Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, zoro aka dị ka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) bụ ụdị elu-polymer eriri ether kwadebere site chemical mgbanwe nke eke cellulose. Nhazi ya bụ nke kachasị D-glucose unit site na β (1→4) glycosidic bond components. Ojiji nke CMC nwere ọtụtụ uru karịa ndị ọzọ nri thickeners.
01 A na-eji CMC eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nri
(1) CMC nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike
N'ihe oriri oyi dị ka popsicles na ice cream, ọ nwere ike ịchịkwa nhazi nke kristal ice, mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ mgbasawanye dịkwuo elu ma nọgide na-enwe nhazi otu, na-eguzogide ịgbaze, nwee ezigbo ụtọ ma dị ụtọ, na-achacha agba.
Na mmiri ara ehi ngwaahịa, ma ọ bụ flavored mmiri ara ehi, mkpụrụ mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ yogọt, ọ nwere ike meghachi omume na protein n'ime nso nke isoelectric n'ókè nke pH uru (PH4.6) na-etolite a mgbagwoju na mgbagwoju Ọdịdị, nke bara uru na nkwụsi ike nke emulsion ma melite nguzogide protein.
(2) CMC nwere ike jikọta ya na ndị ọzọ stabilizers na emulsifiers
N'ihe oriri na ihe ọṅụṅụ, ndị na-emepụta ihe n'ozuzu na-eji ụdị stabilizers dị iche iche, dị ka: xanthan gum, guar gum, carrageenan, dextrin, wdg. Emulsifiers dị ka: glycerol monostearate, sucrose fatty acid esters, wdg, na-ejikọta ọnụ iji kwado ibe ha. uru ma na-arụ ọrụ synergistic iji belata ụgwọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
(3) CMC nwere pseudoplasticity
Viscosity nke CMC na-atụgharị na okpomọkụ dị iche iche. Ka okpomọkụ na-ebili, viscosity nke ngwọta na-ebelata, na ọzọ; mgbe ike ịkwa ahụ dị, viscosity nke CMC ga-ebelata, na mmụba nke ike ịkwa ahụ, viscosity ga-ebelata. Ngwongwo ndị a na-enyere CMC aka ibelata ibu akụrụngwa ma melite arụmọrụ homogenization mgbe ọ na-akpali, homogenizing, na pipeline njem, nke na-enweghị atụ site na ndị ọzọ stabilizers.
02 Usoro chọrọ
Dị ka ihe nkwụsi ike dị irè, CMC ga-emetụta mmetụta ya ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya mee ihe n'ụzọ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, na ọbụna mee ka a kpochapụ ngwaahịa ahụ. Ya mere, maka CMC, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ịkwasa ngwọta zuru oke na nke ọma iji melite arụmọrụ ya, belata usoro onunu ogwu, meziwanye àgwà ngwaahịa na ịbawanye mkpụrụ. Karịsịa, ekwesịrị itinye nlebara anya na usoro usoro ọ bụla:
(1) Efrata
1. Usoro mgbasa ozi dị elu na-eji ike arụ ọrụ
Enwere ike iji akụrụngwa niile nwere ikike ịgwakọta iji nyere CMC aka ịgbasa na mmiri. Site na ịkwa akwa ọsọ ọsọ, enwere ike itinye CMC na mmiri nke ọma iji mee ka mgbasa CMC dị ngwa.
Ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eji ndị na-agwakọta ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ tankị na-agbakọta ọsọ ọsọ ugbu a.
2. Sugar akọrọ agwakọta usoro mgbasa ozi
Mix ọma na CMC na granulated sugar na a ruru nke 1:5, na ifesa ya na nwayọọ nwayọọ n'okpuru mgbe nile edemede ka n'ụzọ zuru ezu igbari na CMC.
3. Igbari na mmiri shuga juru
Dị ka caramel, wdg, nwere ike mee ngwangwa mgbasa nke CMC.
(2) Mgbakwunye acid
Maka ụfọdụ ihe ọṅụṅụ acidic, dị ka yogọt, a ghaghị ịhọrọ ngwaahịa na-eguzogide acid. Ọ bụrụ na a na-arụ ọrụ ya nke ọma, enwere ike imeziwanye ogo ngwaahịa yana igbochi mmiri ozuzo na stratification ngwaahịa.
1. Mgbe ị na-agbakwunye acid, okpomọkụ nke mgbakwunye acid kwesịrị ịchịkwa nke ọma, n'ozuzu ≤20 ° C.
2. Ekwesịrị ịchịkwa ntinye acid na 8-20%, nke dị ala ka mma.
3. Acid mgbakwunye na-anabata usoro ịgba mmiri, a na-agbakwunye ya na ntụziaka tangential nke oke akpa, n'ozuzu 1-3 nkeji.
4. Slurry ọsọ n=1400-2400r/m
(3) Nkwekọrịta
1. Ebumnuche nke emulsification
Homogeneous, abụba-nwere nri mmiri mmiri, CMC kwesịrị ịgbakọta na emulsifier, dị ka monoglyceride, na homogenization mgbali bụ 18-25mpa, na okpomọkụ bụ 60-70 ° C.
2. Nzube enweghị isi
Homogenization, ma ọ bụrụ na ihe dị iche iche na mmalite ogbo na-adịghị kpamkpam otu, a ka nwere ụfọdụ ụmụ irighiri ihe, ọ ga-abụ homogenized, homogenization mgbali bụ 10mpa, na okpomọkụ bụ 60-70 ° C.
(4) igba ogwu nwa
CMC na okpomọkụ dị elu, karịsịa mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu karịa 50 ° C ruo ogologo oge, viscosity nke CMC na àgwà adịghị mma ga-ebelata na-enweghị ike ịgbanwe. Viscosity nke CMC nke ndị na-emepụta ihe n'ozuzu ga-adaba nke ọma na 80 Celsius maka nkeji 30, yabụ enwere ike iji ọgwụ mgbochi ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụ mgbochi. Usoro sterilization iji belata oge CMC na oke okpomọkụ.
(5) Ihe ndị ọzọ akpachara anya
1. Ogo mmiri ahọpụtara kwesịrị ịdị ọcha ma mesoo mmiri mgbata dị ka o kwere mee. E kwesịghị iji mmiri nke ọma mee ihe iji zere ọrịa microbial ma na-emetụta àgwà ngwaahịa.
2. A pụghị iji arịa maka igbasa na ịchekwa CMC na ngwongwo ígwè, mana enwere ike iji ihe igwe anaghị agba nchara, efere osisi, ma ọ bụ ihe seramiiki. Gbochie ntinye nke ion metal divalent.
3. Mgbe ejiri CMC nke ọ bụla, a ga-ejikọta ọnụ nke akpa nkwakọ ngwaahịa iji gbochie mmịpụta mmiri na mmebi nke CMC.
03 Azịza nye ajụjụ ndị dị na iji CMC
Kedu ka esi ekewapụta viscosity dị ala, obere viscosity na elu viscosity dị iche iche? A ga-enwe ihe dị iche na ngbanwe?
Azịza:
A ghọtara na ogologo nke agbụ molekụla dị iche, ma ọ bụ ịdị arọ molecular dị iche, ma kewara ya n'ime ala, ọkara na elu viscosity. N'ezie, arụmọrụ macroscopic kwekọrọ na viscosity dị iche iche. Otu ntinye uche nwere viscosity dị iche iche, nkwụsi ike ngwaahịa na oke acid. Mmekọrịta kpọmkwem dabere na ngwọta nke ngwaahịa ahụ.
Kedu ihe bụ arụmọrụ akọwapụtara nke ngwaahịa nwere ogo nnọchi karịa 1.15? N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, ka ogo nnọchi anya dị elu, arụ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa a ka emelitere?
Azịza:
Ngwaahịa ahụ nwere ngbanwe dị elu, mmụba na-abawanye, ma belata pseudoplasticity nke ukwuu. Ngwaahịa nwere otu viscosity nwere nnukwu ngbanwe na mmetụta na-amị amị pụtara ìhè. Ngwaahịa nwere ogo dị elu nke nnọchi nwere ngwọta na-egbuke egbuke, ebe ngwaahịa ndị nwere ogo ngbanwe n'ozuzu nwere ngwọta ọcha.
Ọ dị mma ịhọrọ viscosity ọkara iji mee ihe ọṅụṅụ protein fermented?
Azịza:
Ọkara na obere viscosity ngwaahịa, ogo nke nnọchi bụ banyere 0.90, na ngwaahịa na mma acid iguzogide.
Kedu ka CMC ga-esi gbaze ngwa ngwa? Mgbe ụfọdụ, mgbe esichara, ọ na-agbaze nwayọọ nwayọọ.
Azịza:
Gwakọta ya na colloid ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụ jiri ihe mkpali 1000-1200 rpm gbasasịa.
The dispersibility nke CMC adịghị mma, na hydrophilicity dị mma, na ọ dị mfe ụyọkọ, na ngwaahịa na elu nnọchi ogo bụ ihe doro anya! Mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa karịa mmiri oyi. A naghị atụ aro ka esi nri. Isi nri ogologo oge nke ngwaahịa CMC ga-emebi usoro ihe omimi na ngwaahịa ahụ ga-atụfu viscosity ya!
Oge nzipu: Dec-13-2022