Abstract:Txhawm rau hloov cov tsis-degradable polyvinyl cawv (PVA) slurry, hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose tau npaj los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb pov tseg hemp stalks, thiab tov nrog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab los npaj cov slurry. Polyester-paj rwb blended yarn T / C65 / 35 14.7 tex yog qhov loj thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tau sim. Txoj kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yog raws li nram no: qhov loj ntawm lye yog 35%; compression piv ntawm alkali cellulose yog 2.4; Cov kua ntim piv ntawm methane thiab propylene oxide yog 7: 3; dilute nrog isopropanol; cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab yog 2. 0MPa ua. Qhov loj me uas npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw hydroxypropyl methylcellulose thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tshwj xeeb tau qis dua COD thiab yog ib puag ncig zoo dua, thiab txhua qhov ntsuas qhov loj tuaj yeem hloov PVA loj.
Cov lus tseem ceeb:hemp stalk; hemp stalk cellulose ether; polyvinyl cawv; cellulose ether sizing
0.Ua ntej
Tuam Tshoj yog ib lub teb chaws uas muaj peev xwm nplua nuj straw. Cov qoob loo cov qoob loo yog ntau tshaj 700 lab tons, thiab kev siv cov straw tsuas yog 3% txhua xyoo. Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm straw kev pab cuam tsis tau siv. Straw yog cov khoom lag luam nplua nuj lignocellulosic raw khoom, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev pub, chiv, cellulose derivatives thiab lwm yam khoom.
Tam sim no, desizing dej khib nyiab nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim textile tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov pa phem loj tshaj plaws. Cov tshuaj oxygen xav tau ntawm PVA yog siab heev. Tom qab cov dej khib nyiab tsim los ntawm PVA hauv cov txheej txheem luam ntawv thiab dyeing tau tawm mus rau hauv tus dej, nws yuav cuam tshuam lossis txawm tias ua pa ntawm cov kab mob hauv dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, PVA ua rau muaj kev tso tawm thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov hlau hnyav hauv cov av hauv cov dej, ua rau muaj teeb meem loj dua ib puag ncig. Txhawm rau ua tiav kev tshawb fawb txog kev hloov PVA nrog cov slurry ntsuab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov txheej txheem sizing, tab sis kuj txo cov pa phem ntawm dej thiab huab cua thaum lub sij hawm sizing.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) tau npaj los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb pov tseg hemp stalks, thiab nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tau tham txog. Thiab sib tov hydroxypropyl methylcellulose thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tshwj xeeb raws li qhov loj me rau qhov loj me, piv nrog PVA loj, thiab sib tham txog nws qhov kev ua tau zoo.
1. Kev sim
1. 1 Cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej siv
Hemp stalk, Heilongjiang; polyester-paj rwb blended yarn T / C65 / 3514.7 tex; tus kheej ua hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; FS-101, hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, PVA-1799, PVA-0588, Liaoning Zhongze Group Chaoyang Textile Co., Ltd.; propanol, qib premium; propylene oxide, glacial acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, isopropanol, analytically ntshiab; methyl chloride, high-purity nitrogen.
GSH-3L cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, JRA-6 digital zaub sib nqus nplawm dej da dej, DHG-9079A hluav taws xob cua sov tas li kub kom qhuav qhov cub, IKARW-20 nyiaj siv ua haujlwm txhua yam agitator, ESS-1000 qauv sizing tshuab, YG 061 / PC hluav taws xob ib leeg xov lub zog ntsuas, LFY-109B computerized xov paj abrasion tester.
1.2 Kev npaj ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 2. 1 Kev npaj ntawm alkali fiber ntau
Muab cov pob txha taub hau, zuaj nws mus rau 20 meshes nrog lub pulverizer, ntxiv hemp stalk hmoov rau 35% NaOH aqueous tov, thiab tsau nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub rau 1. 5 ~ 2. 0 h ua. Nyem lub impregnated alkali fiber ntau kom qhov sib piv ntawm alkali, cellulose, thiab dej yog 1. 2: 1. 2:1 ua.
1. 2. 2 Etherification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Muab cov npaj alkali cellulose pov rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kettle, ntxiv 100 mL ntawm isopropanol li diluent, ntxiv kua 140 mL ntawm methyl chloride thiab 60 mL ntawm propylene oxide, nqus tsev vacuumize, thiab pressurize rau 2. 0 MPa, maj mam nce qhov kub ntawm 45 ° C rau 1-2 teev, thiab hnov mob ntawm 75 ° C rau 1-2 teev los npaj hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
1. 2. 3 Tom qab ua tiav
Kho cov pH ntawm etherified cellulose ether nrog glacial acetic acid rau 6. 5 ~ 7. 5, ntxuav nrog propanol peb zaug, thiab ziab hauv qhov cub ntawm 85 ° C.
1.3 Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 3. 1 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib hloov ceev ntawm kev npaj ntawm cellulose ether
Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv etherification yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv heterogeneous los ntawm sab hauv mus rau sab hauv. Yog tias tsis muaj lub zog sab nraud, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau tus neeg sawv cev etherification nkag mus rau crystallization ntawm cellulose, yog li nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom tag nrho cov etherification tus neeg sawv cev nrog cov cellulose los ntawm kev nplawm. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, ib tug high-pressure stirred reactor tau siv. Tom qab rov ua qhov kev sim thiab ua qauv qhia, qhov kev xaiv hloov ceev yog 240-350 r / min.
1. 3. 2 Cov nyhuv ntawm alkali concentration ntawm kev npaj ntawm cellulose ether
Alkali tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv kev cog lus ntawm cellulose kom nws o, thiab thaum qhov o ntawm thaj av amorphous thiab thaj tsam crystalline zoo ib yam, cov etherification ua tau zoo. Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cellulose ether, tus nqi ntawm alkali siv hauv cov txheej txheem cellulose alkalization muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm etherification ntawm cov khoom siv etherification thiab qib ntawm kev hloov ntawm pab pawg. Hauv kev npaj cov txheej txheem ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, raws li qhov concentration ntawm lye nce, cov ntsiab lus ntawm methoxyl pawg kuj nce; conversely, thaum lub concentration ntawm lye txo, cov hydroxypropyl methylcellulose lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog loj. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm methoxy pawg yog ncaj qha proportional rau cov concentration ntawm lye; Cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydroxypropyl yog inversely proportional rau qhov concentration ntawm lye. Qhov loj feem ntawm NaOH raug xaiv raws li 35% tom qab rov sim dua.
1. 3. 3 Cov nyhuv ntawm alkali cellulose nias piv rau kev npaj ntawm cellulose ether
Lub hom phiaj ntawm nias alkali fiber ntau yog los tswj cov dej ntsiab lus ntawm alkali cellulose. Thaum qhov sib piv me me dhau lawm, cov ntsiab lus dej nce ntxiv, qhov concentration ntawm lye txo qis, tus nqi etherification txo, thiab tus neeg sawv cev etherification yog hydrolyzed thiab cov kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. , lub etherification efficiency yog heev txo. Thaum qhov sib piv loj dhau lawm, cov dej cov ntsiab lus txo qis, cov cellulose tsis tuaj yeem o, thiab tsis muaj reactivity, thiab tus neeg sawv cev etherification tsis tuaj yeem tiv tauj nrog alkali cellulose, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis sib xws. Tom qab ntau qhov kev sim thiab nias sib piv, nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov sib piv ntawm alkali, dej thiab cellulose yog 1. 2: 1. 2:1 ua.
1. 3. 4 Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm kev npaj ntawm cellulose ether
Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, thawj zaug tswj qhov kub ntawm 50-60 ° C thiab khaws cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau 2 teev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydroxypropylation tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm 30 ℃, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydroxypropylation nce siab heev ntawm 50 ℃; maj mam nce qhov kub ntawm 75 ℃, thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm 2 teev. Ntawm 50 ° C, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv methylation tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, ntawm 60 ° C, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qeeb, thiab ntawm 75 ° C, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv methylation tau nrawm heev.
Kev npaj ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nrog ntau theem kub tswj tsis tau tsuas yog tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm methoxyl thiab hydroxypropyl pawg, tab sis kuj pab txo cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab tom qab kev kho mob, thiab tau txais cov khoom nrog cov qauv tsim nyog.
1. 3. 5 Cov nyhuv ntawm etherification tus neeg saib xyuas ntau npaum li cas ntawm kev npaj ntawm cellulose ether
Txij li thaum hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yog ib qho tsis yog-ionic sib xyaw ether, methyl thiab hydroxypropyl pawg tau hloov pauv ntawm cov sib txawv hydroxypropyl methylcellulose macromolecular chains, uas yog, sib txawv C nyob rau hauv txhua lub nplhaib qab zib. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov sib faib ntawm methyl thiab hydroxypropyl muaj ntau dua dispersion thiab randomness. Cov dej solubility ntawm HPMC muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm methoxy pawg. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm methoxy pawg tsawg, nws tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov alkali muaj zog. Raws li cov ntsiab lus methoxyl nce, nws dhau los ua rhiab rau dej o. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus methoxy, qhov zoo dua cov dej solubility, thiab nws tuaj yeem raug formulated rau hauv slurry.
Tus nqi ntawm etherifying tus neeg sawv cev methyl chloride thiab propylene oxide muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm methoxyl thiab hydroxypropyl. Txhawm rau npaj hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nrog dej solubility zoo, cov kua ntim piv ntawm methyl chloride thiab propylene oxide raug xaiv raws li 7: 3.
1.3.6 Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv yog lub siab-siab stirred reactor; Kev sib hloov ceev yog 240-350 r / min; qhov loj feem ntawm lye yog 35%; compression piv ntawm alkali cellulose yog 2. 4; Hydroxypropoxylation ntawm 50 ° C rau 2 teev, methoxylation ntawm 75 ° C rau 2 teev; etherification tus neeg sawv cev methyl chloride thiab propylene oxide kua ntim piv 7: 3; lub tshuab nqus tsev; zog 2. 0 MPa; diluent yog isopropanol.
2. Kev kuaj xyuas thiab kev thov
2.1 SEM ntawm hemp cellulose thiab alkali cellulose
Sib piv cov hemp cellulose tsis kho thiab hemp cellulose kho nrog 35% NaOH, nws tuaj yeem pom meej tias cov alkalized cellulose muaj ntau qhov tawg, qhov loj dua qhov chaw, kev ua haujlwm siab dua thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv etherification yooj yim dua.
2.2 Kev txiav txim siab Infrared Spectroscopy
Cov cellulose muab rho tawm los ntawm hemp stalks tom qab kho thiab infrared spectrum ntawm HPMC npaj los ntawm hemp stalk cellulose. Ntawm lawv, muaj zog thiab dav nqus band ntawm 3295 cm -1 yog lub stretching vibration absorption band ntawm HPMC koom haum hydroxyl pab pawg, lub nqus plua plav ntawm 1250 ~ 1460 cm -1 yog lub nqus plua plav ntawm CH, CH2 thiab CH3, thiab nqus tau. band ntawm 1600 cm -1 yog qhov nqus dej hauv cov khoom siv polymer. Lub nqus plua plav ntawm 1025cm -1 yog qhov nqus ntawm C - O - C hauv cov polymer.
2.3 Kev txiav txim siab viscosity
Nqa cov qauv cannabis stalk cellulose ether thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub beaker los npaj 2% aqueous tov, do kom huv si, ntsuas nws cov viscosity thiab viscosity stability nrog viscometer, thiab ntsuas qhov nruab nrab viscosity rau 3 zaug. Lub viscosity ntawm npaj cannabis stalk cellulose ether qauv yog 11. 8 mpa .
2.4 Sizing daim ntawv thov
2.4.1 Slurry configuration
Cov slurry tau npaj rau hauv 1000mL ntawm cov slurry nrog ib feem ntawm 3.5%, stirred tusyees nrog ib tug tov, thiab ces muab tso rau hauv ib tug da dej thiab rhuab mus rau 95 ° C rau 1 h. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nco ntsoov tias lub thawv ntim khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tau muab kaw kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov slurry nce vim dej evaporation.
2.4.2 Slurry formulation pH, miscibility thiab COD
Sib tov hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tshwj xeeb los npaj slurry (1 # ~ 4 #), thiab sib piv nrog PVA cov mis slurry (0 #) los tshuaj xyuas pH, miscibility thiab COD. Cov polyester-paj rwb sib xyaw yarn T / C65 / 3514.7 tex yog qhov loj me ntawm ESS1000 qauv sizing tshuab, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tau soj ntsuam.
Nws tuaj yeem pom tias hauv tsev hemp stalk cellulose ether thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tshwj xeeb loj 3 # yog cov qauv tsim kom zoo: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab 10% FS-101.
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv sizing yog piv rau cov ntaub ntawv sizing ntawm PVA loj, qhia tias qhov sib xyaw loj ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tshwj xeeb muaj qhov ua tau zoo sizing; nws pH yog ze rau nruab nrab; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab COD (17459.2 mg / L) ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab sib xyaw ua ke tau qis dua li ntawm PVA loj (26448.0 mg / L), thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig zoo.
3. Cov lus xaus
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo tshaj plaws rau kev npaj hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose rau sizing yog raws li nram no: lub siab-siab stirred reactor nrog kev sib hloov ceev ntawm 240-350 r / min, ib feem ntawm lye ntawm 35%, thiab compression ratio ntawm alkali cellulose 2.4, qhov kub methylation yog 75 ℃, thiab hydroxypropylation kub yog 50 ℃, txhua tus khaws cia rau 2 teev, cov kua ntim piv ntawm methyl chloride thiab propylene oxide yog 7: 3, lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab yog 2.0 MPa, isopropanol yog diluent.
Hemp stalk cellulose ether tau siv los hloov PVA qhov loj me rau qhov loj me, thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib piv yog: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab 10% FS-101. Cov pH ntawm cov slurry yog 6.5 thiab COD (17459.2 mg / L) yog qhov qis dua li ntawm PVA slurry (26448.0 mg / L), qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo ib puag ncig.
Hemp stalk cellulose ether tau siv rau qhov loj me ntawm PVA loj los ua kom loj hlob polyester-paj rwb sib xyaw xov paj T / C 65/3514.7tex. Qhov ntsuas qhov loj me yog sib npaug. Tus tshiab hemp stalk cellulose ether thiab hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab sib xyaw tuaj yeem hloov PVA loj.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-20-2023