Usoro nyocha maka njirimara physicochemical nke cellulose ether

E webatara isi iyi, nhazi, ihe onwunwe na ngwa nke cellulose ether. N'ihi nyocha physicochemical onwunwe index nke ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ cellulose ether, e webatara usoro a nụchara anụcha ma ọ bụ emelitere, na nyochara ike ya site na nnwale.

Isi okwu:cellulose ether; Njirimara anụ ahụ na kemịkal; Usoro nyocha; Ajụjụ nnwale

Cellulose bụ ihe na-emepụta polymer na-ebuwanye ibu n'ụwa. Enwere ike nweta usoro ihe nrụpụta site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ nke cellulose. Cellulose ether bụ ngwaahịa nke cellulose mgbe alkalization, etherification, ịsacha, ọcha, egweri, ihicha na ndị ọzọ nzọụkwụ. Ihe ndị bụ isi nke cellulose ether bụ owu, kapok, achara, osisi, wdg, n'etiti nke cellulose ọdịnaya na owu bụ ihe kasị elu, ruo 90 ~ 95%, bụ ezigbo akụrụngwa maka cellulose ether mmepụta, na China bụ. nnukwu mba nke mmepụta owu, nke na-akwalitekwa mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ether cellulose nke China ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, mmepụta, nhazi na oriri nke fiber ether na-eduga n'ụwa.

Cellulose ether na nri, ọgwụ, ihe ịchọ mma, ihe ụlọ, akwụkwọ, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ nwere ọtụtụ ngwa. Ọ nwere njirimara nke solubility, viscosity, nkwụsi ike, adịghị egbu egbu na biocompatibility. Cellulose ether test standard JCT 2190-2013, gụnyere cellulose ether ọdịdị mma, akọrọ arọ ọnwụ ọnụego, sulfate ash, viscosity, pH uru, transmittance na ndị ọzọ anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ egosi. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a na-etinye cellulose ether na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, na mgbakwunye na nyocha anụ ahụ na nke kemịkal, enwere ike ịnwale mmetụta ngwa nke cellulose ether na usoro a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, njide mmiri na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu, ihe owuwu ngwa agha, wdg; Adhesives ụlọ ọrụ adhesion, ngagharị, wdg; Daily chemical ụlọ ọrụ ngagharị, adhesion, wdg The anụ ahụ na chemical Njirimara nke cellulose ether ikpebi ya ngwa nso. Nyocha anụ ahụ na kemịkal nke cellulose ether dị mkpa maka mmepụta, nhazi ma ọ bụ ojiji. Dabere na JCT 2190-2013, akwụkwọ a na-atụ aro nhazi atọ ma ọ bụ imeziwanye atụmatụ maka nyocha nke akụrụngwa physicochemical nke cellulose ether, ma gosipụta ike ha nwere site na nyocha.

1. Akọrọ arọ ọnwụ ọnụego

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnwụ ihicha bụ ihe kachasị dị mkpa nke cellulose ether, nke a na-akpọkwa ọdịnaya mmiri, metụtara ihe ndị dị irè ya, ndụ nchekwa na ihe ndị ọzọ. Usoro ule ọkọlọtọ bụ usoro nha oven: A tụrụ ihe dịka 5g sample ma tinye ya na karama na-atụ ihe nke nwere omimi na-erughị 5mm. A na-etinye okpu karama ahụ na oven, ma ọ bụ okpu karama ahụ meghere ọkara ma kpoo ya na 105 ° C ± 2 ° C maka awa 2. Mgbe ahụ, a na-ewepụ okpu karama ahụ ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ n'ime ụlọ na nkụ, tụọ ya ma kpoo ya na oven maka 30 min.

Ọ na-ewe awa 2 ~ 3 iji chọpụta ihe dị n'ime mmiri nke ihe nlele site na usoro a, na ọdịnaya nke mmiri na-ejikọta na index ndị ọzọ na nkwadebe nke ngwọta. Enwere ike ịme ọtụtụ ndetu naanị mgbe emechara nyocha ọdịnaya mmiri. Ya mere, usoro a adịghị adabara na ojiji bara uru n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, eriri mmepụta nke ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ cellulose ether kwesịrị ịchọpụta ihe dị n'ime mmiri ngwa ngwa, n'ihi ya, ha nwere ike iji ụzọ ndị ọzọ chọpụta ọdịnaya mmiri, dị ka mita mmiri ngwa ngwa.

Dị ka usoro nchọpụta ọdịnaya mmiri ọkọlọtọ si dị, dị ka ahụmịhe nnwale bara uru gara aga, a na-achọkarị ikpocha ihe nlele ahụ na ịdị arọ mgbe niile na 105 ℃, 2.5h.

Nsonaazụ nnwale nke ọdịnaya mmiri cellulose ether dị iche iche n'okpuru ọnọdụ ule dị iche iche. Enwere ike ịhụ na nsonaazụ ule nke 135 ℃ na 0,5 h dị nso na ndị nke ọkọlọtọ usoro na 105 ℃ na 2.5h, na deviation nke nsonaazụ nke ngwa ngwa mmiri mita bụ dịtụ nnukwu. Mgbe nnwale pụta wee pụta, abụọ nchọpụta ọnọdụ nke 135 ℃, 0,5 h na 105 ℃, 2.5 h nke ọkọlọtọ usoro nọgidere na-hụrụ ruo ogologo oge, na ya pụta bụ ka na-adịghị nnọọ iche. Ya mere, usoro ule nke 135 ℃ na 0,5 h bụ ekwe omume, na mmiri ọdịnaya ule oge nwere ike shortened site banyere 2 h.

2. Sulfate ash

Sulfate ash cellulose ether bụ ihe dị mkpa index, kpọmkwem metụtara ya arụ ọrụ mejupụtara, ịdị ọcha na na. Usoro ule ọkọlọtọ: Ghichaa ihe nlele na 105 ℃ ± 2 ℃ maka idobere, tụọ ihe dị ka 2 g nke ihe nlele n'ime ite ọkụ nke agbachara ọkụ na ịdị arọ mgbe niile, tinye crucible na efere kpo oku ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik wee jiri nwayọ kpoo ruo mgbe nlele ahụ. bụ kpam kpam carbonized. Mgbe emechara ihe mgbochi ahụ, a na-agbakwunye 2 ml nke sulfuric acid, na ihe fọdụrụ na-agba mmiri ma na-ekpo ọkụ nwayọọ nwayọọ ruo mgbe anwụrụ ọkụ na-apụta. A na-etinye crucible n'ime ọkụ Muffle wee kpọọ ọkụ na 750 ° C ± 50 Celsius C maka 1 h. Mgbe ọkụ gachara, a na-ewepụ ihe mkpuchi ahụ ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ na ụlọ okpomọkụ n'ime igwe nkụ ma tụọ ya.

Enwere ike ịhụ na usoro ọkọlọtọ na-eji nnukwu sulfuric acid gbadoro anya na usoro ọkụ. Mgbe kpochara, nnukwu anwụrụ ọkụ sulfuric acid gbadoro anya. Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na a na-arụ ya na mkpuchi ọkụ, ọ ga-enwe mmetụta dị egwu na gburugburu ebe obibi n'ime na n'èzí ụlọ nyocha. N'ime akwụkwọ a, a na-eji ether cellulose dị iche iche na-achọpụta ash dị ka usoro ọkọlọtọ si dị na-enweghị ịgbakwunye sulfuric acid na-etinye uche, na nsonaazụ ule na-atụnyere usoro ọkọlọtọ nkịtị.

Enwere ike ịhụ na enwere ọdịiche dị na nsonaazụ nchọpụta nke ụzọ abụọ ahụ. Dabere na data mbụ ndị a, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-agbakọ ọdịiche dị n'ọtụtụ nke abụọ na nso nso nke 1.35 ~ 1.39. Nke ahụ bụ, ọ bụrụ na a na-amụba nsonaazụ ule nke usoro na-enweghị sulfuric acid site na ọnụọgụ nke 1.35 ~ 1.39, enwere ike nweta nsonaazụ ule ash na sulfuric acid. Mgbe ewepụtachara nsonaazụ nnwale ahụ, atụnyere ọnọdụ nchọpụta abụọ ahụ ogologo oge, nsonaazụ ya dịgidere na ọnụọgụ a. Ọ na-egosi na enwere ike iji usoro a nwalee cellulose ether ash dị ọcha. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ihe pụrụ iche chọrọ n'otu n'otu, a ga-eji usoro ọkọlọtọ mee ihe. Ebe ọ bụ na ether cellulose dị mgbagwoju anya na-agbakwụnye ihe dị iche iche, a gaghị atụle ya ebe a. Na njikwa mma nke cellulose ether, iji usoro ule ash na-enweghị sulfuric acid na-etinye uche nwere ike ibelata mmetọ n'ime na n'èzí ụlọ nyocha, belata oge nnwale, reagent oriri ma belata ihe ize ndụ ihe mberede nwere ike ime site na usoro nnwale.

3, cellulose ether otu ọdịnaya ule pretreatment sample pretreatment

Ọdịnaya nke otu bụ otu n'ime ndepụta kachasị mkpa nke cellulose ether, nke na-ekpebi kpọmkwem njirimara kemịkalụ nke cellulose ether. Nnwale ọdịnaya nke otu na-ezo aka na cellulose ether n'okpuru ihe na-akpata, kpo oku na mgbawa na reactor mechiri emechi, wee wepụ ngwaahịa na ịgbanye n'ime chromatograph gas maka nyocha ọnụọgụ. A na-akpọ usoro mgbawa kpo oku nke ọdịnaya otu tupu ọgwụgwọ na akwụkwọ a. The ọkọlọtọ tupu ọgwụgwọ usoro bụ: tụọ 65mg akpọnwụwo sample, tinye 35mg adipic acid n'ime mmeghachi omume karama, banye 3.0ml esịtidem ọkọlọtọ mmiri mmiri na 2.0ml hydroiodic acid, tinye n'ime mmeghachi omume karama, kpuchie tightly na tụọ. Kwagharịa karama mmeghachi omume site n'aka maka 30s, tinye karama mmeghachi omume na igwe ọkụ ọkụ na 150 ± 2 ℃ maka 20min, wepụ ya ma maa jijiji maka 30S, wee kpoo ya maka 40min. Mgbe oyi na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụlọ, a na-achọ ka ọnwụ dị arọ ghara ịbụ ihe karịrị 10mg. Ma ọ bụghị ya, a ga-edozi ihe ngwọta sample ọzọ.

Standard usoro nke kpo oku na-eji na metal thermostat kpo oku mmeghachi omume, na n'ezie ojiji, okpomọkụ dị iche nke ọ bụla n'ahịrị nke metal bath bụ nnukwu, na ya pụta bụ nnọọ ogbenye repeatability, na n'ihi na kpo oku cracking mmeghachi omume dị njọ karị, mgbe mgbe n'ihi na Okpu mmeghachi omume nke karama abụghị nke siri ike na ntapu gas, enwere ụfọdụ ihe egwu. N'ime akwụkwọ a, site n'ule ogologo oge na nleba anya, a na-agbanwe usoro ọgwụgwọ ka ọ bụrụ: iji karama mmeghachi omume iko, na butyl roba plọg siri ike, na teepu polypropylene na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-ekpuchi interface ahụ, tinyezie karama mmeghachi omume n'ime obere cylinder pụrụ iche. , kpuchie tightly, n'ikpeazụ tinye n'ime oven kpo oku. Kalama mmeghachi omume na usoro a agaghị awụsa mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ ikuku, ọ dịkwa mma ma dị mfe ịrụ ọrụ mgbe reagent na-ama jijiji nke ọma n'oge mmeghachi omume. Ojiji nke ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ eletrik nwere ike ime ka nlele ọ bụla na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe si na ya pụta bụ ezigbo repeatability.

4. Nchịkọta

Nsonaazụ nnwale na-egosi na ụzọ ndị ka mma maka ịchọpụta cellulose ether nke a kpọtụrụ aha n'akwụkwọ a ga-ekwe omume. Iji ọnọdụ ndị dị n'akwụkwọ a iji nwalee ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnwụ nke ihicha nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ ma belata oge ule. Iji enweghị sulfuric acid ule combustion ash, nwere ike ibelata mmetọ ụlọ nyocha; Usoro oven nke a na-eji n'akwụkwọ a dị ka usoro nhazi nke cellulose ether test content nwere ike ime ka nhazi ahụ dịkwuo mma na nchekwa.