Mortar yog dab tsi?

Mortar yog ib hom khoom siv hauv tsev siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev los yog cov nplaum hauv kev tsim kho masonry. Nws yog cov khoom siv zoo li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, feem ntau suav nrog cov cement, txiv qaub, xuab zeb, thiab dej. Mortar yog siv los ntawm cib, pob zeb, los yog lwm yam masonry units los khi lawv ua ke thiab tsim kom muaj ib tug muaj zog thiab ruaj qauv.

Nov yog qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm mortar:

1. Cement: Portland cement yog hom cement feem ntau siv hauv mortar. Nws ua raws li ib tug binder, tuav lwm yam khoom xyaw ua ke thiab muab lub zog rau lub mortar thaum nws hardens. Hom thiab kev faib ua feem ntawm cov cement siv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj khib, xws li nws lub zog thiab lub sijhawm teem sijhawm.
2. Txiv qaub: Txiv qaub feem ntau ntxiv rau hauv mortar los txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm, plasticity, thiab durability. Nws tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov mortar thiab masonry units. Hydrated txiv qaub yog hom txiv qaub feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv mortar formulations.
3. Xuab zeb: Xuab zeb yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov tshuaj khib nyiab, muab ntau thiab ntim cov voids ntawm masonry units. Qhov loj thiab hom xuab zeb siv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm, lub zog, thiab cov tsos ntawm cov tshuaj khib. Cov xuab zeb zoo dua tsim cov tshuaj khib nyiab, thaum cov xuab zeb coarser tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog.
4. Dej: Dej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev hydration ntawm cement thiab txiv qaub nyob rau hauv mortar mix. Nws ua raws li qhov nruab nrab rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cia cov cement los kho thiab tawv. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej ntxiv rau cov tshuaj khib nyiab cuam tshuam rau nws qhov sib xws, kev ua haujlwm, thiab sijhawm teem sijhawm.

Mortar ua haujlwm ntau yam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho masonry:

• Bonding: Mortar khi masonry units ua ke, tsim ib tug cohesive qauv uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus loads thiab stresses.
• Load Transfer: mortar faib cov load los ntawm ib chav masonry mus rau lwm qhov, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj khov.
• Waterproofing: mortar pab foob pob qij txha ntawm cov masonry units, tiv thaiv dej infiltration thiab tiv thaiv lub tsev los ntawm noo noo puas.
• Aesthetic Finish: mortar kuj tuaj yeem pab txhawb rau qhov zoo li ntawm cov qauv masonry, nrog cov xim sib txawv thiab textures muaj kom ua tiav qhov kev xav zoo nkauj.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, mortar yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho masonry, muab lub zog, durability, thiab stability rau ntau hom qauv, los ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab vaj tse mus rau choj thiab monuments.