro wicking kọlụm iji nwalee ike elu nke ihe ntụ ntụ bụ nha nke impregnation Washburn (Washburn penetration equation).

1.3.1 Mkpebi nke radius capillary dị irè Reff nke ihe atụ tụrụ

Mgbe ị na-etinye usoro immersion nke Washburn, ọnọdụ maka inweta mmiri mmiri zuru oke bụ cos=1. Nke a pụtara na mgbe a na-ahọrọ mmiri mmiri ka ọ banye n'ime ihe siri ike iji nweta ọnọdụ mmiri zuru oke, anyị nwere ike gbakọọ radius Reff nke capillary dị irè nke ihe atụ a tụrụ atụ site n'inyocha anya nmikpu na oge dịka ihe pụrụ iche nke usoro immersion Washburn si dị.

1.3.2 Lifshitz-van der Waals ike mgbako maka nlele tụrụ

Dị ka van Oss-Chaudhury-Good na-ejikọta iwu, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mmeghachi omume n'etiti mmiri mmiri na ihe siri ike.

1.3.3 Ngụkọta ike Lewis acid-base nke nlele atụpụtara

N'ozuzu, a na-eme atụmatụ njirimara acid-base nke siri ike site na data ejiri mmiri na foramide mee ihe. Ma n'isiokwu a, anyị chọpụtara na ọ dịghị nsogbu mgbe a na-eji nke a ụzọ polar liquids tụọ cellulose, ma na ule nke cellulose ether, n'ihi na imikpu elu nke polar ngwọta usoro nke mmiri / formamide na cellulose ether dị oke ala. , na-eme ka ndekọ oge sie ike. Ya mere, a họọrọ usoro ngwọta toluene/chloroform nke Chibowsk webatara. Dị ka Chibowski si kwuo, usoro ngwọta polar toluene/chloroform bụkwa nhọrọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mmiri mmiri abụọ a nwere acidity pụrụ iche na alkalinity, dịka ọmụmaatụ, toluene enweghị Lewis acidity, na chloroform enweghị alkalinity Lewis. Iji nweta data enwetara site na toluene / chloroform solution system nso na usoro mmiri mmiri / formamide a na-atụ aro, anyị na-eji sistemu mmiri mmiri abụọ a na-anwale cellulose n'otu oge, wee nweta mgbasawanye ma ọ bụ nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta kwekọrọ. tupu itinye ihe data enwetara site na impregnating cellulose ether na toluene / chloroform dị nso na nkwubi okwu enwetara maka usoro mmiri / formamide. Ebe ọ bụ na ethers cellulose sitere na cellulose na enwere usoro yiri nke ahụ n'etiti abụọ ahụ, usoro ntule a nwere ike ịdị irè.

1.3.4 Ngụkọta mkpokọta ike efu n'elu

2. Nsonaazụ na mkparịta ụka

2.1 Cellulose ọkọlọtọ

Ebe ọ bụ na nsonaazụ ule anyị na ihe nlele ọkọlọtọ cellulose chọpụtara na data ndị a dị n'ezigbo nkwekọrịta na ndị a kọrọ na akwụkwọ, ọ bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya ikwere na a ga-atụlekwa nsonaazụ ule na cellulose ethers.

2.2 Nsonaazụ ule na mkparịta ụka nke cellulose ether

N'oge ule nke cellulose ether, ọ na-esiri ike ịdekọ ebe dị anya na oge nmikpu n'ihi oke nmikpu dị ala nke mmiri na foramide. Ya mere, akwụkwọ a na-ahọrọ usoro ngwọta toluene / chloroform dị ka ihe ngwọta ọzọ, ma na-eme atụmatụ Lewis acidity nke cellulose ether dabere na nyocha nke mmiri / formamide na toluene / chloroform na cellulose na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti usoro ngwọta abụọ ahụ. na ike alkaline.

N'iji cellulose dị ka ihe atụ ọkọlọtọ, a na-enye usoro nke njirimara acid-base nke cellulose ethers. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-anwale nsonaazụ cellulose ether na toluene/chloroform ozugbo, ọ na-ekweta.

Nke a pụtara na ụdị na molekụla arọ nke substituents na-emetụta acid-base Njirimara nke cellulose ether, na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti abụọ substituents, hydroxypropyl na hydroxypropylmethyl, na acid-base Njirimara nke cellulose ether na molekul arọ kpamkpam megidere. Mana ọ nwekwara ike ịmetụta eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị omeiwu bụ ndị nnọchi anya agwakọta.

Ebe ọ bụ na ndị nọchiri anya MO43 na K8913 dị iche iche ma nwee otu nha molekụla, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe nnọchi nke mbụ bụ hydroxymethyl na ihe nnọchi nke ikpeazụ bụ hydroxypropyl, mana ịdị arọ nke molekul nke abụọ bụ 100,000, yabụ ọ pụtakwara na N'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, S+ na S- nke otu hydroxymethyl nwere ike ịdị ntakịrị karịa otu hydroxypropyl. Ma ogo nke nnọchi nwekwara ike, n'ihi na ogo nke nnọchi nke K8913 bụ banyere 3.00, mgbe nke MO43 bụ naanị 1,90.

Ebe ọ bụ na ogo nke nnọchi na nnọchi nke K8913 na K9113 bụ otu ma naanị molekụla arọ dị iche iche, ntụnyere n'etiti abụọ na-egosi na S + nke hydroxypropyl cellulose mbelata na-abawanye nke molekul arọ, ma S- na-abawanye na megidere. .

Site na nchịkọta nke nsonaazụ ule nke ike elu nke cellulose ethers na akụkụ ha, enwere ike ịhụ na ma ọ bụ cellulose ma ọ bụ cellulose ether, ihe bụ isi nke ike elu ha bụ Lifshitz-van der Waals Force, na-aza ajụjụ maka. ihe dịka 98% ~ 99%. Ọzọkwa, ndị agha Lifshitz-van der Waals nke ndị a nonionic cellulose ethers (ma e wezụga MO43) dịkwa ukwuu karịa nke cellulose, nke na-egosi na usoro etherification nke cellulose bụkwa usoro nke ịba ụba nke ndị agha Lifshitz-van der Waals. Na mmụba ndị a na-eduga na ike elu nke cellulose ether dị ukwuu karịa nke cellulose. Ihe omume a na-adọrọ mmasị nke ukwuu n'ihi na a na-ejikarị ethers cellulose eme ihe na mmepụta nke surfactants. Mana data ahụ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama, ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi na data gbasara ụkpụrụ ntụaka a nwalere na nnwale a na-adaba n'ụzọ zuru oke na ọnụ ahịa a kọrọ na akwụkwọ, data gbasara ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ na-adabara nke ukwuu na ọnụ ahịa a kọrọ na akwụkwọ, maka. ọmụmaatụ: cellulose ndị a niile SAB nke ethers dị ntakịrị karịa nke cellulose, nke a bụ n'ihi nnukwu ntọala Lewis ha. N'okpuru premise nke otu nnọchi na ogo nke nnọchi, elu free ike nke hydroxypropyl cellulose bụ nhata na molekụla arọ; ebe elu free ume nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ nhata na ogo nke nnọchi na inversely nhata na molekụla arọ.

Ke adianade do, n'ihi na cellulose ethers nwere ibu SLW karịa cellulose, ma anyị na-ama mara na ha dispersibility dị mma karịa cellulose, n'ihi ya, ọ pụrụ preliminarily weere na isi akụrụngwa nke SLW mejupụtara nonionic cellulose ethers kwesịrị London ike.

3. Nkwubi okwu

Nnyocha egosiwo na ụdị nnọchi, ogo nke nnọchi na ịdị arọ molekụla nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ike elu na ihe mejupụtara ether cellulose na-abụghị ionic. Na mmetụta a yiri ka ọ na-enwe mgbe niile:

(1) S+ nke cellulose ether na-abụghị ionic dị obere karịa S-.

(2) Ike elu nke nonionic cellulose ether bụ nke Lifshitz-van der Waals na-achị.

(3) Ibu arọ nke molecular na ihe ndị na-anọchi anya na-enwe mmetụta na ike elu nke ethers cellulose na-abụghị ionic, ma ọ na-adabere na ụdị ihe ndị ọzọ.

(4) N'okpuru premise nke otu nnọchi na ogo nke nnọchi, n'elu free ume nke hydroxypropyl cellulose bụ nhata na molekụla arọ; ebe elu free ume nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ nhata na ogo nke nnọchi na inversely nhata na molekụla arọ.

(5) Usoro etherification nke cellulose bụ usoro nke ike Lifshitz-van der Waals na-abawanye, ọ bụkwa usoro nke Lewis acidity na-ebelata na Lewis alkalinity na-abawanye.