CMC Cellulose na Njirimara Ọdịdị Ya

Iji cellulose ahịhịa mee ihe dị ka akụrụngwa, etherification gbanwere ya. Site na otu ihe na ule ntụgharị, a na-ekpebi ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka nkwadebe nke carboxymethyl cellulose: oge ​​etherification 100min, okpomọkụ etherification 70.℃, NaOH usoro onunu ogwu 3.2g na monochloroacetic acid usoro onunu ogwu 3.0g, kacha nnọchi nke ogo bụ 0.53.

Isi okwu: CMCcellulose; monochloroacetic acid; etherification; mgbanwe

Carboxymethyl cellulosebụ ether cellulose kacha emepụta na ere n'ụwa. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ncha, nri, ntacha eze, textile, mbipụta na ịcha akwa, ime akwụkwọ, mmanụ ala, Ngwuputa, ọgwụ, ceramik, ngwa elektrọn, roba, agba, pesticides, ịchọ mma, akpụkpọ anụ, plastik na mkpọ mmanụ, wdg, mara. dị ka "ụlọ ọrụ monosodium glutamate". Carboxymethyl cellulose bụ ether cellulose ether nwere soluble mmiri nke enwetara site n'ịgbanwe cellulose eke kemịkalụ. Cellulose, bụ́ isi akụrụngwa maka mmepụta nke carboxymethyl cellulose, bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị sitere n'okike na-ebuwanye ibu n'ụwa, na-emepụta ọtụtụ narị ijeri tọn kwa afọ. obodo m bụ nnukwu obodo na-arụ ọrụ ugbo na otu n'ime mba ndị nwere ahịhịa ahịhịa juru. Ahịhịa abụrụla otu n'ime mmanụ ọkụ maka ndị bi n'ime ime obodo. Emebebeghị ihe ndị a n'ụzọ ezi uche dị na ya ogologo oge, yana ihe na-erughị 2% nke mkpofu ugbo na ọhịa dịka ahịhịa na-eji n'ụwa kwa afọ. Osikapa bụ isi ihe ọkụkụ na-akụ akụ na ụba na mpaghara Heilongjiang, ebe a na-akụ ihe karịrị nde 2 hm2, ihe a na-emepụta kwa afọ nke nde tọn 14 nke osikapa, na tọn ahịhịa 11 nde. Ndị ọrụ ugbo n'ozuzu ha na-akpọ ha ọkụ ozugbo n'ubi dị ka ihe mkpofu, nke na-abụghị nanị nnukwu mkpofu nke ihe ndị sitere n'okike, kamakwa na-ebute oke mmetọ na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ya mere, ịmara na iji ahịhịa eme ihe bụ mkpa nke atụmatụ mmepe nke ọrụ ugbo.

1. Ihe nnwale na ụzọ

1.1 Ihe nnwale na akụrụngwa

Straw cellulose, nke a na-eme n'onwe ya na ụlọ nyocha; JJ～1 ụdị igwekota eletriki, Jintan Guowang Experimental Instrument Factory; SHZW2C ụdị RS-Igwe mgbapụta agụụ, Shanghai Pengfu Electromechanical Co., Ltd.; pHS-3C pH mita, Mettler-Toledo Co., Ltd.; DGG-9070A ọkụ eletrik na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe niile okpomọkụ ihicha oven, Beijing North Lihui Test Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd .; HITACHI-S ~ 3400N nyocha eletrọn microscope, Ngwa Hitachi; ethanol; sodium hydroxide; chloroacetic acid, wdg (reagents ndị dị n'elu dị ọcha nke nyocha).

1.2 Usoro nnwale

1.2.1 Nkwadebe nke carboxymethyl cellulose

(1) Usoro nkwadebe nke carboxymethyl cellulose: tụọ 2 g nke cellulose n'ime flask olu atọ, tinye 2.8 g nke NaOH, 20 ml nke 75% ethanol ngwọta, ma tinye na alkali na mmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe niile na 25.°C maka nkeji 80. Gwakọta ya na igwekota ka ị jikọta nke ọma. N'oge usoro a, cellulose na-emeghachi omume na ngwọta alkaline iji mepụta cellulose alkali. Na ọkwa etherification, tinye 10 ml nke 75% ethanol ngwọta na 3 g nke chloroacetic acid na flask olu atọ meghachiri omume n'elu, bulie okpomọkụ ruo 65-70.° C., ma meghachi omume maka nkeji iri isii. Tinye alkali maka oge nke abụọ, tinyezie 0.6g NaOH na flask mmeghachi omume dị n'elu iji mee ka okpomọkụ dị na 70.°C, na oge mmeghachi omume bụ 40min iji nweta crude Na-CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose).

Neutralization na ịsa: tinye 1moL·L-1 hydrochloric acid, na neutralize mmeghachi omume na ụlọ okpomọkụ ruo pH = 7 ~ 8. Mgbe ahụ, were ethanol 50% sachaa ugboro abụọ, were ethanol 95% saa otu ugboro, were mmiri yochaa, wee kpoo ya na 80-90.°C maka awa 2.

(2) Mkpebi nke ogo nke nnọchi ngbanwe: usoro mkpebi acidity mita: tụọ 0.2g (nke ziri ezi na 0.1mg) nke ihe nlele Na-CMC dị ọcha na nke akpọnwụwo, gbarie ya na mmiri distilled 80mL, kpalie ya electromagnetically maka 10min, ma dozie ya. ya na acid ma ọ bụ alkali Ngwọta ahụ wetara pH nke ngwọta na 8. Mgbe ahụ, titrate the test solution with sulfuric acid standard solution in a beaker onwem na pH mita electrode, na-ekiri ihe na-egosi pH mita mgbe titrating ruo mgbe pH bụ. 3.74. Rịba ama ụda ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ sulfuric acid ejiri mee ihe.

1.2.2 Usoro ule otu ihe

(1) Mmetụta nke ego alkali na ogo nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose: mepụta alkalization na 25.℃, alkali imikpu maka nkeji 80, ịta na ethanol ngwọta bụ 75%, na-achịkwa ego nke monochloroacetic acid reagent 3g, etherification okpomọkụ bụ 65 ~ 70.°C, oge etherification bụ 100 nkeji, na ego nke sodium hydroxide gbanwere maka ule.

(2) Mmetụta nke ịta nke ethanol ngwọta na ogo nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose: ego nke ofu alkali bụ 3.2g, alkaline imikpu na a mgbe nile okpomọkụ mmiri saa na 25.°C maka 80min, ntinye nke ethanol ngwọta bụ 75%, a na-achịkwa ego nke monochloroacetic acid reagent na 3g, etherification The okpomọkụ bụ 65-70°C, oge etherification bụ 100min, na ntinye nke ngwọta ethanol gbanwere maka nnwale ahụ.

(3) Mmetụta nke ego monochloroacetic acid na ogo nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose: dozie na 25°C maka alkalization, sook na alkali maka nkeji 80, tinye 3.2g nke sodium hydroxide iji mee ka ntinye nke ethanol ngwọta 75%, ether okpomọkụ bụ 65 ~ 70.°C, oge etherification bụ 100min, na ọnụọgụ monochloroacetic acid gbanwere maka nnwale.

(4) Mmetụta nke etherification okpomọkụ na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose: idozi na 25°C maka alkalization, sook na alkali maka nkeji 80, tinye 3.2g nke sodium hydroxide iji mee ka ntinye nke ethanol ngwọta 75%, okpomọkụ etherification The okpomọkụ bụ 65 ~ 70.℃, oge etherification bụ 100min, a na-eme nnwale ahụ site n'ịgbanwe usoro ọgwụgwọ monochloroacetic acid.

(5) Mmetụta nke oge etherification na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose: edozi na 25°C maka alkalization, agbakwunyere 3.2g nke sodium hydroxide, ma tinye ya na alkali maka 80min iji mee ka ntinye nke ethanol ngwọta 75%, yana monochlor na-achịkwa usoro onunu ogwu nke acetic acid reagent bụ 3g, okpomọkụ etherification bụ 65 ~ 70.°C, na oge etherification gbanwere maka nnwale.

1.2.3 Atụmatụ ule na njikarịcha nke carboxymethyl cellulose

Na ndabere nke otu ihe nnwale, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation jikọtara nnwale na ihe anọ na ọkwa ise e mere. Ihe anọ bụ oge etherification, okpomọkụ etherification, ọnụọgụ NaOH na ọnụọgụ monochloroacetic acid. Nhazi data na-eji SAS8.2 nchịkọta akụkọ ngwanrọ maka nhazi data, nke na-ekpughe mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ihe ọ bụla na-emetụta na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose. iwu ime.

1.2.4 SEM usoro nyocha

A na-edobe ihe nlele ntụ ntụ a mịrị amị n'ọkwa nlele ya na gluu na-eduzi, na mgbe ọ gbasasịrị ọla edo, a hụrụ ya wee see ya n'okpuru microscope eletrọn nke Hitachi-S-3400N Hitachi.

2. Nsonaazụ na nyocha

2.1 Mmetụta nke otu ihe na ogo nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose

2.1.1 Mmetụta nke ego alkali na ogo nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose.

Mgbe agbakwunyere NaOH3.2g na 2g cellulose, ogo ngbanwe nke ngwaahịa ahụ bụ nke kachasị elu. Ọnụ ego nke NaOH na-ebelata, nke na-ezughị ezu iji mepụta neutralization nke cellulose alkaline na etherification, na ngwaahịa ahụ nwere obere ọkwa nke nnọchi na obere viscosity. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ NaOH dị ukwuu, mmeghachi omume n'akụkụ n'oge hydrolysis nke chloroacetic acid ga-abawanye, oriri nke etherifying ga-abawanye, na viscosity ngwaahịa ga-ebelata.

2.1.2 Mmetụta nke itinye uche nke ethanol ngwọta na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose

Akụkụ nke mmiri dị na ethanol ngwọta dị na mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume n'èzí cellulose, na akụkụ nke ọzọ dị na cellulose. Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya mmiri dị ukwuu, CMC ga-aza na mmiri na-etolite jelii n'oge etherification, na-akpata mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma; ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya mmiri dị ntakịrị, mmeghachi omume ga-esi ike ịga n'ihu n'ihi enweghị mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume. N'ozuzu, 80% ethanol bụ ihe mgbaze kachasị mma.

2.1.3 Mmetụta nke usoro onunu ogwu nke monochloroacetic acid na ogo nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose.

Ọnụ ego nke monochloroacetic acid na sodium hydroxide bụ usoro 1: 2, ma iji mee ka mmeghachi omume ahụ gaa na ntụziaka nke ịmepụta CMC, hụ na e nwere ntọala efu kwesịrị ekwesị na usoro mmeghachi omume, nke mere na carboxymethylation nwere ike ịga n'ihu nke ọma. N'ihi nke a, usoro nke ngafe alkali na-nakweere, ya bụ, molar ratio nke acid na alkali bekee bụ 1:2.2.

2.1.4 Mmetụta nke etherification okpomọkụ na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose

Nke dị elu nke etherification okpomọkụ, ngwa ngwa mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume, ma akụkụ mmeghachi omume na-agbakwa ngwa ngwa. Site n'echiche nke nguzozi kemịkalụ, ịrị elu okpomọkụ adịghị mma na e guzobere CMC, ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ dị oke ala, mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume na-adị ngwa ngwa na ọnụ ọgụgụ ntinye nke onye na-emepụta ihe dị ala. Enwere ike ịhụ na okpomọkụ kachasị mma maka etherification bụ 70°C.

2.1.5 Mmetụta nke etherification oge na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose

Site na mmụba nke oge etherification, ogo nke nnọchi nke CMC na-abawanye, na mmeghachi omume na-eme ngwa ngwa, ma mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, mmeghachi omume akụkụ na-abawanye na ogo nke nnọchi na-ebelata. Mgbe oge etherification bụ 100min, ogo ngbanwe kachasị.

2.2 nsonaazụ ule orthogonal na nyocha nke otu carboxymethyl

Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na tebụl nyocha dị iche iche na na isi ihe, ihe anọ nke oge etherification, okpomọkụ etherification, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke NaOH na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke monochloroacetic acid nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose (p). <0.01) . N'ime ihe ndị na-emekọrịta ihe, ihe ndị na-emekọrịta ihe nke oge etherification na ọnụọgụ nke monochloroacetic acid, na ihe mmekọrịta nke okpomọkụ etherification na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke monochloroacetic acid nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose (p<0.01). Usoro nke mmetụta nke ihe dị iche iche na ogo nke nnọchi nke carboxymethyl cellulose bụ: etherification okpomọkụ>ọnụ ọgụgụ nke monochloroacetic acid>etherification oge>ego nke NaOH.

Mgbe nyocha nke nsonaazụ ule nke quadratic regression orthogonal rotation ngwakọta imewe, enwere ike ikpebi na ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka mgbanwe carboxymethylation bụ: oge ​​etherification 100min, okpomọkụ etherification 70.℃, NaOH usoro onunu ogwu 3.2g na monochloroacetic acid Usoro onunu ogwu a bu 3.0g, na ogo kacha nke ngbanwe bu 0.53.

2.3 Njiri mara arụmọrụ microscopic

A mụrụ morphology elu nke cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose na ihe jikọrọ ya na carbonoxymethyl cellulose site na nyocha eletrọnịkị microscopy. Cellulose na-etolite n'ụdị warara nke nwere elu dị larịị; ọnụ ọnụ nke carboxymethyl cellulose dị rougher karịa nke cellulose amịpụtara, na oghere Ọdịdị na-abawanye na olu ibu ibu. Nke a bụ n'ihi na nhazi ngwugwu na-ebuwanye ibu n'ihi ọzịza nke carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. Nkwubi okwu

3.1 Nkwadebe nke carboxymethyl etherified cellulose Usoro nke mkpa nke ihe anọ na-emetụta ogo nke nnọchi nke cellulose bụ: okpomọkụ etherification> monochloroacetic acid doseji> oge etherification> NaOH usoro onunu ogwu. Usoro kachasị mma nke mgbanwe carboxymethylation bụ oge etherification 100min, okpomọkụ etherification 70.℃, NaOH onunu ogwu 3.2g, monochloroacetic acid usoro onunu ogwu 3.0g, na kacha nnọchi ogo 0.53.

3.2 Ọnọdụ nkà na ụzụ kacha mma nke mgbanwe carboxymethylation bụ: oge ​​etherification 100min, okpomọkụ etherification 70.℃, NaOH onunu ogwu 3.2g, monochloroacetic acid usoro onunu ogwu 3.0g, kacha nnọchi n'ogo 0.53.