Dab tsi yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm DS thiab molecular hnyav ntawm Sodium CMC

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yog ntau yam dej-soluble polymer muab tau los ntawm cellulose, ib txwm tshwm sim polysaccharide pom nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag cell phab ntsa. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam, nrog rau cov khoom noj, tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, textiles, thiab roj drilling, vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab functionalities.

Structure thiab Properties ntawm Sodium CMC:

CMC yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov kho tshuaj ntawm cellulose, qhov twg carboxymethyl pawg (-CH2-COOH) tau nkag mus rau hauv cov pob txha cellulose los ntawm etherification lossis esterification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov degree ntawm kev hloov pauv (DS) yog hais txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov carboxymethyl pawg ib chav tsev piam thaj hauv cov saw cellulose. DS qhov tseem ceeb feem ntau yog nyob ntawm 0.2 txog 1.5, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev sib txuas thiab cov khoom xav tau ntawm CMC.

Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm CMC yog hais txog qhov nruab nrab qhov loj ntawm cov saw hlau polymer thiab tuaj yeem sib txawv heev nyob ntawm seb yam xws li lub hauv paus ntawm cellulose, txoj kev sib txuas, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov txheej txheem purification. Qhov hnyav Molecular feem ntau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis xws li tus lej nruab nrab molecular hnyav (Mn), qhov hnyav nruab nrab molecular hnyav (Mw), thiab viscosity-nruab nrab molecular hnyav (Mv).

Synthesis ntawm Sodium CMC:

Kev sib xyaw ntawm CMC feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cellulose nrog sodium hydroxide (NaOH) thiab chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) lossis nws cov ntsev ntsev (NaClCH2COOH). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv nucleophilic, qhov twg hydroxyl pawg (-OH) ntawm cov pob txha cellulose hnov ​​​​mob nrog chloroacetyl pawg (-ClCH2COOH) los tsim cov pawg carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH).

DS ntawm CMC tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho cov molar piv ntawm chloroacetic acid rau cellulose, lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv, kub, pH, thiab lwm yam tsis zoo thaum lub sij hawm synthesis. Cov txiaj ntsig DS siab dua yog feem ntau ua tiav nrog ntau dua ntawm chloroacetic acid thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntev dua.

Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm CMC yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog cov khoom hnyav molecular faib ntawm cov khoom siv cellulose pib, qhov degradation thaum lub sij hawm synthesis, thiab qib ntawm polymerization ntawm CMC chains. Cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau CMC nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav molecular faib thiab qhov nruab nrab qhov ntau thiab tsawg.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm DS thiab Molecular Luj:

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm qib kev hloov pauv (DS) thiab qhov hnyav molecular ntawm sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yog qhov nyuaj thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam cuam tshuam nrog CMC synthesis, qauv, thiab cov khoom.

1. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm DS ntawm Molecular Luj:
   • Cov txiaj ntsig DS siab dua feem ntau cuam tshuam rau qhov qis molecular hnyav ntawm CMC. Qhov no yog vim hais tias qhov siab dua DS qhia tau hais tias ntau dua ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov carboxymethyl pawg mus rau hauv cov pob txha cellulose, ua rau luv luv polymer chains thiab qis molecular hnyav ntawm qhov nruab nrab.
   • Kev taw qhia ntawm cov pab pawg carboxymethyl cuam tshuam cov intermolecular hydrogen bonding ntawm cellulose chains, ua rau cov saw scission thiab fragmentation thaum synthesis. Cov txheej txheem degradation no tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm CMC, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ntawm cov txiaj ntsig DS siab dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua.
   • Conversely, qis dua DS qhov tseem ceeb yog txuam nrog ntev polymer chains thiab siab dua molecular luj ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Qhov no yog vim qhov qis dua ntawm kev hloov pauv ua rau tsawg dua carboxymethyl pawg hauv ib chav tsev piam thaj, tso cai rau cov ntu ntev ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes tsis hloov pauv kom nyob twj ywm.
2. Cov nyhuv ntawm Molecular Luj ntawm DS:
   • Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm CMC tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev hloov pauv tau ua tiav thaum lub sijhawm sib xyaw. Qhov hnyav dua molecular ntawm cellulose tuaj yeem muab cov chaw ua haujlwm ntau dua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv carboxymethylation, tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntau dua kom ua tiav raws li qee yam xwm txheej.
   • Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hnyav molecular ntau dhau ntawm cellulose kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev nkag mus ntawm cov pab pawg hydroxyl rau kev hloov pauv, ua rau tsis tiav lossis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig carboxymethylation thiab qis dua DS tus nqi.
   • Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov hnyav molecular faib ntawm cov khoom siv cellulose pib tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev faib khoom ntawm DS qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom CMC. Heterogeneities hauv qhov hnyav molecular yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm sib txuas, ua rau muaj ntau yam ntawm DS qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom CMC kawg.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm DS thiab Molecular Nyhav ntawm CMC Cov Khoom thiab Kev Siv:

1. Rheological Properties:
   • Qib ntawm kev hloov pauv (DS) thiab qhov hnyav molecular ntawm CMC tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws cov khoom rheological, suav nrog viscosity, shear thinning tus cwj pwm, thiab tsim gel.
   • Qhov siab dua DS feem ntau ua rau qis viscosities thiab ntau pseudoplastic (shear thinning) tus cwj pwm vim luv luv polymer chains thiab txo cov molecular entanglement.
   • Conversely, qis dua DS qhov tseem ceeb thiab siab dua molecular hnyav yuav ua rau kom viscosity thiab txhim khu cov pseudoplastic tus cwj pwm ntawm CMC kev daws teeb meem, ua rau txhim kho thickening thiab ncua kev kawm ntawv.
2. Dej Solubility thiab o tus cwj pwm:
   • CMC nrog cov txiaj ntsig DS siab dua yuav ua rau pom cov dej solubility ntau dua thiab cov dej nrawm dua vim qhov siab dua ntawm hydrophilic carboxymethyl pawg raws li cov saw hlau polymer.
   • Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig DS siab heev kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau txo cov dej solubility thiab nce gel tsim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv siab concentrations los yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm multivalent cations.
   • Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm CMC tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws tus cwj pwm o thiab tuav dej. Kev hnyav dua molecular feem ntau ua rau qeeb hydration tus nqi thiab muaj peev xwm khaws dej ntau dua, uas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau tso tawm lossis tswj cov dej noo.
3. Film-Forming thiab Barrier Properties:
   • CMC films tsim los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem los yog dispersions muaj teeb meem tiv thaiv oxygen, ya raws, thiab lwm yam gases, ua rau lawv haum rau ntim thiab txheej daim ntaub ntawv.
   • DS thiab molecular hnyav ntawm CMC tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub zog txhua yam, yoog raws, thiab permeability ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tshwm sim. Cov txiaj ntsig DS siab dua thiab qhov hnyav dua molecular tuaj yeem ua rau cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj zog tensile qis dua thiab permeability ntau dua vim luv luv polymer chains thiab txo cov kev sib cuam tshuam hauv nruab nrab.
4. Kev siv hauv ntau yam kev lag luam:
   • CMC nrog cov txiaj ntsig DS sib txawv thiab qhov hnyav molecular pom cov ntawv thov hauv ntau lub lag luam, suav nrog zaub mov, tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, textiles, thiab roj drilling.
   • Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, CMC yog siv los ua cov thickener, stabilizer, thiab emulsifier hauv cov khoom xws li kua ntses, hnav khaub ncaws, thiab dej haus. Kev xaiv ntawm CMC qib nyob ntawm qhov xav tau kev ntxhib los mos, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom kawg.
   • Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj formulations, CMC ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug binder, disintegrant, thiab film-forming tus neeg saib xyuas nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, tsiav tshuaj, thiab qhov ncauj ncua kev kawm ntawv. DS thiab molecular hnyav ntawm CMC tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tso tawm kinetics, bioavailability, thiab kev ua raws li tus neeg mob.
   • Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce, CMC yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev, tshuaj pleev, thiab cov khoom tu plaub hau ua cov thickener, stabilizer, thiab moisturizer. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm CMC qib nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv xws li kev ntxhib los mos, kev nthuav dav, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev hnov ​​​​qab.
   • Hauv kev lag luam roj drilling, CMC yog siv rau hauv cov dej drilling ua cov viscosifier, cov kua dej tswj tus neeg sawv cev, thiab cov shale inhibitor. DS thiab molecular hnyav ntawm CMC tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo hauv kev tswj kev ruaj ntseg zoo, tswj cov dej tsis zoo, thiab inhibiting av nplaum o.

Xaus:

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm qib kev hloov pauv (DS) thiab qhov hnyav molecular ntawm sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yog qhov nyuaj thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam cuam tshuam nrog CMC synthesis, qauv, thiab cov khoom. Cov txiaj ntsig DS siab dua feem ntau cuam tshuam rau qhov qis qis ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm CMC, thaum qis DS qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov hnyav dua molecular yuav ua rau cov saw hlau ntev dua thiab siab dua qhov hnyav ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Kev nkag siab txog qhov kev sib raug zoo no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm CMC hauv ntau daim ntawv thov thoob plaws kev lag luam, suav nrog zaub mov, tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, textiles, thiab roj drilling. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv thiab kev txhim kho yog xav tau los piav qhia cov txheej txheem hauv qab no thiab txhim kho kev sib txuas thiab kev ua tus cwj pwm ntawm CMC nrog DS thiab cov khoom hnyav molecular faib rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.