Polymerization yog dab tsi?

Polymerization yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas monomers (me me molecules) tau ua ke los ua ib lub polymer (cov molecule loj). Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus covalent ntawm cov monomers, uas ua rau muaj cov qauv zoo li cov saw hlau uas rov ua dua tshiab.

Polymerization tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem, suav nrog ntxiv polymerization thiab condensation polymerization. Ntxiv rau polymerization, cov monomers tau koom ua ke los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ntxiv ib lub monomer ntawm ib lub sij hawm rau cov saw hlau loj hlob. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv cov catalyst los pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Piv txwv ntawm cov polymers ntxiv muaj xws li polyethylene, polypropylene, thiab polystyrene.

Condensation polymerization, ntawm qhov tod tes, koom nrog kev tshem tawm cov molecule me me, xws li dej lossis cawv, raws li cov monomers ua ke los tsim cov polymer. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yuav tsum muaj ob hom monomers sib txawv, txhua tus nrog cov pab pawg reactive uas tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus nrog lwm tus. Piv txwv ntawm condensation polymers muaj xws li nylon, polyester, thiab polyurethane.

Polymerization yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv, nrog rau kev tsim cov yas, fibers, adhesives, coatings, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Cov khoom ntawm cov txiaj ntsig polymer tuaj yeem raug kho los ntawm kev kho hom thiab tus nqi ntawm cov monomers siv, nrog rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization.