Ihe mgbakwunye na-eji mkpuchi

I. Nchịkọta
Dị ka otu n'ime akụrụngwa nke mkpuchi, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe mgbakwunye na-adịkarị obere (n'ozuzu banyere 1% nke mkpokọta nhazi), ma mmetụta dị ukwuu. Ihe mgbakwunye ya nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na-ezere ọtụtụ ntụpọ mkpuchi na ntụpọ ihe nkiri, ma na-eme ka mmepụta na mmepụta usoro nke mkpuchi dị mfe ịchịkwa, na mgbakwunye nke ụfọdụ ihe mgbakwunye nwere ike inye mkpuchi ahụ na ụfọdụ ọrụ pụrụ iche. Ya mere, ihe mgbakwunye bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mkpuchi.

2. Nhazi nke mgbakwunye
Ihe mgbakwunye a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka mkpuchi na-agụnye ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe na-edozi ahụ, ihe ndị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ, ndị na-edozi ọkwa, ihe na-achịkwa ụfụfụ, ndị na-akwalite adhesion, wetting and dispersing agents, wdg.

3. Arụmọrụ na ngwa nke mgbakwunye

(1) Organic mgbochi-edozi gị n'ụlọnga
Ọtụtụ n'ime ngwaahịa ndị a na-adabere na polyolefins, na-agbasasị na ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eji mmanụ castor eme ihe. Ihe mgbakwunye ndị a na-abịa n'ụdị atọ: mmiri mmiri, mado, na ntụ ntụ.

1. Nrụpụta ọmụmụ:
Ọrụ rheological bụ isi nke ndị na-eme ihe na-edozi ihe na-edozi ahụ bụ ịchịkwa nkwụsị nke pigmenti - ya bụ, igbochi nkwụsị siri ike ma ọ bụ iji zere idozi kpamkpam, nke bụ ngwa ha na-ahụkarị. Ma na omume, ọ na-eme ka mmụba nke viscosity na ụfọdụ nguzogide sag, karịsịa na mkpuchi ụlọ ọrụ. Ndị na-ahụ maka mgbochi na-edozi ahụ ga-agbaze n'ihi okpomọkụ dị elu, si otú ahụ na-efunahụ arụmọrụ ha, mana rheology ha ga-agbake ka usoro ahụ dị jụụ.

2. Ngwa nke organic mgbochi-edozi ihe:
Iji mee ka onye na-eme ihe na-edozi ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na mkpuchi ahụ, ekwesịrị ịgbasa ya nke ọma ma rụọ ọrụ. Usoro ndị akọwapụtara bụ ndị a:
(1) Wetting (naanị ntụ ntụ ntụ). Akọrọ ntụ ntụ organic mgbochi sedimentation gị n'ụlọnga bụ mkpokọta, iji kewaa ahụ na ibe ya, ọ ga-wetted site mgbaze na (ma ọ bụ) resin. Ọ na-ezurukarị ịgbakwunye ya na slurry na-egweri na mkpasu iwe na-agafeghị oke.
(2) Deagglomeration (naanị maka ntụ ntụ). Ike mkpokọta nke organic anti-sedimentation agents adịghị ike nke ukwuu, na ngwakọta mgbagwoju anya dị mfe zuru ezu n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ.
(3) Mgbasa, kpo oku, oge mgbasa ozi (ụdị niile). All organic mgbochi sedimentation elekọta mmadụ nwere kacha nta activation okpomọkụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-erubeghị, n'agbanyeghị otú nnukwu dispersing ike dị, a gaghị enwe rheological ọrụ. Igwe ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ na-adabere na ihe mgbaze ejiri. Mgbe opekempe okpomọkụ gafere, nrụgide etinyere ga-eme ka onye na-ahụ maka mgbochi sedimentation organic na-arụ ọrụ ma nye egwuregwu zuru oke na arụmọrụ ya.

(2) Ọkụ
A na-eji akwa dị iche iche eji agba agba na ihe mgbaze na mmiri. Ụdị thickeners ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mkpuchi mmiri bụ: cellulose ethers, polyacrylates, associative thickeners na inorganic thickeners.
1. The kasị eji cellulose ether thickener bụ hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Dabere na viscosity, e nwere nkọwa dị iche iche. HEC bụ ngwaahịa na-agbaze mmiri powdery, nke bụ ihe na-abụghị ionic thickener. Ọ nwere mmetụta dị mma nke siri ike, ezigbo mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri na nguzogide alkali, mana ọghọm ya bụ na ọ dị mfe itolite ebu, ire ere, ma nwee ihe na-adịghị mma.
2. The polyacrylate thickener bụ acrylate copolymer emulsion na a elu carboxyl ọdịnaya, na nnukwu atụmatụ bụ ya mma iguzogide ebu mbuso agha. Mgbe pH dị 8-10, ụdị thickener a na-etolite ma na-abawanye viscosity nke oge mmiri; ma mgbe pH karịrị 10, ọ na-agbaze n'ime mmiri ma tụfuo mmetụta ya. Ya mere, enwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na pH. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, mmiri amonia bụ ihe a na-ejikarị pH eme ihe maka agba latex na China. Ya mere, mgbe a na-eji ụdị thickener a, uru pH ga-ebelata site na ngbanwe nke mmiri amonia, mmetụta ya na-esikwa ike ga-ebelata.
3. Associative thickeners nwere dị iche iche ndim usoro si ọzọ ụdị thickeners. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eme ihe na-eweta viscosity site na hydration na nhazi nke usoro gel na-adịghị ike na usoro. Otú ọ dị, associative thickeners, dị ka surfactants, nwere ma hydrophilic akụkụ na ọnụ-enyi na enyi ọcha ọcha akụkụ mmanụ ke molekul. Akụkụ hydrophilic nwere ike ime ka mmiri na-agbapụta ma gbasaa iji mee ka akụkụ mmiri dị arọ. Enwere ike ijikọta otu njedebe lipophilic na ihe emulsion na ihe ndị dị na pigmenti. na-akpakọrịta iji mepụta usoro netwọkụ.
4. The inorganic thickener na-anọchi anya bentonite. Ọtụtụ mgbe, bentonite nke na-adabere na mmiri na-aza mgbe ọ na-amịkọrọ mmiri, na olu mgbe ọ na-amịkọrọ mmiri na-abụ ugboro ugboro ụda mbụ ya. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ebu ibu, kamakwa ọ na-egbochi imi mmiri, ịsa mmiri, na agba na-ese n'elu mmiri. Ya ndim mmetụta dị mma karịa nke alkali-swellable acrylic na polyurethane thickeners n'otu ego. Na mgbakwunye, ọ nwekwara ụdị mgbanwe pH dị iche iche, nkwụsi ike na-ekpo ọkụ dị mma na nkwụsi ike nke ndu. N'ihi na ọ nweghị ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-edozi mmiri, ihe ndị dị mma na ihe nkiri akọrọ nwere ike igbochi ịkwaga mmiri na mgbasa, ma nwee ike ịkwalite nkwụsị mmiri nke ihe nkiri mkpuchi.

(3) onye na-enye ọkwa ọkwa

E nwere ụdị isi atọ nke ihe ndị na-eme larịị nke a na-ejikarị:
1. Ụdị ọkwa ọkwa polysiloxane gbanwere
Ụdị ọkwa ọkwa a nwere ike ibelata nrụgide elu nke mkpuchi ahụ, melite wettability nke mkpuchi na mkpụrụ, ma gbochie nkwụsị; ọ nwere ike ibelata esemokwu esemokwu dị n'elu elu nke ihe nkiri mmiri ahụ n'ihi mgbaze mgbaze, meziwanye ọnọdụ mmiri na-asọpụta n'elu, ma mee ka agba agba agba ngwa ngwa; ụdị ọkwa ọkwa a nwekwara ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri dị oke mkpa ma dị mma n'elu ihe nkiri mkpuchi ahụ, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ọ dị nro na gloss nke ihe nkiri mkpuchi mkpuchi.
2. Ụdị ọkwa ọkwa resin ogologo ogologo nwere oke ndakọrịta
Dị ka acrylate homopolymer ma ọ bụ copolymer, nke nwere ike ibelata esemokwu elu nke mkpuchi na mkpụrụ ahụ ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ iji melite wettability na igbochi shrinkage; na nwere ike na-etolite otu molekụla larịị n'elu mkpuchi mkpuchi na-amụba elu esemokwu nke mkpuchi Homogenize, melite elu fluidity, na-egbochi ihe mgbaze volatilization ọsọ, wepụ ntụpọ dị ka oroma bee na ahịhịa akara, na-eme ka mkpuchi ihe nkiri ire ụtọ na ọbụna.
3. Leveling gị n'ụlọnga na elu esi ebe mgbaze dị ka isi akụrụngwa
Ụdị ọkwa ọkwa a nwere ike ịhazigharị ọnụego mgbanwe nke ihe mgbaze, nke mere na ihe nkiri mkpuchi ahụ na-enwe mmetụta na-edozi ahụ na-edozi ahụ n'oge usoro ihicha, ma na-egbochi ntinye nke ihe nkiri mkpuchi na-egbochi site na mgbaze mgbaze ngwa ngwa. na viscosity dị oke elu, na-akpata adịghị mma larịị larịị, na nwere ike igbochi shrinkage mere site na ogbenye solubility nke isi ihe na ọdịda nke ihe mgbaze volatilization mere ngwa ngwa.

(4) Onye na-ahụ maka njikwa ụfụfụ
A na-akpọkwa ndị na-achịkwa ụfụfụ ndị na-egbochi ụfụfụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-emebi ụfụfụ. Ihe ndị na-egbochi ụfụfụ na-egbochi ma ọ bụ na-egbu oge nhazi ụfụfụ: Ndị na-egbochi ụfụfụ bụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-agbawa afụ na-emepụta. Ọdịiche dị n'etiti ha abụọ bụ naanị usoro iwu ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, defoamer na-aga nke ọma nwekwara ike igbochi nguzobe nke ụfụfụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ mgbochi. N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, onye na-eme ihe na-egbochi ụfụfụ nwere ihe atọ bụ isi: ogige na-arụ ọrụ (ya bụ, onye na-arụ ọrụ); onye na-ekesa mgbasa (dị ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị); ebu.

(5) Wetting na-achụsasị mmadụ
Ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na nkesa nwere ike inwe ọrụ dịgasị iche iche, mana ọrụ abụọ bụ isi bụ iji belata oge na / ma ọ bụ ike achọrọ iji mezue usoro mgbasa ozi ka ọ na-eme ka mgbasa nke pigment guzosie ike. A na-ekekarị ndị ọrụ wetting na ndị na-ekesa n'ime ihe ndị a

Nkeji ise:
1. Anionic wetting gị n'ụlọnga
2. Cationic wetting ihe
3. Electroneutral, amphoteric wetting agent
4. Bifunctional, onye na-abụghị eletrik na-anọpụ iche wetting
5. Onye na-ahụ maka mmiri na-abụghị ionic

Ụdị anọ mbụ nke ndị ọrụ wetting na ndị na-ekesa nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ wetting ma nyere aka mgbasa nke pigmenti n'ihi na njedebe hydrophilic ha nwere ike ịmepụta njikọ anụ ahụ na nke kemịkal na elu pigmenti, n'akụkụ, akụkụ, wdg, wee gaa na Orientation nke pigmenti elu, na-abụkarị njedebe hydrophobic. Nonionic wetting na dispersing agents nwekwara nwere njedebe hydrophilic, ma ha enweghị ike ịmepụta njikọ anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ na elu pigmenti, mana ha nwere ike jikọta ya na mmiri adsorbed n'elu akụkụ nke pigmenti. Nke a na mmiri na-ejikọta na pigmenti urughuru elu bụ ejighị n'aka na-eduga na-abụghị ionic absorption na desorption. The desorified surfactant na a resin usoro bụ free na-achọghị ịkpata mmetụta dị ka ogbenye mmiri na-eguzogide.

The wetting gị n'ụlọnga na dispersant kwesịrị ịgbakwunye n'oge pigmenti dispersion usoro, nke mere na iji hụ na ndị ọzọ n'elu nọ n'ọrụ bekee nwere ike na nso kọntaktị na pigmenti na-egwu ha ọrụ tupu eru n'elu nke pigmenti urughuru.

Anọ. Nchịkọta

Mkpuchi bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya. Dị ka akụkụ nke usoro ahụ, a na-agbakwunye ihe mgbakwunye na obere ego, ma ha na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na arụmọrụ ya. Ya mere, mgbe na-emepe emepe ihe mgbaze dabeere coatings, nke mgbakwunye na-eji na ha onunu ogwu kwesịrị kpebisiri ike site a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ugboro ugboro nnwale.