Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, English abbreviation CMC, nke a na-akpọkarị "methyl" na ụlọ ọrụ seramiiki, bụ ihe anionic, ihe na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ ubé edo edo ntụ ntụ nke sitere na cellulose sitere n'okike dị ka akụrụngwa na kemịkalụ gbanwetụrụ. . CMC nwere ezigbo solubility ma nwee ike gbazere n'ime ngwọta na-enweghị atụ na nke na-enweghị isi na mmiri oyi na mmiri ọkụ.
1. Okwu mmeghe nkenke maka ngwa CMC na ceramics
1.1. Ngwa nke CMC na ceramik
1.1.1, ụkpụrụ ngwa
CMC nwere usoro polymer linear pụrụ iche. Mgbe a na-agbakwunye CMC na mmiri, otu hydrophilic ya (-COONa) na-ejikọta ya na mmiri na-emepụta oyi akwa ngwọta, nke mere na mkpụrụ ndụ CMC na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbasaa na mmiri. Ndị polymer CMC na-adabere na njikọ hydrogen na ndị agha van der Waals. Mmetụta ahụ na-etolite nhazi netwọk, si otú a na-egosi njikọ. Enwere ike iji CMC a kapịrị ọnụ dị ka ihe mgbakwunye, plasticizer, na onye na-enye ume maka ahụ ndụ ndụ na ụlọ ọrụ seramiiki. Ịgbakwunye CMC kwesịrị ekwesị na billet nwere ike ime ka ike dị n'otu nke billet dịkwuo elu, mee ka billet dị mfe ịmepụta, mee ka ike na-agbanwe agbanwe site na ugboro 2 ruo 3, ma melite nkwụsi ike nke billet, si otú ahụ na-amụba ngwaahịa dị elu. ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ceramik na ibelata ụgwọ ọrụ nhazi. . N'otu oge ahụ, n'ihi mgbakwunye nke CMC, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ọsọ nhazi ahụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma belata mmepụta ume ike. Ọ nwekwara ike ime ka mmiri dị na billet kpochaa nke ọma ma gbochie nkụ na mgbawa. Karịsịa mgbe a na-etinye ya na akwa akwa akwa akwa na akwa brik na-egbuke egbuke, mmetụta ahụ ka mma. doro anya. N'iji ya na ndị ọrụ na-agba ume ndụ ndụ ndụ ndị ọzọ, CMC pụrụ iche nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwere njirimara ndị a:
(1) Obere ego mgbakwunye: ego mgbakwunye na-adịkarị ala karịa 0.1%, nke bụ 1/5 ruo 1/3 nke ndị na-eme ka ahụ ndị ọzọ na-eme ka ahụ dịkwuo mma, na ike mgbanwe nke ahụ ndụ ndụ ndụ na-emewanyewanye nke ọma, na ọnụ ahịa ahụ nwere ike ibelata. n'otu oge ahụ.
(2) Ezigbo ihe na-ere ọkụ: ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ntụ na-ahapụ mgbe ọkụ gasịrị, ọ dịghịkwa ihe fọdụrụnụ, nke na-adịghị emetụta agba nke oghere.
(3) Ngwongwo dị mma na-akwụsịtụ: gbochie akụrụngwa na-enweghị isi na paste agba ka ọ ghara idozi, ma mee ka pasta ahụ gbasaa nke ọma.
(4) Mgbochi abrasion: N'usoro egwe ọka, agbụ molekụla ahụ adịchaghị emebi emebi.
1.1.2, na-agbakwụnye usoro
Ọnụ ego mgbakwunye CMC n'ozuzu na billet bụ 0.03-0.3%, nke enwere ike ịhazi ya nke ọma dịka mkpa dị n'ezie. N'ihi na apịtị na a otutu nke aga akụrụngwa na usoro, CMC nwere ike tinye na bọl igwe nri na-egweri ọnụ na apịtị, ṅaa ntị na edo mgbasa, ka ọ ghara isi ike igbari mgbe agglomeration, ma ọ bụ tupu. igbari CMC na mmiri na a ruru nke 1:30 Tinye ya na bọl igwe nri na mix evenly 1-5 awa tupu egwe ọka.
1.2. Ngwa nke CMC na glaze slurry
1.2.1. Ụkpụrụ ngwa
CMC maka glaze slurry bụ ihe nkwụsi ike na ihe nkedo nwere ọmarịcha arụmọrụ. A na-eji ya na glaze nke ala na n'elu glaze nke ceramic tiles, nke nwere ike ime ka ike dị n'etiti slurry glaze na ahụ dịkwuo elu. N'ihi na slurry glaze dị mfe ịmalite ma nwee nkwụsi ike na-adịghị mma, CMC na dị iche iche Nkwekọrịta nke ụdị glaze a dị mma, ọ na-enwekwa mgbasa ozi magburu onwe ya na colloid na-echebe, nke mere na glaze dị na steeti mgbasa ozi siri ike. Mgbe agbakwunyere CMC, enwere ike ịbawanye esemokwu elu nke glaze, enwere ike igbochi mmiri ịgbasa site na glaze na ahụ ndụ ndụ ndụ, ịdị nro nke glaze ahụ nwere ike ịba ụba, na mgbawa na mgbaji n'oge usoro njem na-akpata. ibelata ike nke ahụ ndụ ndụ ndụ mgbe glazing nwere ike zere. , Ihe ngosi pinhole dị n'elu glaze nwekwara ike belata mgbe agbapụchara.
1.2.2. Usoro na-agbakwụnye
Ọnụ ego CMC agbakwunyere na glaze ala na n'elu glaze na-abụkarị 0.08-0.30%, enwere ike ịhazi ya dịka mkpa dị n'ezie n'oge eji. Buru ụzọ mee CMC ka ọ bụrụ ngwọta mmiri 3%. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa ka echekwa ya ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị, a ga-agbakwunye ihe ngwọta a na ihe nchekwa kwesịrị ekwesị ma tinye ya n'ime akpa a na-emechi emechi, na-echekwa ya na obere okpomọkụ, wee gwakọta ya na glaze nke ọma.
1.3. Ngwa nke CMC na-ebipụta glaze
1.3.1. The pụrụ iche CMC maka ibipụta glaze nwere ezigbo ndim, dispersibility na nkwụsi ike. Nke a pụrụ iche CMC adopts ọhụrụ technology, nwere ezi solubility, elu nghọta, fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dịghị insoluble okwu, na nwere magburu onwe shiee thinning onwunwe na mmanu mmanu, ukwuu mma na-ebi akwụkwọ adaptability nke ibi akwụkwọ glaze, mbenata onu nke ịrapara na igbochi ihuenyo, ibelata ọnụ ọgụgụ. nke na-ehichapụ, mbipụta dị mma n'oge a na-arụ ọrụ, ụkpụrụ doro anya, na ezigbo agba agba.
1.3.2. Ọnụ ego mgbakwunye n'ozuzu nke ịgbakwunye glaze obibi bụ 1.5-3%. Enwere ike itinye CMC na ethylene glycol wee tinye mmiri ka ọ gbazee. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ya na 1-5% sodium tripolyphosphate na ihe agba agba ọnụ. Ngwakọta akọrọ, wee gbazee na mmiri, nke mere na ụdị ihe niile nwere ike gbazee nke ọma.
1.4. Ngwa nke CMC na glaze na-egbuke egbuke
1.4.1. Ụkpụrụ ngwa
Gleze na-agba ọbara nwere ọtụtụ nnu soluble, ụfọdụ n'ime ha dịkwa ntakịrị acidic. Ụdị CMC pụrụ iche maka glaze na-agba ọbara nwere ezigbo acid na nnu na-eguzogide nkwụsi ike, nke nwere ike ime ka viscosity nke glaze na-agba ọbara guzosie ike n'oge eji na ntinye, ma gbochie ya imebi n'ihi mgbanwe nke viscosity. Ọ na-emetụta ọdịiche dị iche iche nke agba, na mmiri solubility, nkwụsị nke mesh na njigide mmiri nke CMC pụrụ iche maka glaze na-egbuke egbuke dị ezigbo mma, nke na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike nke glaze ọbara.
1.4.2. Tinye usoro
Gbarie CMC na ethylene glycol, akụkụ nke mmiri na ihe mgbagwoju anya na mbụ, wee gwakọta ya na ngwọta agba agba agbaze agbaze.
2. Nsogbu ndị kwesịrị ka e lebara anya na mmepụta nke CMC na ceramik
2.1. Ụdị CMC dị iche iche nwere ọrụ dị iche iche na mmepụta nke ceramik. Nhọrọ ziri ezi nwere ike nweta ebumnuche nke akụ na ụba na arụmọrụ dị elu.
2.2. N'elu glaze na ibipụta glaze, ị gaghị eji ngwaahịa CMC dị ọcha dị ọnụ ala, karịsịa na-ebipụta glaze, ị ga-ahọrọ CMC dị ọcha na ịdị ọcha dị elu, ezigbo acid na nnu na-eguzogide, na nghọta dị elu iji gbochie glaze Ripples na pinholes. na-apụta n'elu. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwekwara ike igbochi ihe omume nke nkwụnye nkwụnye net, adịghị mma larịị na agba dị iche n'oge eji.
2.3. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ dị elu ma ọ bụ glaze slurry chọrọ ka etinye ya ogologo oge, a ga-agbakwunye ihe nchekwa.
3. Analysis nke nkịtị nsogbu nkeCMC na seramiikimmepụta
3.1. Mmiri mmiri nke apịtị adịghị mma, ọ na-esikwa ike ịhapụ gluu.
N'ihi viscosity nke ya, CMC ga-eme ka apịtị ahụ dị elu, na-eme ka o sie ike ịhapụ ụrọ ahụ. Ihe ngwọta bụ ịhazigharị ọnụọgụ na ụdị coagulant. A na-atụ aro usoro decoagulant ndị a: (1) sodium tripolyphosphate 0.3%; (2) sodium tripolyphosphate 0.1% + iko mmiri 0,3%; (3) humic acid Sodium 0.2% + sodium tripolyphosphate 0.1%
3.2. slurry glaze na ink mbipụta dị gịrịgịrị.
Ihe mere e ji kpụọ slurry glaze na ink mbipụta bụ ndị a: (1) Ihe ndị dị ndụ na-emebi glaze slurry ma ọ bụ ink mbipụta, nke na-eme ka CMC ghara ịdị irè. Ihe ngwọta bụ ịsacha akpa nke slurry glaze ma ọ bụ ink nke ọma, ma ọ bụ tinye ihe nchekwa dị ka formaldehyde na phenol. (2) N'okpuru mkpali na-aga n'ihu n'okpuru ike shear, viscosity na-ebelata. A na-atụ aro ka ịgbakwunye ngwọta mmiri CMC iji gbanwee mgbe ị na-eji.
3.3. Tapawa ụgbụ mgbe ị na-eji glaze obibi.
Ihe ngwọta bụ iji dozie ọnụọgụ CMC nke mere na viscosity nke glaze na-ebi akwụkwọ dị oke, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, gbakwunye obere mmiri na-akpali akpali.
3.4. Enwere ọtụtụ oge mgbochi netwọkụ na ihicha.
Ihe ngwọta bụ imeziwanye nghọta na solubility nke CMC; mgbe edozichara mmanụ a na-ebi akwụkwọ, gafere site na sieve 120-mesh, na mmanụ a na-ebi akwụkwọ ga-esikwa na 100-120 mesh sieve; gbanwee viscosity nke glaze obibi akwụkwọ.
3.5. Njide mmiri adịghị mma, a ga-akụkwa elu nke ifuru ahụ mgbe e bipụtachara ya, nke ga-emetụta mbipụta ọzọ.
Ihe ngwọta bụ ịbawanye ụba nke glycerin na usoro nkwadebe mmanụ na-ebipụta; jiri ọkara na obere viscosity CMC nwere ogo nnọchi anya dị elu (ezigbo nnọchi edo edo) iji kwadebe mmanụ obibi akwụkwọ.
Oge nzipu: Jan-04-2023