Cellulose ether mmetụta na-ejigide mmiri

A na-eji usoro simulation gburugburu ebe obibi mụọ mmetụta nke cellulose ethers nwere ogo dị iche iche nke ngbanwe na ngbanwe nke molar na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọkụ. Nyocha nke nsonaazụ ule site na iji ngwaọrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosi na hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether nwere akara ngbanwe dị ala na ogo ngbanwe dị elu na-egosi njide mmiri kacha mma na ngwa agha.

Isi okwu: cellulose ether: njide mmiri; ngwa agha; usoro ịme anwansị gburugburu; ọnọdụ ọkụ

N'ihi uru ya na njikwa mma, ịdị mma nke iji na njem ụgbọ njem, na nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi, ngwa agha agwakọtara akọrọ akọrọ bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a na-ewu ụlọ. A na-eji ngwa ngwa agwakọta akọrọ akọrọ mgbe agbakwunyere mmiri na ịgwakọta na ebe a na-ewu ụlọ. Mmiri nwere isi ọrụ abụọ: otu bụ iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha ahụ, na nke ọzọ bụ iji hụ na hydration nke ihe simenti na-eme ka ngwa agha ahụ nwee ike nweta ihe anụ ahụ na ígwè ọrụ achọrọ mgbe ọ gbasịrị. Site na mmecha nke ịgbakwunye mmiri na ngwa agha na-agwụcha ihe owuwu iji nweta ihe zuru oke nke anụ ahụ na n'ibu, mmiri efu ga-akwaga n'akụkụ abụọ ma e wezụga hydrating ciment: absorption base Layer na evaporation elu. N'ọnọdụ dị ọkụ ma ọ bụ na ìhè anyanwụ kpọmkwem, mmiri na-ekupụ ngwa ngwa site n'elu. N'ọnọdụ dị ọkụ ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ìhè anyanwụ kpọmkwem, ọ dị mkpa na ngwa agha ahụ na-ejigide mmiri ngwa ngwa site n'elu ma belata mfu mmiri n'efu. Isi ihe na-enyocha njide mmiri nke ngwa agha bụ iji chọpụta ụzọ nnwale kwesịrị ekwesị. Li Wei et al. mụọ usoro ule nke njigide mmiri ngwa ngwa wee chọpụta na atụnyere usoro nzacha oghere na usoro nzacha akwụkwọ, usoro ịmegharị gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ike ịkọwa nke ọma njide mmiri nke ngwa agha na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche.

Cellulose ether bụ ihe a na-ejikarị na-ejigide mmiri na ngwaahịa ngwa ngwa agwakọta akpọnwụ. Ethers cellulose a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ngwa ngwa agwakọta akpọnwụ bụ hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) na hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC). Otu ndị nnọchite anya kwekọrọ bụ hydroxyethyl, methyl na hydroxypropyl, methyl. Ogo nke nnọchi (DS) nke cellulose ether na-egosi ogo nke dochie otu hydroxyl na nke ọ bụla anhydroglucose unit, na ogo nke molar nnọchi (MS) na-egosi na ọ bụrụ na ndị nọchiri anya otu nwere otu hydroxyl, mmeghachi omume nnọchi na-aga n'ihu. mee mmeghachi omume etherification site na otu ọhụrụ hydroxyl free. ogo. Ọdịdị kemịkal na ogo nke nnọchi cellulose ether bụ ihe ndị dị mkpa na-emetụta njem mmiri na ngwa ngwa na microstructure nke ngwa agha. Mmụba nke molekụla arọ nke cellulose ether ga-eme ka njide mmiri nke ngwa agha dịkwuo elu, na ogo dị iche iche nke nnọchi ga-emetụtakwa njide mmiri nke ngwa agha.

Ihe ndị bụ isi na gburugburu ebe a na-ewu ngwa agha agwakọtara akpọnwụ akpọnwụ gụnyere ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, iru mmiri, ọsọ ikuku na mmiri ozuzo. Banyere ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, Kọmitii 305 ACI (American Concrete Institute) na-akọwa ya dị ka ngwakọta ọ bụla nke ihe ndị dị ka okpomọkụ ikuku dị elu, obere iru mmiri dị ala, na ọsọ ifufe, nke na-emebi àgwà ma ọ bụ arụmọrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ siri ike nke ụdị ihu igwe a. Oge okpomọkụ na mba m na-abụkarị oge kacha elu maka iwu ihe owuwu dị iche iche. Ewu na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na oke okpomọkụ na iru mmiri dị ala, karịsịa akụkụ nke ngwa agha dị n'azụ mgbidi ahụ nwere ike ikpughe ìhè anyanwụ, nke ga-emetụta ngwakọta ọhụrụ na ike siri ike nke ngwa agha akọrọ. Mmetụta dị ịrịba ama na arụmọrụ dị ka mbelata arụmọrụ, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na ọnwụ nke ike. Otu esi achọpụta na ịdị mma nke ogbunigwe agwakọta akọrọ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ adọtala uche na nyocha nke ndị na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ngwa agha na ndị ọrụ ụlọ.

N'ime akwụkwọ a, a na-eji usoro ịme anwansị gburugburu ebe obibi iji nyochaa njide mmiri nke ngwa agha jikọtara ya na hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether na hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether nwere ogo dị iche iche nke nnọchi na ngbanwe molar na 45.℃, na a na-eji ngwanrọ ọnụ ọgụgụ JMP8.02 na-enyocha data ule iji nyochaa mmetụta nke cellulose ethers dị iche iche na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọkụ.

1. Ngwa ngwa na ụzọ ule

1.1 Akụrụngwa

Conch P. 042.5 Cement, 50-100 mesh quartz ájá, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ether (HEMC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) na viscosity nke 40000mPa.·s. Iji zere mmetụta nke ihe ndị ọzọ, ule ahụ na-anabata usoro ngwa ngwa dị mfe, gụnyere 30% ciment, 0.2% cellulose ether, na 69.8% quartz ájá, na mmiri agbakwunyere bụ 19% nke ngụkọta ngwa agha. Ha abụọ bụ oke oke.

1.2 Usoro ịme anwansị gburugburu

Ngwa ule nke usoro ịme anwansị gburugburu ebe obibi na-eji oriọna iodine-tungsten, fan, na ụlọ gburugburu ebe obibi na-eme ka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị n'èzí, iru mmiri na ọsọ ifufe, wdg, iji nwalee ọdịiche dị na mma nke ngwa agha a gwakọtara ọhụrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị iche iche, na nwalee njigide mmiri nke ngwa agha ahụ. N'ime nnwale a, a na-emeziwanye usoro ule na akwụkwọ, na kọmputa na-ejikọta ya na nguzozi maka ịdekọ na nyocha na-akpaghị aka, si otú ahụ belata njehie nnwale.

Emere ule a na ụlọ nyocha ọkọlọtọ [okpomọkụ (23±2)°C, iru mmiri dị nso (50±3)%] na-eji oyi akwa na-adịghị amị mkpụrụ (efere plastik nwere dayameta dị n'ime nke 88mm) na okpomọkụ irradiation nke 45°C. Usoro nnwale bụ nke a:

(1) Mgbe agbanyụrụ fan ahụ, gbanye oriọna ayodiin-tungsten, ma tinye efere rọba ahụ n'ọnọdụ kwụ ọtọ n'okpuru oriọna ayodiin-tungsten iji kpoo ọkụ maka 1 h;

(2) Tulee efere rọba ahụ, tinyezie ngwa agha ahụ a kpalitere n'ime efere rọba, mee ka ọ dị nro dịka oke achọrọ, wee tụọ ya;

(3) Tinye efere rọba ahụ n'ọnọdụ mbụ ya, ngwanrọ na-achịkwa nguzozi ka ọ tụọ ya ozugbo na nkeji 5 ọ bụla, ule ahụ na-agwụ mgbe elekere 1 gachara.

2. Nsonaazụ na mkparịta ụka

Nsonaazụ ngụkọ nke njide mmiri R0 nke ngwa agha agwakọta ya na cellulose ethers dị iche iche mgbe irradiation gasịrị na 45°C maka nkeji 30.

A na-enyocha data ule a dị n'elu site na iji ngwaahịa JMP8.02 nke ụlọ ọrụ ngwanrọ ọnụ ọgụgụ SAS, iji nweta nsonaazụ nyocha a pụrụ ịdabere na ya. Usoro nyocha bụ nke a.

2.1 Nyochaa nlọghachi azụ na dabara

Emere ihe dabara adaba n'ụdị site na ọkọlọtọ opekata mpe square. Ntụnyere n'etiti uru a tụrụ na uru amụma na-egosi nleba anya nke dabara na ihe nlereanya ahụ, a na-egosipụtakwa ya nke ọma na eserese. Ọkpụkpụ abụọ a kụjiri agbaji na-anọchite anya “95% nkeji oge ntụkwasị obi”, na ahịrị kwụpụrụ agbaji na-anọchi anya uru data niile. Usoro a kụjiri agbaji na Nchikota nke ahịrị kwụwara n'ala na-egosi na ụdị pseudo-stage bụ nke a na-ahụkarị.

Ụkpụrụ akọwapụtara maka nchịkọta dabara adaba na ANOVA. Na mkpokọta, R² ruru 97%, na uru P na nyocha dị iche iche bụ ihe na-erughị 0.05. Nchikota nke ọnọdụ abụọ ahụ na-egosikwa na ihe nlereanya dabara adaba dị ịrịba ama.

2.2 Nyocha nke ihe na-emetụta

N'ime oke nnwale a, n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke nkeji 30 nke irradiation, ihe ndị na-emetụta mmetụta kwesịrị ekwesị bụ ndị a: n'ihe gbasara otu ihe, ụkpụrụ p nwetara site n'ụdị cellulose ether na akara ngbanwe nke molar bụ ihe na-erughị 0.05. , nke na-egosi na nke abụọ Nke ikpeazụ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha. N'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ahụ, site na nsonaazụ nnwale nke nyocha kwesịrị ekwesị nke mmetụta nke ụdị cellulose ether, ogo nke nnọchi (Ds) na ogo nke ngbanwe nke molar (MS) na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha. ụdị cellulose ether na ogo nke nnọchi anya, Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ogo nke nnọchi na ogo molar nke nnọchi nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha, n'ihi na p-ụkpụrụ nke abụọ na-erughị 0.05. Mmekọrịta nke ihe na-egosi na mmekọrịta nke ihe abụọ na-akọwapụta nke ọma. Obe na-egosi na ha abụọ nwere njikọ siri ike, na myirịta na-egosi na ha abụọ nwere njikọ na-adịghị ike. N'ime eserese mmekọrịta ihe, were mpaghara ahụα ebe ụdị vetikal na ogo nnọchi n'akụkụ na-emekọrịta ihe dị ka ihe atụ, akụkụ ahịrị abụọ ahụ na-agbakọta, na-egosi na njikọ dị n'etiti ụdị na ogo nnọchi anya siri ike, na mpaghara b ebe ụdị kwụ ọtọ na akara ngbanwe ihu igwe. na-emekọrịta ihe , akụkụ abụọ ahịrị na-adịkarị n'otu, na-egosi na njikọ dị n'etiti ụdị na ngbanwe molar adịghị ike.

2.3 amụma njigide mmiri

Dabere na ihe nlereanya dabara adaba, dị ka mmetụta zuru oke nke cellulose ethers dị iche iche na-ejigide mmiri nke ngwa agha, a na-ebu amụma njigide mmiri nke ngwa ngwa site na ngwanrọ JMP, a na-ahụkwa nchikota parameter maka njide mmiri kacha mma. Amụma njide mmiri na-egosi nchikota nke mmiri mmiri kacha mma na mmepe mmepe ya, ya bụ, HEMC dị mma karịa HPMC n'ụdị ntụnyere, ngbanwe nke ọkara na nke dị ala dị mma karịa ngbanwe dị elu, na ọkara na elu dị mma karịa ngbanwe dị ala. na ngbanwe molar, mana enweghị nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti abụọ na nchikota a. Na nchikota, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ethers nwere akara ngbanwe dị ala yana ogo ngbanwe molar dị elu gosipụtara njigide mmiri ngwa ngwa kacha mma na 45.℃. N'okpuru nchikota a, amụma amụma nke njide mmiri nke usoro ahụ nyere bụ 0.611736±0.014244.

3. Nkwubi okwu

(1) Dị ka otu ihe dị ịrịba ama, ụdị cellulose ether nwere mmetụta dị ịrịba ama na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha, na hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) dị mma karịa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC). Ọ na-egosi na ọdịiche dị na ụdị ngbanwe ga-eduga na ọdịiche dị na njide mmiri. N'otu oge ahụ, ụdị cellulose ether na-ejikọta ya na ogo nke nnọchi.

(2) Dịka otu ihe dị ịrịba ama na-emetụta ihe, ogo ngbanwe molar nke cellulose ether na-ebelata, na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha na-achọ ibelata. Nke a na-egosi na ka agbụ akụkụ nke cellulose ether substituent group na-aga n'ihu na-enweta mmeghachi omume etherification na otu hydroxyl free, ọ ga-ebutekwa ọdịiche dị na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha.

(3) Ogo nke nnọchi nke cellulose ethers na-emekọrịta ihe na ụdị na ogo molar nke nnọchi. N'etiti ogo nke ngbanwe na ụdị, n'ọnọdụ dị ala nke ngbanwe, njigide mmiri nke HEMC dị mma karịa nke HPMC; n'ihe banyere ngbanwe dị elu, ọdịiche dị n'etiti HEMC na HPMC abụghị nnukwu. Maka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ogo nke ngbanwe na ngbanwe nke molar, n'ihe gbasara ọkwa dị ala nke ngbanwe, njide mmiri nke obere akara nke ngbanwe dị mma karịa nke elu molar nke ngbanwe; Ihe dị iche abụghị nnukwu.

(4) Ngwa agha agwakọta ya na hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether nwere akara ngbanwe dị ala na ogo ngbanwe dị elu gosipụtara njide mmiri kacha mma n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọkụ. Otú ọ dị, otu esi akọwa mmetụta nke cellulose ether ụdị, ogo nke nnọchi na molar ogo nke nnọchi na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha, okwu nke mechanistic n'akụkụ a ka chọrọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ.